فهرست مطالب ابوذر پرهیزکاری

Examining the potential effects of this event, which has received more and more attention from the international community, is an important step in the development of agricultural activities in Tehran province.

In the present study, using the approach of state or regional agricultural production model (SWAP), the economic behavior of Tehran farmers after participating in the structural institution of the local water market was modeled.

The results showed that with the establishment of local water market in Tehran province, in addition to sustainable balancing of water resources, it is possible to develop the acreage of irrigated products, albeit profitable in the cropping pattern of less water regions (Shahrerey and Varamin plains) and by balancing farmers’ gross profit, the negative consequences of the hydrological drought phenomenon are reduced to about 35.3% compared to the base period.

Establishing a local water market as a structural institution with private property rights in Tehran province can transfer surplus water resources in the study areas of southwestern Tehran province (regions C, D and E).

in the present study, the integration of comprehensive Hydrological -economic modeling system of agriculture and water resources in Tehran province was investigated, in order to assess the potential effects of global warming. To achieve this goal, first using General Circulation Models (GCM) the effects of greenhouse gases on the average climatic variables of temperature and precipitation under the emission scenarios A1B, A2 and B1 were investigated. This was done with the help of GCM/RCM data system and LARS-WG microscale model. Then, using econometric approach and regression analysis, the effects of climatic variables of temperature and precipitation on the average yield of selected products were evaluated. A Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) model was used to investigate changes in products yields on cropping patterns. The results showed that the behavior of climatic variables of temperature and precipitation during the future periods in the study basins of Tehran province compared to the base period will increase (0/26 to 3/75 °c) and decrease (0/78 to 41/1 mm) respectively.

The correct application of deficit irrigation requires thorough understanding of the yield response to water (crop sensitivity to drought stress) and the economic impact of reductions in yield of products. In regions where water resources are restrictive, it can be more profitable for farmers to maximize crop water productivity instead of maximizing the harvest per unit land. Therefore, in the present study the effect of adoption of Clarke's deficit irrigation was evaluated in farms-level in Ardalan plain with emphasis on water resources management. This case were applied using a spatial-aggregation positive mathematical programming (SA-PMP) model and the questionnaire data related to year 2019-2020. After calibration of proposed modeling system in GAMS software, the effects of Clarke deficit irrigation in 5 and 10 percent levels on optimum cropping pattern, consumable water resources and farmers' gross margin were evaluated. The results showed that there is a significant difference between farmers' paid water charges (547 Rials) and economic value of irrigation water (1348 Rials) in Ardalan plain which leads farmers to consider water as a free input and its over-consumption in crop lands. Also, applying the deficit irrigation method leads to a saving of 5.01 to 9.78 percent in irrigation water for only a slight decrease in yield of selected products (from 0.88 to 5.72 percent) and in farmers’ gross margin (from 3.15 to 7.07 percent). More stretchability of water demand in small farm (ewater= 0.573) and increasing the economic value of water from 3.9 to 8.9 percent compared to the base year condition are another consequence of application of deficit irrigation in representative farms pattern. Finally, for a sustainable management of water resources in Ardalan plain it is recommended to use deficit irrigation method at low levels (5 and 10 percent) especially in large farms, to apply the policy program of equality consideration (in order to reduce the gap between the water price and the economic value of water), to modify the pricing system to differentiate the price of water for small, medium and large farms.

Establishing a local water market in the agricultural sector is a promising solution to increase the economic efficiency of water in the event of drought, water shortage, and reduced agricultural productions. With the opportunities created in the water market, farmers will rent and sell this scarce input by improving the methods of water supply management and will work to provide water that can be sold in the market. In addition to managing surface water resources, this reduces farmers' pressure to use groundwater resources. Due to the importance of this issue, in the present study, the economic effects of the formation of the local water market in the five regions of Tehran province under the conditions of drought, water shortage, and reduced crop production in Tehran province were evaluated. This work was done by using a combined economic model of Statewide Agricultural Production (SWAP), hydrological model of Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP), and related statistical data to the years 2013-2019. The results showed that with the establishment of the local water market and balancing agricultural water trade between the study basins of Tehran province, the negative consequences of drought in the use of available water resources are reduced by about 12/7 percent compared to the base period. In addition, the establishment of the local water market as a customary and legal institution in Tehran province, despite the transfer of surplus water resources from the eastern and northern basins (M1 and M2) to the southwestern basins of Tehran province (M3, M4, and M5), caused increasing the reliability of farmers' access to irrigated water and preventing the reduction of profitable crops (tomatoes, corn, watermelon, and sunflower) in optimal cropping patterns. Also, this structural institution by realizing the policy of sharing agricultural water resources and increasing the “profit to water ratio index” from 5/89 to 11/06 percent, reflects optimally allocates the issue of allocation and optimal management of water resources between different agricultural activities in the five basins of Tehran province. Finally, according to the positive and effective results of the local water market in the management of water resources and agriculture, the implementation of the preparations for its formation is proposed to the relevant authorities and organizations in Tehran province.

