جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « فرش دستباف » در نشریات گروه « هنر و معماری »

both The art of keeping it all in the And increase staff productivity The art of imitation by competitors is Model is based on industrial cluster. The aim of this study is That with the study of participants perceptions and beliefs To identify barriers factors to the formation of industrial clusters should Khorasan Carpet. In this study, Q methodology was used as an integrated approach. Participants in this study is 10 cases of managers, and producers of Khorasan Carpet. Were positively associated with research. This discourse space Have been collected from various sources After evaluating and summarizing the discussion Among the 134 Meter 52 For example, the following SQL statements (batch Q) The opinions of experts were. After collecting data from SQL sorting The data were analyzed using Q factor analysis. Distribution analysis showed that Paradigm can be 3 Distinct (Lack of appropriate infrastructure support and Lack of support and supplementary units, Terms weavers) Participants in the study Barriers to the formation of industrial clusters in North Khorasan Carpet Identified Approximately 62.8% of the total Of the total variance explained. Importance and priority barriers identified Patterns were obtained in based on subjective pattern and finally proposed some ways for omitting Identified pattern In order to implement the model of industrial clusters in the carpet industry

In the sociology of art, by looking at artworks from the outside important aspects of their production, distribution and reception are revealed. In the other hand, one of the best methods to study various subjects related to cultural productions is to study how they are represented in the media and cinema. Cinema is the most important art of the contemporary world that in which the reflections of many cultural and social issues can be studied. Thus, by studying the method of reflecting the sociological dimensions of the Persian carpet phenomenon in the art of cinema, it is possible to achieve a true recognition of the situation and status of handmade carpets in the cultural and social spheres of contemporary Iran. The purpose of this paper is to study how the sociological dimensions of handmade carpets were represented in the movie "Persian Carpet", which was made in 2006 as a collection of 15 short films by 15 prominent Iranian filmmakers. The main purpose of this research was to know the image and composition that was reflected in the sociological dimensions of Persian handmade carpets in the film "Iranian Carpet" as an outstanding film in this field. Research is based on theoretical opinions of Victoria Alexander (Cultural Diamond) and Nathalie Heinich (Mediation) and the methods of data collection were observing the mentioned film, and studying the printed texts and also Internet. The type of research is descriptive-analytical and the method of analysis is qualitative. The results obtained in this study showed that the sociological aspects of hand-woven carpets were not adequately represented in this film and only in four of the 15 episodes, a good emphasis was observed on this field.  In contrast, there was observed a lot of attention to the aesthetical attractions as well as cultural and identity dimensions of handmade carpets. Moreover, in four films focusing on sociological issues, while all four elements including production, mediation, distribution and consumption have received necessary emphasis, more attention was paid to the field of production and mediation, and less attention was paid to the field of distribution and consumption. Finally, in the field of consumption, the focus was on global consumption.

The important foundation of Iranian art are derived from a religious culture and based on the studies conducted by elders and experts in this field, It can be said that this culture is in accordance with the principles of Islamic aesthetics. Studies that are still ongoing and many Iranian and foreign theorists are of the opinion that Iranian culture accepted Islamic principles when it saw them in accordance with its own culture. Including monotheism and
On the other hand, it should be known that the culture of each land flows deep into the lives of its people, including the art of that region. In the following, unconsciously it is noticed that Iranian arts, in many cases, have common concepts that exist in most Iranian- Islamic arts. Although these common features are less mentioned, they are also shown in the art of carpets.
Carpets weaving, which is the most popular and native urban, nomadic and rural art, has a definite relationship even with music. For further explanation, it should be remembered that the principle of Islamic aesthetics, is based on repetition, and music, in its simplest form, is a kind of repetition of sound with different moods.  What is obvious in Iranian carpets is the repetition of motifs with different degrees that make up the design. Paying attention to these points together increases the desire to find the rule of repetition in the existence of any interested person. Because trying to understand an artistic concept always means the desire to participate in the world created by the artist and the current research is also an effort to discover symbolic concepts and of course it is only ban opening towards the infinite horizon of hidden meanings in Iranian artworks.
With this description, it can be said that the presence of the rule of repetition in the carpet indicates the fusion of the carpet design pattern with the principle of rhythm.  It is obvious that this fusion exists in the design of all Iranian carpets and even outside the borders-regardless of the issue of their imitation of Iranian carpet design- including his competitors. But in this article, only some carpets of Kerman region (from the mentioned point of view) are examined.
Therefore, according to the mentioned cases, the present research has tried to analyze and evaluate the studyable examples of Kerman carpets, which are adornment of various museums today, from the point of artistic rhythm.
The data of this research, which was collected based on the library method, and analyzed method, has introduced  the types of rhythm in these carpets, relying on case examples.
Finally, the obtained results indicated that the designers have drawn motifs on a platform that draws the attention of the audience to the deep world of nature, considering the dynamic points and repetition criteria as one of the main bases and the understanding of these aesthetic values, including the principle of rhythm, evokes the existence of a superior force in his mind.
And finally, repetition and repetition is not only boring, but along with the two characteristics of symmetry and contrast, it is one of the characteristics of iranin art that the has found a strong presence in carpets and music.

