فهرست مطالب yadollah dehghan

Since the beginning of the Syrian crisis in 2011 so far,Many analysts consider this crisis as a result of a conspiracy from outside this country that by America and Britain and their regional allies, Israel and Saudi plan has been implemented. But despite driven out of crisis ,Existence some social gaps in Syrian society Such as ethnic and religious gaps in the form of internalgroup conflict Shiite - Sunni and outgroup Kurdish - Arabic expression had Affected in Increased range of crisis and faster growth of radical groups. The main question is that the social gaps in Syria Especially ethnic and religious gaps how effect on the formation and growth of radicalism in this country? assumption of this article is It seams There are two major ethnic and religious gap in Syria and State's inability to manage them and Extensive involvement of foreign Causing a sharp rise in the country's level of conflict and social unrest.So at the beginning of the crisis in 2011and The massive influx of foreign insurgents into the country,Religious Ethnic gaps have also been extremely active and was an influence on the growth of radical groups.

The Syria crisis is passing through its sixth year and during these years several theories have been given to explain the causes of this crisis. One of these theories considers the existence of wide and extensive ethnic and religious differences and conflicts which shows itself in intergroup (Shiite-Sunni) and outer group (Kurdish-Arabic) differences. The present paper wants to examine how the existence of ethnic and religious differences has led to the growth of radicalism in Syria? The underlying hypothesis is that the existence of extensive ethnic and religious differences in Syria and the inability of the government to manage them have led to an increase in the level of conflict and social discontent. These differences and conflicts have become sharper and deeper after Syria got its independence from France (1946) and then the rise of Baath Party (1963) and subsequently the domination of Alawites on the Syrian government (1970). Eventually these ethnic and religious differences led to hostility and formation of radical groups against the government in Syria.

Now almost five years have passed since the beginning of the crisis in Syria And in all these years different ideas and theories about the causes of the crisis in this country have been raised. This article argues that among other things one main factor is the social polarization and ethnic-religious Gap in the Syrian society which is manifested in the conflict between Shiite - Sunni and also Kurds and Arabs.
The main question is that how this social gaps in Syria Especially ethnic and religious gaps affected the formation and growth of radicalism in this country? And the assumption of this article is that the State's inability to manage gap, and then the extensive involvement of foreign factors contributed to a sharp rise in the country's level of conflict and social unrest. So the existence of the gap on one hand and the massive influx of foreign insurgents into the country on other hand can be seen as two main reasons for escalation of conflict in Syria.

Now almost five years have passed since the beginning of the crisis in Syria And in all these years different ideas and theories about the causes of the crisis have been raised in this country. One of the things that the causes of the crisis in Syria must be considered is the social gaps that The most important religious and ethnic gaps are gaps in the form of internal conflict Shiite - Sunni and Kurdish outgroup - Arabic for discussion.The method used in this research is qualitative analytical-based approach. The main question is that the social gaps in Syria Especially ethnic and religious gaps have no effect on the formation and growth of radicalism in this country? The findings also suggest that appear Two major ethnic and religious gaps in Syria and the government's inability to manage them Causing intense level of conflict and social unrest in the country. Although the bulk of these conflicts and grievances were against the government in Alawite Arabic Syria, But the proper response of the government was not facing this country, This social gap that finally lead to the formation and growth of hostility towards radical antigovernment groups were in Syria.

The political and economic relations of Iraqi Kurdistan and Turkey have an increasing trend in recent years. Turkey unlike her hard stand on Iraqi Kurdistan in the past is now trying to expand her influence in the region in every possible way. Of course this attraction and tendency of Iraqi Kurdistan towards Turkey have been strengthened and in recent years due to several determinants like having common borders, the question of Kurds, religious questions, the issue of energy, economic and transit issues are among the most important factors in establishing close ties among Iran, Turkey and Iraqi Kurdistan. On the other hand the question of unrest in Syria, the activities of parties and groups like PKK and close relations of Turkey with Iraqi Kurdistan and the United States, the spread of influence of Israel in Turkey, attempts by the Kurds to gain total independence etc. are among the negative factors affecting the relations of Iran with Turkey and Iraqi Kurdistan. The methodology used by the paper is qualitative based on descriptive-analytical approach. Based on library material, the required information and data are gathered and analyzed by two methods, thematic method and content analysis of library and internet sources. The main question raised by the paper is what has been the impact of expansion of political and economic relations of Iraqi Kurdistan with Turkey on foreign policy and interests of Islamic Republic of Iran in the region? The underlying hypothesis is that taking into consideration the positions of Turkey in the region and also Iraqi Kurdistan approach in recent years, the expansion of relations of the two leads to distancing of Iran from the region in political and economic fields and as a result the interests of Iran is jeopardized. The finding of the study shows that Turkey in recent years has extensively influenced in Iraqi Kurdistan. Today Turkey is the biggest economic investor in Iraqi Kurdistan. In political field also Turkey has greatly influenced in the region and this has led to closer ties with Iraq Kurdistan and Iran is lagging behind in this regard which cause a threat to Iran’s interests in Iraqi Kurdistan.

In recent years India has progressed and developed considerably in different fields especially in economic and military aspects. India is also located in a sensitive and strategic location in South Asia. It is proximate to China, Iran and Pakistan and therefore has attracted the attention of international actors especially Israel. For the above reasons and the suitable place of India in the region Israel in recent years has tried to expand her relations with India in every possible way. In this way by her presence and influence in India achieve her long term political and military objectives in the region. The methodology used in this paper is qualitative based on descriptive analytical approach. The data and information for the paper have been collected from library sources, internet sources and other related research based on both thematic and content analysis method. The main question in this study is what is the effect of strategic relations of India with Israel on interest of Islamic Republic of Iran? The hypothesis of the study is the increase of relationship between India and Israel in recent years has jeopardized national interest of Iran in the region in political, economic and military aspect especially on bilateral relations of Iran and India. The finding of the study shows that in recent years the relations between India and Israel have been increasing and the topic of these cooperation pertains to scientific and technological field, military, sale of defense equipment, espionage satellites. As a result India has become a suitable base in the region for the presence of Israeli forces. Therefore, the expansion of relations between India and Israel has led to creation of a distance between India and Iran and an obstacle on close relations between the two. On the whole the relations of India with Israel in different fields like economy, political relations and technology is against the national interests of Islamic Republic of Iran in the region.