In recent years, inter-basin water transfer projects are one of the measures taken into consideration for the problem of water shortage in some parts of the country. Providing the required water resources for the downstream areas using such projects can affect the economy of the destination basin. In this study, the economic and social impacts on the destination basin are evaluated for the water supply project conveying water from Shahroud River to Qazvin plain. To achieve this goal, first using the cost-benefit ratio (CBR) method, the project was evaluated in terms of economical and financial profitability. Then, using the positive mathematical programming (PMP) method, the effects and consequences of this plan in the destination basin were analyzed. Data and information required for this study are related to crop years 2016-2017. The proposed planning model was solved in GAMS software. The results showed that the transfer of water from Shahrood river to Qazvin plain is economicaly feasible for discount rates of 5 to 20 percent. The economic value of each cubic meter of irrigation water is estimated as 3720 rials. The results of the economic model showed that after implementation of the water supply plan, the area under cultivation for profitable products such as sugar beet, tomatoes, corn, and alfalfa is increased and cultivated area of irrigated wheat, irrigated barley and canola is reduced. Also the total farmers’ gross profit increases is estimated as 6.34 to 11.5 percent after the implementation of the water transfer plan. Finally, considering the positive effects of implementing the water supply project, irrigation water pricing reform is recommended to the authorities and institutions in charge and development and continuation of cultivation of profitable products is recommended to farmers.

Assessing the potential effects of drought in agriculture and water resources management, as well as providing solutions to deal with it, is an important step in the development of agricultural activities. Therefore, in the present study the standardized precipitation index (SPI) to determine the different intensities of drought and its occurrence was used during the study period (2002-2018). Then, by using the Positive Mathematical Planning (PMP) model, the potential effects of drought on the cropping pattern and farmers' livelihoods of in the southern basin of Tehran province were analyzed. The required data are documentary and registered in the relevant government agencies which were collected in two sections, time series (2002-2018) and cross-section (2017-2018). The results showed that the probability of severe drought in the southern basin of Tehran province is about 6/25 percent. Decreasing the acrage of high consumption water products such as watermelon, corn, sunflower and increasing the acrage of wheat and barley are other obtained results under drought conditions in Tehran province. Decrease of 3/00 to 19/4 percent of farmers' gross profit and increase of 13/2 to 115/6 percent of the economic value of irrigation water are other consequences of this phenomenon under mild to severe intensities. According to the obtained results in this study, in order to reduce the risk of hydrological drought and farmers' exposure with this event in southern basin of Tehran province, in the first step it is recommended that the modification of optimal cropping patternin in order to reduce the acrage of water-filled products (such as sunflower and watermelon) and replace it with the acrage of products with higher profit to water ratio (such as corn and canola) be prioritized. In the next step, it is suggested that due to the elasticity of agricultural water input to price changes in the southern basin of Tehran province (ewater = -0/96), the correct implementation of water pricing policy in accordance with the trend of changes in the economic value of water input and observance of the principle equality consideration in drought conditions should be considered by the public sector.