The present article, intends to investigate the extent of changes in the traditions and the original features of the design, the motif and color of the handmade carpet in Mashhad region. Also, this study investigates the factors influencing the developments in handmade carpet concerning f traditionalism and untraditionalism. In this regard, the main aim of the present study to find the answer to the following questions: What is the contrast between tradition and modernity in the design, motif and color of Mashhad 's handmade carpet? What are the developments made by the modernity wave in motifs and colors of Mashhad 's handmade carpet? What are the strengths and weaknesses caused by modernity on the dominant traditions of motif and color of Mashhad 's handmade carpet? The method of research in this study is descriptive, analytical, and comparative. In order to gain better results, information and samples from Mashhad's carpet have been selected in the form of library and field methods from three periods of Qajar, Pahlavi and contemporary. Using the comparative method of design and motif of each of the three periods in relation to each other, the extent of adherence and lack of adherence to the preservation of carpet traditions in this field is determined. lso, by investigating the course of evolution and development of the design, we can determine the motif and color of Mashhad's carpet and the way the consumers’ tastes have . The results show that the urban carpet in Mashhad has undergone the slightest changes in the original features of its carpet up to now and has tried to continue almost the same style and traditional style.

The spread of the corona virus and its epidemic is a crisis that has spread around the world. Due to the highly contagious and deadly nature of this disease, it has created limitations in people's daily lives. This crisis is tangible in the economic, social and political spheres. Sociologists and psychologists form studies and research in all these dimensions according to their expertise. One of the dimensions that created change in the field is the field of culture and art. The impact of the Corona crisis on the way of life, beliefs, emotional structure, identities and social and cultural values of the Iranian people has undergone serious changes, which has led to the closure of religious and cultural sites, exhibitions, galleries and museums, etc. Production has affected and limited the consumption of art. This issue has many consequences in the world of art consumption. It has created positive and negative effects on the lives, purchases and behavior of consumers. In the meantime, it is expected that Iranian carpets in their various forms as a cultural commodity affected by changes in society have accepted changes in various forms. Carpet consumption is a time consuming phenomenon that reaches the audience and consumers after going through some steps. The effects and consequences of this phenomenon on carpet consumption will become apparent after the medium term. Now, the main issue of the present study is that what effect has the corona phenomenon with the completion of the mentioned dimensions in the field of carpet consumption in Iran? How is the assessment of carpet consumption in the Corona and post-Corona eras? The purpose of this study is to study the effects of corona pandemic in different dimensions of Iranian hand-woven carpets with emphasis on the field of consumption and collection, formulation and presentation of solutions based on the opinions of experts in this field.