in the present study evaluation of the effects of greenhouse gas emissions on the yield and cropping pattern of selected products in Tehran province were investigated. In order to assess the potential effects of drought, global warming and the establishment of local or regional water markets. To achieve this goal, first using general circulation models (GCM) the effects of greenhouse gases on the average climatic variables of temperature and precipitation under the emission scenarios A1B, A2 and B1 were investigated. This was done with the help of GCM/RCM data system and LARS-WG microscale model. Then, using econometric approach and regression analysis, the effects of climatic variables of temperature and precipitation on the average yield of selected products were evaluated. A positive mathematical programming (PMP) model to investigate changes of products yields on cropping patterns was used. The results showed that the behavior of climatic variables of temperature and precipitation during the future periods in Tehran province compared to the base period will increase (0/27 to 3/75 °c) and decrease (0/63 to 41/1 mm) respectively. Increasing the farmers’ desire to develop the acreage of irrigated wheat, corn and canola and reducing the acreage of irrigated barley, tomato, watermelon and sunflower in the cropping patterns of of Tehran province is an important result of application of integrated climate scenario (2 °c increase in temperature and 20 mm decrease in precipitation) in this study. Under the terms of climate change occurrence, watermelon and sunflower with the most decreasing changes in yield (13/1 and 17/7 %) and acreage (68/8 and 31/9 %) as the most sensitive products in cropping pattern of Tehran province were identified. Therefore, planning to reduce or develop the their acrage in the cropping pattern of Tehran province is recommended to farmers and relevant officials in the agricultural sector during future periods.

Relatively good income, short period of cultivation and limited water requirement of saffron, farmers of Qazvin Plain made intend to cultivation of this product in their fertile lands in recent years. For this purpose, in present study the effects of increase acreage of saffron on cropping pattern, farmers' gross profit and the consumption of inputs were investigated. To achieve this goal, from Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) model and product function with Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) were used. The required data are related to years 2012-2013 that by completing the questionnaires from 127 sample farmers were collected. The results showed that with the arrival of saffron to the current pattern of representative farms, cropping pattern changes in site reducing the acreage of products with more cost and higher water requirement such as corn, sugar beet and canola in small farms (from -1/78 to-13/9 percent), medium farms (from -4/92 to-14/1 percent) and large farms (from -7/05 to-16/4 percent). In this regard the farmers with large farms experiences the most changes in the current cropping pattern.

Hydrological drought is a phenomenon that occurs due to the reduction of surface water and groundwater resources supply. Because of the dependence of the agricultural sector to soil moisture storage, it primarily affects this sector. Therefore, the analysis of the effects of this phenomenon is important for the better management and planning of water resources available in the agricultural sector. Theeffects of hydrological drought arising from reducing the supply of water resources on agricultural situation, water consumptions and farmers' gross profit in Tehran province were evaluated. For this purpose from Multi Period Positive Mathematical Programming and statistical information related to period 2013-2018 wereused. The results showed that the current cropping pattern in Tehran province is not optimal and with occurrence of hydrological drought, farmers’ tend decreases for the water-full crops such as watermelon, tomato and sunflower. In addition, the results showed that in the hydrological drought conditions, about 9.13 percent of agricultural water demand in Tehran province will not provided. This will change the pattern of cultivation inthe region. Reduction in the farmers' gross margin amunt 7.28 percent and increase in the economic value of irrigation water amunt 38.2 percent compared to the base period are other consequences the occurrence of hydrological drought in Tehran province. Overall, the results indicate that with the occurrence of drought, the cropping pattern toward products with lower water requirements and higher profits, but for tomato and corn products (despite the high water requirement) due to integrated farming in region reducing acreage is less visible.

In this study using panel dataset (combining the time series data related to the climatic variables of rainfall during 1986-2016 and the cross sectional data related to the base year 2015-2016) the comprehensive biophysical-economic modeling of climate and agriculture in Roodshour watershed basin was studied. In order to achieve the applied results, modeling is done by combining two parts of the biophysical (the products yield estimation model) and the economic (positive mathematical programming model) under mild, moderate and severe testing scenarios and with advanced programming in the GAMS 24.7 software environment. The results show that after year 2001, behavioral pattern of rainfall climate variable was accompanied with a decreasing trend in the Roodeshoor basin. With occurrence of the climate change resulting from rainfall reduction under mild, medium and intense scenarios, the available water resources decreased 5/75 to 13/8 percent, agricultural products decreased 3/60 to 8/54 percent and farmers' gross profit decreased 2/71 to 8/04 percent. But the economic value of irrigation water increases 5/13 to 12/7 percent ratio to base year. Finally, in order to protection of the water resources in the Roodeshoor basin and coping with the effects of climate change, Redetermination of the rate of water charge to farmers on the basis of equality consideration, fallow-lands and equipping farms to modern irrigation systems were proposed.

using mathematical programming models for determining appropriate cropping patterns has recently attracted a lot of attention. The agricultural sector is one of the most important and powerful economic sectors of the country. In the last ten years, its contribution to gross domestic product has been around 18% on average. The method of linear programming has been widely used in the fields of land allocation and determination of optimal cultivars since the 1960s. The purpose of linear programming is to maximize or minimize the objective function by considering a number of constraints and decision variables simultaneously. Fuzzy scheduling allows decision-makers to interfere with non-explicit data and data parameters in models. Compared to other models of math planning, it is more applicable and more flexible to be used in optimization problems and in determining the optimum crop cultivation patterns. Moreover, the results are more reliable (Rastegaripour and Sabouhi, 2009). Mir Karimi et al. (2016) investigated the optimal cultivar pattern in the city of Amol using the ideal planning and taking into account the goals of reducing fertilizer use by seven percent. Their results showed a one-percent reduction in pesticides to protect the environment and a reduction of 93% of water use for the conservation of scarce water resources and sustainable agricultural development. In this study, a fuzzy utopian planning model with three equal weight patterns, different weights, a decreasing weight and an incremental weight for ideals and water resource constraints are designed, taking into account environmental and economic objectives. The main objective of this research is to optimize water and land resources in Hamadan province. First, we introduced a weighted fuzzy goal programming model (WFGP). Using this model, optimum cultivating model for farmers in Hamadan was determined, considering their income goals, environmental goals and sustainability of water resources of the region. Subsequently, the allocation between irrigation water inputs and land surface was calculated considering equal weights, different weights and different decreasing weights for the desired goals.

Sugar beet is one of strategic products in the crop rotation of Qazvin plain which is endanger of natural, human, and intentional hazards. In this regard, the product yield insurance plan, as an efficient economic strategy in risk management, can protect beet farmers against incurred damages. Given the importance of this issue, in this study, the rate of Qazvin plain farmers participation in sugar beet yield insurance plan under premium rate policy was analyzed. For this purpose, an econometric modeling system based on the multi-period positive mathematical programming (MP-PMP) model and exogenous price elasticity (EPE) approach was used. The required data were from time series (1999-2017) and cross-sectional (2016-2017) that were collected through documentary data and questionnaires from 138 farmers. Results showed that with participation of small, medium, and large beneficiary groups in the yield insurance plan, an increase in sugar beet planting area by 56.9, 61.6, and 71.3% and the gross profit of cropping pattern of 10.3, 12.1 and 14.4% were recorded, respectively compared with non-participation condition. In addition, with 50-70% reduction in government support of premium rate only large beneficiary sample were interested to participate in sugar beet yield insurance plan. Under these conditions, sample beneficiary of small and medium groups will be excluded from the plan and may be skeptical of sugar beet production which in inconsistent with the objectives set out in government programs.

The regional water markets as economic instruments, promote the development of decentralization and optimal allocation of water resources among farmers. For this purpose, in present study the formation effects of regional water markets in Sistan region were investigated and the potential of irrigation water transfer under stress irrigation conditions in region were analyzed. For this purpose, from the economic- hydrologic modeling system comprising of positive mathematical programming (PMP) model and with constant elasticity of substitution (CES) production function approach was used. The data and information required in this research are cross-sectional and related to the 2015-2016 crops which were collected by referring to the relevant authorities in Sistan region. The presented economic- hydrologic modeling system in the GAMS 24.7 software was solved. The results showed that with establishment of the regional water markets in Sistan region; in addition, creation the balance between supply and demand of irrigation water and equilibrate the water trading between the studied regions, increases the acrage of wheat and barley and decreases the acrage of alfalfa, onion, watermelon and melon relative to the lack of water market conditions. This result provides the possibility of lands development up to 23.4 percent compared to the base year conditions. The farmers’ total net profits of Sistan are improving under conditions of establishment of regional water markets also and changes from 22039 to 23242 million rials.