Handmade carpet as an art-industry is one of the most widely used handicrafts in Iran. Despite its historical background and antiquity, handmade carpets need extensive research in terms of thematic and content knowledge, especially with a scientific perspective. Paying special attention to the perceptual and attitudinal factors of handmade carpet customers can be a great help in the production and marketing of this original art. Therefore, the purpose of study is to investigate and analyze the role of the three factors of trust, price awareness and homogeneity intention on the perceived risk in buying Kerman handmade carpets and the effect of this risk on the attitude and intention to buy. The statistical population of the study was all customers of Kerman handmade carpets that 100 of them were selected as the sample by in-access sampling method. The research data has been collected using library and internet resources in the theoretical section and standard questionnaires in the survey section. Reliability and validity of the questionnaires are confirmed based on Cronbach's alpha, Combined Reliability (CR) and AVE. To analyze the data in the descriptive part, SPSS software and in the inferential part to test the model and hypotheses by structural equation modeling (SEM) with a partial least squares approach, Smart PLS2 software has been used. The research findings showed that based on the fitting indices, the research model has a suitable and relatively good fitness. The results also showed that perceived risk affects the customers' attitude and intention to buy at 0.36 and 0.27, respectively. Also, the customers' attitude is 0.43 effective on the intention to buy. Based on the results, among the three factors affecting the reduction of customers' perceived risk, trust had the greatest decreasing effect at 0.49 and then price awareness (0.27), and the decreasing effect of the homogeneity intention on perceived risk was not significant.

Carpets are the most important non-oil export goods in the country. However, due to the sanctions, new conditions have been created for Iran and the industry has undergone changes, losing some of its markets and the possibility of exporting has become more limited. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the choice of Iranchr('39')s export market for handwoven carpets. In this regard, after identifying the effective criteria for selecting the target market for Iranian handwoven carpets using the Likert range, the criteria of lesser importance are eliminated using Friedmanchr('39')s method. Then, using the fuzzy Dematel technique, the effectiveness and interaction of the criteria are calculated and finally the factors influencing the choice of the target market for the export of handwoven carpets are determined. The results of this study showed that the factors of legal environment, legal registration of Iranian names and plans, GDP, target market tastes, export through bank LC and expected quality are the most influential factors on others, respectively.

Today, increasing competition in the business environment is increasingly encouraging organizations to deliver quality products based on customer demands. In the meantime, the carpet industry is no exception to this one as one of the oldest Iranian industries. In recent years, the focus has been on meeting the demands of customers and more orbital ones. One of the methods for accurately identifying customers' expectations is the method of quality function deployment. In this regard, the present research seeks to identify and apply the views and wishes of customers in the design of handmade carpets in order to adapt to their interests and needs. To determine the expectations and demands of customers and identify the design and engineering requirements of the decision team which includes 12 experts and experts in the field of marketing and sales, design and carpet engineering with a minimum of 15 years of work experience. Then, by using the fuzzy hierarchy process analysis technique, the preference criteria were determined. After completing the matrices of the house of quality, the results indicate that the demand was not like sarkaji and coordination of carpet colors, is most important. Also, the product design matrix output showed that standard Warp fluff and standard Warp sleave great importance. In addition, operations of knotting and carpet payment are the most important operations that companies must pay special attention to in order to increase customer satisfaction from handmade carpets.

Fars province is one of the most important centers for producing handmade carpets in Iran. The handmade carpets of this province, according to the divisions in the nomadic sector, generally include the three Qashqai, Lor and Khamseh tribes. And Khamseh consists of five tribes: Arab, Baseri, Ina Lu, Baharlu and Nafar, which are scattered from north to south of the province in different urban and rural areas. This makes Fars province have a special place as one of the valuable regions of carpet weaving in Iran and exporter of carpets and rugs.The Carpet weaving in the villages and tribes of this province form part of the essentials of women's lives.Usually, the preparation of raw materials such as wool for weaving was provided by each family based on the number of livestock And the better the family was financially and the more girls weaver, the bigger the black tent and the more weaves it naturally had. Since the nomads were constantly migrating and traveling, their weaves were small and did not exceed 6 meters for easier transportation. However, the same opening and closing of the frame and carpet during the migration, would also lead to skewing in the weaves. This research is aimed at discovering  events and memories that occur in the process of production, wool, and the provision of raw materials, weave and restoration of Persian carpet by oral history.Oral history is in fact a consciously dialogue between two people about the dimensions of past events, both of which have historic significance and recorded to become a document and its durability. Oral history, as a research method from the beginning to the end, involves numerous, long, and timely stages. Which, if it meets its standards, will have tremendous results .According to the findings, the lack of attention to the oral history of hand-woven carpets in different regions of Iran has led to the isolation and non-transmission of science in this art-industry. And perhaps one of the reasons for the decline of carpet weaving and weavers turning to non-native patterns, was the lack of attention to oral history and carpet weaving history of each region and also the lack of attention to the experience and knowledge of weavers who had the largest share in producing this product. Therefore, recording oral history in any scientific field will create value and change in the existing tradition and establish scientific and cultural communication between generations. And its purpose is merely to record the lost historical documents, such as memories, experiences, and knowledge of people directly related to the topic in question. This process, in this research, was conducted through interviewing and away from any interference with and application of the researcher's personal views, merely to record the memories of individuals.In this qualitative research, Semi-structured interview tool was interviewed with 33 factors of rural and nomadic carpet Fars. Sampling method was selected as snowball or incremental and sample size based on theoretical saturation.As it is claimed, in Fars province, weaving was done in a completely decentralized manner, and this has led to more creativity and variety in weaving. But in the research conducted by Dr. Parham, 11 100-year-old carpets have been found that have been woven in the form of a workshop that was set up by 2 Qashqai khans between Khangasht and Deh Bid Fars. Also, Ordobadi factory, managed by Mr. Ebrahim Gharbi, which produced 150-140 machines for the production of large cloth carpets and was established until 1310, along with several other reasons mentioned in the text, is evidence of the rejection of this claim.In the past, among the nomads, they used their weaves as much as possible, and whenever the capacity of the carpets decreased, they used it for other purposes. For example, a carpet with worn lint was either spread out on the side of the stove or used as a bag for the feed of smaller and weaker animals. If there was a problem during and after weaving for newer carpets, they would repare  it with their own creativity and the like-mindedness of those around them, or eventually sell it. Later, about 50 years ago, reparings people  in the Vakil market learned the art and repaired problematic carpets purchased from nomads.

Customer satisfaction is essential for the survival of the organization. In recent years, Iranchr('39')s hand woven carpet market has been occupied by rivals. This position is due to the lack of attention to customer satisfaction; hence, in this research, the identification and prioritization of the effective factors on the satisfaction of hand woven carpets customers is discussed. This research is done in two stages. In the first step, Delphi was used and in the second step, the Topsis method was used. The statistical population of this research in the first stage is handmade carpet experts and in the second step is hand carpet customers in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. The first sample size is 15 people and the second sample size is 400 people using the Morgan table. The results of the research showed that the factors affecting the satisfaction of handmade carpets customers classified into 9 categories that are pre-sale, sales, after sales services, quality features, process characteristics, distribution system, economics, valuation, and artistic features. By using the Topsis method, the characteristics of the arts are all the more important and, in comparison with the whole of the factors, the component of the originality of the carpet is all the more important. As a result, it is proposed to work to preserve the originality of the handmade carpet, through the design and production of original carpets in accordance with the needs of todaychr('39')s customer and the prediction of its future needs.

For a long time, the handmade carpet of the Markazi province, especially the Sarouq brand, With A few hundred years old has been recognized as one of the symbols of Iranian art and culture in Iran and has played an important role in employment, non-oil exports and the Introducing the province art. Unfortunately, in the last decade, the provincechr('39')s carpet share has fallen sharply from domestic and foreign market and this old art-industry has encountered a lot of difficulties, where the number of producers and activists in this field significantly reduced. This paper studies the qualitative and strategic analysis of handmade carpet in Markazi province, rooting downgrades and providing appropriate solutions for the exit from this depression. In this paper, we have been used library method and various tools such as completion of questionnaires and interviews with stakeholders, experts and activists in the field of Art- Industry of Carpet of the province. Then, with using SWOT technique, analyzed he strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of this art-industry and finally, solutions have been developed to achieve priorities based on its development orientations in the province. The results of this study indicate the defensive position of the carpet in the domestic and foreign markets, and, according to this, presented strategies and policies, functional tactics In order to exit the current depression. The main developed strategies are " Needs assessment, compilation, implementation and evaluation of regular educational program at different stages and levels in the field of art- industry of carpet", "Improving the quality of handmade carpets in the province through woven carpets identification, standardization, monitoring and evaluation" and "Applying new marketing methods and effective planning to introduce handmade carpets brands in order to penetrate new markets and increasing the share of existing markets."