Climate change is a phenomenon that effects on the agriculture part through direct and indirect affects i.e. temperature, precipitation changes. Therefore, in this study the effects of climate change prematurity on agricultural production and farmer's income situation at the regional level and in down lands of Taleghan dam was studied. First the behavioral pattern of temperature and precipitation climate variables during 1991-2016 years was investigated. Then by using the econometric methods the effects of above variables on the selected products yield of down lands of Taleghan dam were investigated. Then, by entering the results of regression analysis in the multi-period positive mathematical programming model with approaching the Trendstandel cost function the effects of two degree increase in temperature and fifteen millimeter decrease in rainfall scenario on the agricultural production and farmer's income situation of down lands of Taleghan dam were analyzed. The results showed that the yield of water barley, corn, sugar beet and alfalfa increases 14/9, 19/1, 17/4 and 13/0 percent and the yield of water wheat, tomatoes and canola decreases 21/4, 16/5 and 26/2 percent respectively, after applying the above combination scenarios. Also, the farmer's total gross profit decreases 5/16 percent compared to the base year and arrives from 9208 to 8733 million rials. Finally due to prematurity of climate change in regional planning, to increase agricultural production in down lands of Taleghan dam it was proposed that the first be considered the performance improve operating in per unit area (considering the positive effects of climate change on the yield of selected products) and development the under cultivation of crops such as corn, beet and alfalfa be placed at the next priority.

Paddy yields in Alamout region have been declined due to Chilo Suppressalis Walker pest. Slybyt scheme has been launched by government to overcome this problem. Since the success of the project mainly depends on farmers, participation, this study aims modeling farmer participation to the rice Slybyt scheme in the region and its effects on the cropping pattern and farmers’ gross profit. To this end, Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) and the Maximum Entropy (ML) approach were used. Data collected from a sample of 136 farmers in 2012- 2013 by questionnaires using the Stratified Random Sampling method. The results showed that in both Eastern and Western part of the region, farmer's participation in the Slybyt scheme increases the rice yield relative to the base year while the rate of increase was different in relation to farm size. The result showed that the acreage of irrigated wheat, irrigated barley and beans decreased while the acreage of rice ,grass pea ,vetch and garlic increased. Also increase in farmers, gross margin from 4.78 to 13.09 percent relative to the base year was other consequence of farmer's participation in the Slybyt rice project.

In the present study first the behavioral patterns of precipitation climatic variable in period 1985-2014 in Kharrood watershed was investigated. Then, to analysis effects of climate change resulting from reduced rainfall under different scenarios mild, moderate and severe on hydrological (available water resources and economic value of irrigation water) and economic (agricultural products and farmers’ gross profit) variables from a biophysical- economic modeling system was used. Above modeling system includes the products yield function based on rainfall (biophysical part of model) and positive mathematical programming approach (economic part of model) that was solved in consecutive three stages and in the GAMS 24.1 software. The required data by the rain gauge stations and the relevant agencies in Qazvin province were collected. Behavioral pattern of precipitation showed that this climate variable was reduced in Kharrood watershed after year 2001. The results of proposed model showed that climate change resulting from reduced rainfall under mild to severe scenarios decreases the available water resources 11/3 to 23/0 %, increases the economic value of irrigation water 7/08 to 15/22 %, decreases the total acreage of water crops 5/14 to 16/39 % and decreases the farmers’ gross profit 6/58 to 13/41 % compared to the base year. The highest decrease of the available water resources in Kharrod watershed under severe scenarios and at a rate of 15/29 million cubic meters was obtained. Finally, use of deficit irrigation techniques, determination the rate of water charge to farmers on the basis of equality consideration, fallow-lands and providing financing convenience to farmers for farms outfit to new irrigation system to contrast with the effects of climate change and protection of water resources in this watershed were proposed.

The main objective of the present study was determination of the economic value of irrigation water and simulation of the farmers’ behavior in response to reducing available water resources policy in Takestan Township, in Qazvin province. To achieve this goal, we used the positive mathematical programming (PMP) method and state wide agricultural production (SWAP) functions. First, the economic value of irrigation water in the studied township was determined. Then, framer's response to the scenarios of 5%, 10%, 20% and 30 percent reduction in available water resources was investigated. The required data belonged to crop year 2013-2014. To solve the presented experimental, software GAMS Version 24/1 was used. After solving the model, the economic value of irrigation water in Takestan Township was calculated at 1690 Rial. The results showed that there was huge difference between the economic value of irrigation water and water charge rates in this township. In addition, the results showed that with reduction in irrigation water availability in Qazvin, economic value of irrigation water increases and farmer's gross profit decreases. Finally, in order to avoid the indiscriminate use of water in agriculture sector, it is recommended to determine water charge for farmers of Takestan Township according to trend of changes in economic value and considering equity.