The original handmade carpet of Sistan has always played an important role in the livelihoods and the economy of the people. However, the position of this valuable art-craft has been impressed by some problems in Iran handmade carpet and especially to the particular native dilemma of the area. As the production of Sistanchr('39')s carpets has been greatly reduced today, continuing this process can in the long run lead to the deterioration of Sistanchr('39')s carpet and cause irreparable damage to the employment and livelihoods of the people of this area. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize and analyze the indexes affecting the stagnation of Sistan carpet and planning to eliminate them in order to improve the final product and job creation in the region. This issue is considered as the main goal of the current research.The research methodology is combined and Extractive. First, using semi-structured interviews, the causes of the recession of handmade rug in Sistan were analyzed from the viewpoint of experts in this field and nineteen key factors were identified. Then, a new questionnaire was designed using these factors within the Likert scale framework. The views of the local people in this area regarding the causes of the stagnation of Sistanchr('39')s handmade carpet were examined. In this step, a "T test" was used for analyzing questionnaire data. The results show that the drought and destruction of livestock, lifestyle changes and livelihoods, as well as the low profitability of the final product, The most important causes of the stagnation of Sistanchr('39')s original handmade carpet are the most important.

The present study examines the nonlinear dynamic relation among the factors affecting the export of Iran handmade carpets between 1352- 95, and focuses on the macroeconomic variables. For this purpose, the Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) Technique is used. The results indicate that there is a nonlinear short-run and long-run relation among the variables of the model. Among the variables, two variables of carpet prices and world income have both asymmetric effects on handmade carpet exports in the short-run and long-run. In the other words, the positive and negative changes in the price of handmade carpet, both in the short run and long run have different effects on export of handmade carpets. In the case of the world income, the effects of positive and negative shocks are significant and have the expected signs in the short run. In the long run, the negative shock of world income has also the expected sign and is significant. In the long run, the positive world income shock, although has the expected sign, but it is not significant. Furthermore, according to the theory, increasing the production of the handmade carpets and the real exchange rate has the expected effect and are significant. Finally, the rate of adjustment of the model from short-run to long-run equilibrium is about 0.72. In the other words, the amount of error correction and decreasing of deviation from long-run equilibrium in each period is about 0.75.

For centuries, carpet has been one of the prominent cultural tools in representing Iranian customs, traditions and culture from one generation to another. Hand-woven carpet has been produced in Iran for a long time, as artistic handicrafts as well as for daily use. Iranian hand-woven carpets have an original and unique identity in terms of raw materials, weaving tools, weaving methods and designs. The characteristics of hand-woven carpets are examined from both aesthetic and practical perspectives. From the practical point of view, the properties of thermal insulation, acoustic insulation, and the performance of hand-woven carpets as a floor covering have been studied. A review of the literature shows that most of the research reports have been published in applying hand-woven carpets. The focus on other aspects such as the physical-mechanical properties, durability as a floor covering, the thermal and acoustic insulation properties of carpets, and the effect of construction parameters and texture variables has rarely been studied. In the present article, an attempt is made to review the literature and focus specifically on the functional properties of thermal and acoustic insulation of hand-woven carpets and to discuss the benefits of wool fibers as pile. Optimal thermal and acoustic insulation properties of hand-woven woollen carpets, along with the benefits of comfort, natural ability to improve indoor air quality, safety, and beauty, give consumers a good sense of satisfaction and will have a significant impact on the perceived quality.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the commercialization of Persian handmade carpet. Using case study methodology, Birjand branch of Iran Carpet Company was selected as the case of study. Through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, data on business status and commercialization were collected from the company's sales and production experts. The research data were analyzed with advanced coding in MAXQDA software. In this study, the findings related to the business situation of the company were presented in a table and the commercialization conditions of the company's products in the form of a model. To evaluate the commercialization process, three concepts were used: technology readiness level, market readiness level and commercialization readiness level. The results show that the Birjand branch of Iran Carpet Company is in a good position in idea generation, product design, manufacturing and mass production of handmade carpets, but has several weaknesses in relation to marketing, market research, market competition and product sales. In addition, the technology readiness level of the company was considered acceptable; However, the levels of commercialization and market readiness of the company were in an unfavorable situation, and at the end of the research, solutions were presented to improve the company's situation.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the spiritual intelligence of the managers of the Carpet Company of Zarrin Baft with organizational silence and quality of work life of handmade weavers. This research is regarded as a descriptive-survey from the point of view of data collection and is applicable in terms of purpose. It also used the cross-sectional data collection method. The statistical population of the study includes all managers, assistants and staff of the Carpet Company of Zarrin Baft, numbering 420 people. Sampling method in this study was random sampling, so according to the Morgan table, 201 people were selected. In order to collect the required data, the 24-SISRI King Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire, the Organizational Silence of Van den and Walton's Quality of Work Life Questionnaire were used. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through convergent validity and reliability of the questionnaire validated through Cronbach's alpha (0.789). SPSS software was used for descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov's Normality Test and also a regression test to confirm the assumptions. Smart-pls software was also used to validate the model of investigation. The results showed that the spiritual intelligence of the managers is related to organizational silence and quality of work life of carpet craftsmanship. In addition, the spiritual intelligence of the managers is related to the fair payment, safe working environment, the level of provision of growth opportunities for employees, the degree of legalization in the organization, social affiliation of working life, the general environment of employees' lives, social integration and social cohesion, and the possibility of development the individual capabilities of staff. Based on the finding of this research, in determining the managers of the organization, it is worthy to be paid attention to the level of spiritual intelligence. Moreover, courses for increasing spiritual intelligence should be held for employees and spiritual intelligence tests should be taken from employees before starting work.

This article seeks to analyze and explain one of the ancient and cosmological ideas of the people living on the plateau of Iran, called “cow-fish”. The authors of this essay have tried to study and explain the mythological and religious roots as well as the public beliefs concerning such a myth by using historical documents and the method of reflection, besides a comparative study of ancient narratives and stories with some examples obtained from the history of Iranian art.
The necessity and importance of conducting this research is to become familiar with the wide range of subjects used in the art of ancient people, the origin of ancient motifs, the significance of them in the past and their absence in the present time. A visual study of such works helps us identify the mindset and culture of earlier artists. The main focus of the research is on the interpretation and decoding of the body of an angel or goddess standing on a cow in a carpet with cow-fish motif. Therefore, by carefully studying this myth and examining it in history, an extensive essay has been presented to record the art and thoughts of designers and weavers in this field.
The research methodology in the present article is descriptive-analytical with a comparative approach using the reflection method, and the method of collecting information is based on library sources. The results confirm a continuation of the reflection of cultural and social issues on the works of art and the thematic relations of cow-fish myth in ancient literature, folklore and Iranian art up to the end of the Qājār period.
The woman standing in the carpet frame is identified as Sepandarmaz, angel who is the guardian of the earth on behalf of Ahura Mazda and is the protector of animals, closely related to Mām-e Mahin. Dressed in a cloak full of mixed animal motifs, this angel is reminiscent of the mother and the original female creature, which due to the creative role of “woman and mother”, stands in a higher hierarchy than the creation of animals and plants laid by a cow. Furthermore, the image of a cow with hybrid animals is the body of the “first created cow” (Gav Aevo Data). Gathering and combining the animals in the dress of angel and the body of cow is the reconstruction of the original and eternal body of Māme Mahin and the first created cow in the age of the creation of Minavi Ahura Mazda.
According to the narrations in the ancient Avesta and Pahlavi sources, the unification of the corpses inside the body of the sacred cow in the cow-fish carpet is a reconstruction and reference to the body of the first great animal that was sacrificed to create plants and animals from its body parts. By gathering and achieving unity in the body of a cow or the body of another creature, such beings reach the homeland and womb and the safe place from which they were born, so that at the beginning of spring the story of creation is repeated. Iranians considered this myth as the origin of the creation of the world and passed it on to succeeding generations in the form of oral, written and illustrated tales. They have paid particular attention to this tale during the New Year and the ancient Nowruz ceremony.