Increasing the emissions of greenhouse gases is among the factors affected the speed of occurrence of climate change during recent decades. In present study, first using time series data of 2006-2012 and RCM-PRECIS simulation model, the impacts of greenhouse gases emission on climatic variables of temperature and precipitation was investigated under different scenarios in watersheds of Qazvin Province. Then, the ordinary least squares (OLS) method and regression analysis were used to assess the impacts of climatic variables of temperature and precipitation on the selected products yield. Afterwards,considering the results of regression analysis in positive mathematical programing (PMP) model, the amount of the created variation in supply and demand of irrigation water and agricultural output in watersheds of Qazvin Province was investigated. The results showed that emission of greenhouse gases under scenarios A, B, and C affects the climatic variables of temperature and precipitation about 0.43 to 1.27 °C and -14.1 to 1.31 mm respectively. This case changes the selected products yield in the surface of each river basin of Qazvin Province. Change in yield affects acreage of agricultural crops by about -10.51 to 3.17 percent, the amount of irrigation water supply by about -10.4 to 1.64 percent, and the amount of irrigation water demand by about 1.60 to 7.35 percent. Moreover, the results showed that maximum and minimum decrease in the gap between supply and demand of irrigation water happens in Kharroud and Shahroud watersheds by about 9.20 and 1.82 percent respectively. With estimating the gap between demand and supply of irrigation water, one can adopt the appropriate decisions for sustainable water resources in watersheds of Qazvin Province.

In the present study first the behavioral patterns of precipitation climatic variable were investigated during years 1985-2013 in the watersheds of Shahrood. Then, a biophysical- economic modeling system was used to analyse the effects of climate change resulting from reduced rainfall on available water resources, agricultural products and economic indicators of gross profit and water value under different scenarios (mild, medium, and intense climate change). The modeling system includes the products yield function based on rainfall (biophysical part of model) and positive mathematical programming approach (economic part of model) that was solved in consecutive three stages and in the GAMS software. The behavioral pattern of precipitation showed that this climate variable was reduced in the watersheds of Shahrood after year 2006. The results of proposed model also showed that with occurrence the climate change resulting from reduced rainfall the available water resources, total acreage of water crops and farmer's gross profit decrease and economic value of irrigation water increase in watersheds of Shahrood. The highest reduction in available water resources was the amount of 30.03 million cubic meters that was achieved under intense climate change scenario. Finally, utilizing deficit irrigation techniques, determination the rate of water charge to farmers on the basis of equality consideration, providing financing convenience to farmers for farms outfit to new irrigation system and fallow-lands was proposed to contrast with the effects of climate change resulting from reduced rainfall and protection of water resources in the region.

According to the importance of this issue in present study first using of time series data of years 2006-2012 and RCM-PRECIS simulation model the impacts of greenhouse gases emission on climatic variables temperature and precipitation under different scenarios in watersheds of Qazvin province was investigated. Then, in order to assess the impacts of climatic variables temperature and precipitation on selected products yield from ordinary least squares (OLS) method and regression analysis was used. In followed, by consider the result of regression analysis in positive mathematical programing (PMP) model the amount of the created variation in supply and demand of irrigation water and agricultural output in watersheds of Qazvin province was investigated. The results showed that emission of greenhouse gases under scenarios A, B and C affects the climatic variables temperature and precipitation about 0/43 to 1/27 °C and -14/1 to 1/31 mm. This case changes selected products yield in the surface of each river basin of Qazvin province. Change in yield affects acreage of agricultural crops about -10/51 to 3/17 percent, the amount of irrigation water supply about -10/4 to 1/64 percent and the amount of irrigation water demand about 1/60 to 7/35 percent. Also, the results showed that maximum and minimum decrease in the gap between supply and demand of irrigation water happens in Kharroud and Shahroud watersheds and about 9/20 and 1/82 percent.

In present study the formation effects of local and regional water markets in Tehran province were investigated and the potential of water transfer under water scarcity conditions in this province were analyzed. For this purpose, an economic modeling including positive mathematical programming (PMP) model and state wide agricultural production (SWAP) functions were used. The results showed that with establishment of the local and regional water markets in Tehran province; in addition to creation the balance between supply and demand of irrigation water and equilibrate the water trading between the studied regions, total irrigated lands 7/41% and total farmers’ gross profit 9/27% are increased. Finally, due to the supportive and constructive role of local and regional water markets, providing the required grounds to establishment and optimal use of this type of mechanism in Tehran province and other regions of the country where have shared water resources are suggested.