The role of human resources and its effective management in the development and development of countries is known. In handmade carpet industry, attention to human tissue is not considered as the most dynamic element of the cycle of production of handmade carpet booms. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of pathology of factors influencing the preservation and increase of manpower of handmade carpet weavers in three levels of environmental factors, micro-environment and internal factors in Shiraz. In total, after reviewing the research background, 83 variables were identified in 3 dimensions of environmental factors, micro, or industry and in-organization environment. The method of data collection was using library and field resources. Questionnaire data collection tool. Data analysis was done descriptively and inferential using Testifodent and Friedman test. The results of the research indicate that out of a total of 83 variables, 60 positive, 4 negative and 19 variables have been negatively affected. Of these 19 negative variables, 11 variables are related to macro environment factors, 3 variables related to the industrial environment, and 5 variables related to the internal dimension of the organization. Therefore, it can be said that these factors are the environments that have the most negative effect on the stagnation or flourishing of the carpet industry and, consequently, the increase or decrease of weavers in Shiraz.

New ways of marketing in world trade led to a position that customers are the market drivers. So it is necessary that new ways of marketing to be used in the trade of traditional and valuable Iranian goods. In the world of handmade carpet business, the word sale should not be used. Handmade carpets should be marketed, meaning a permanent relationship in the interest of customers. In this regard, due to the importance of customer relationship management (CRM) and brand extension (BE) for handmade carpet export, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of CRM on BE with an emphasis on the mediating role of brand equity in the handmade carpet industry of Iran (studied in Tehran and Isfahan provinces). This study is practical in term of purpose and based on the nature and method is descriptive-causal from the survey branch. Statistical population of the survey are all consumers and buyers of handmade carpets; given the unlimited size of the population, non-random in access sampling method was used. The number of questionnaires distributed was 215, of which 204 responded to the questionnaires.The data collecting tool is a combination of three questionnaires: customer relationship management (Leo et al., 2005), brand equity (Baily et al., 2013) and brand development (Pena & Garcia, 2017). Data analysis was done by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS2 software. The results showed that most of the paths and hypotheses were confirmed, but the effect of brand awareness, brand perceived quality and brand loyalty on BE were rejected; the highest effect was the effect of CRM on brand equity (47%) as well as brand equity on BE (89%). Among other paths, CRM has the most effect on the brand perceived quality (brand equity dimension) with an effect level of 60%.On the other hand, the brand association brand has a positive and significant effect on BE among brand equity components with a coefficient of 0.73 and t-value of 7.931. Brand equity also has a mediating role in the effect of CRM on BE, which explains brand development by as much as 47%. On the other hand, among the components of brand equity, only brand association with 66 percent has a mediating role between CRM and BE. According to research findings, CRM, along with brand equity, has played an important role in enhancing the BE of the handmade carpet industry; Therefore, the results of this research can be useful for companies and brands of handmade carpets in order to be able to communicate effectively with customers and ultimately brand development.

Nowadays, the status of e-commerce in the exchange of art works is the subject of study experts in the field of art economics. Considering the importance of this issue, identifying the effective factors in accepting e-commerce in this sector of the economy is essential.  Hence, using this technology in the art sector, especially the handmade carpet exchanges, we can overcome the problems in the handmade carpet economy and achieve the positive outcomes in the field of economy with the support of handmade carpets, owing to its effective role in the Iranchr('39')s economy.The present research aims to find an answer for the following questions: 1. How can e-commerce contribute in development of the economy based on handmade carpets and related factors? 2. What infrastructures are needed to use e-commerce for the development of the economy based on handmade carpets?Thus, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the benefits of using e-commerce to develop the handmade carpet economy in Iran and identify the effective infrastructures in accepting e-commerce and exploiting it in the development of the economy based on handmade carpets. The research method in this study is descriptive-survey. Library resources, valid internet websites and questionnaires were used to collect the data. This research investigates e-commerce, art economics and handmade carpets. Then, research results are presented by analyzing the data. Finally, some recommendations are presented to achieve the research goals and future research.  Based on the results of this study, creating a cultural and educational context for handmade carpet authorities and creating the necessary infrastructure for accepting e-commerce would be of great contribution in the development of handmade carpet exchanges.