جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Diabetic rat » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Type 2 diabetes is the most common endocrine disease that occurs due to glucose intolerance due to imbalance between reserves and insulin demand.RBP4 is one of these adipocytes whose serum concentrations increase in different models of rats with type 2 diabetes and people with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was the interactive effect of High Intensity Exercise Training (HIIT) and n-chromosomal royal jelly on RBP4 and AMPK gene expression in liver hepatocytes and glucose levels and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic rats. Intense interval training is usually performed with intensities above 90% of the maximum heart rate and short rest periods and a training duration of less than 20 minutes. Royal Jelly is a yellowish white substance secreted by the submandibular glands of worker bees and by the queen bee is consumed throughout its life and the larvae during the growing period. Due to their anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory effects, various drugs are obtained from Royal Jelly. Evidence from studies shows that the possibility of RBP4 and AMPK gene expression in soleus muscle plays an important role in increasing consumption glucose. Therefore, this article intends to report the interactive effect of HIIT and consumption of n-chromosomal royal jelly on glucose regulatory factors.

The statistical population of the present study consisted of rats. After 20 weeks of high-fat diet, rats became diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg STZ per kg body weight. Mice with fasting glucose between 150 and 400 mg / dL were considered to have type 2 diabetes. Mice were treated in 4 groups: 6-head diabetic control, 8-period periodic training, 7-head Royal Jelly, 8-head Periodic Exercise, and 8-head Royal Jelly training group and training protocol and gel-royal gavage.
The HIIT protocol consisted of eight weeks of aerobic exercise, five sessions per week with a gradual increase in extreme frequency from 22 to 38 meters per minute and a rest period of 16 to 22 meters per minute for 15 to 34 minutes by running on a treadmill. Running time increased from 16 minutes in the first week to 34 minutes in the eighth week. At the end of the training period and 48 hours after the last training session, the experimental training groups and after 12 hours of fasting, the rats were anesthetized and sacrificed by ether anesthetic. Blood samples were collected from the heart. Glucose was measured using an auto-analyzer. Insulin measured by a special kit of Pars Azmoun Company. The insulin resistance index was calculated using the formula and gene expression was also determined by RT-PCR. To describe the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics of one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to compare the differences between groups and two-factor analysis of variance and effect size index were used to compare the effect of each of the independent variables. Significance level it was considered p≤0.05.

Mean glucose concentration (mg / dL) in the exercise group compared to the control was significantly reduced (P = 0.005) and in the exercise-royal gel group compared to the royal gel group had no significant difference and had a significant decrease compared to the control in the gel exercise group (P = 0.001). Mean insulin concentration (IUI / ml) in the exercise group was significantly increased compared to the control (P = 0.005) but the royal jelly group had a significant increase compared to the control. In the exercise group, Royal Jelly had a non-significant increase compared to control. The mean insulin resistance index in the exercise group was significantly lower than the control group and Royal jelly (P = 0.044). Data analysis using one-way and two-factor analysis of variance and post hoc test showed that, HIIT and royal jelly resulted in a non-significant decrease in soleus muscle RBP4 gene expression compared to the control group. HIIT and royal jelly increased the expression of AMPK gene in soleus muscle compared to the control group, which was significant in the HIIT group (P = 0.008). Since increasing in glucose consumption muscle tissues, especially in diabetic patients is importance. The findings of the present study revealed that the expression of genes involved in glucose consumption in soleus muscle is affected by HIIT and combined with royal jelly. Eight weeks of HIIT alone, in interaction with n-chromosomal royal jelly. The findings of the present study showed that HIIT and royal jelly reduced a non-significant decrease in soleus muscle RBP4 gene expression compared to the control group of type 2 diabetic rats, so decrease in glucose concentration and increased insulin and significantly reduced the insulin resistance of type 2 diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet and decrease RBP4 gene expression in soleus muscle in the HIIT groups.Various mechanisms have been suggested for the effects of RBP4 on the induction of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Serum RBP4 has been shown to be involved in inducing insulin resistance by stimulating the expression of gluconeogenic enzymes in the liver and impaired insulin signaling in muscle. In muscle tissue, there is a negative correlation between RBP4 and access to glucose and GLUT4 levels in diabetes people. In other words, increasing the concentration of RBP4 reduces the activity of phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3-kinase) and subsequently phosphorylates the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) and affects the transfer of GLUT4, which in turn It affects the insulin signaling pathway and reduces insulin-dependent glucose uptake into muscle tissue. Researchers have suggested that reducing and inhibiting RBP4 may be effective in reducing the damage caused by diabetes. For example, a recent study confirmed the beneficial effects of fentertinide (an RBP4 inhibitor) in the treatment of mice with a high-fat diet, so that the results of the above study showed that fentertinide inhibits glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in Prevents liver and muscle and improves glucose production in the liver and glucose metabolism in muscle.The results also showed that AMPK gene expression increased in the experimental groups compared to the control, which was significantly increased in the intense periodic training group compared to the control (P = 0.008). AMPK has been shown to improve insulin sensitivity after exercise. In their study, Rimko et al. showed that 8 weeks of aerobic exercise increased the AMPK signaling pathway in the muscle tissue of diabetic rats, which was also effective in improving insulin sensitivity. Increased blood glucose intake, which is affected by exercise, especially HIIT, can counteract the negative effects of RBP4. In the study of Aghaei and et al, Induction of diabetes caused a significant increase in RBP4 expression and after 8 weeks of HIIT exercise, its expression decreased significantly compared to control and AMPK gene expression was significantly increased in HIIT exercise group.

HIIT and royal jelly resulted in a non-significant decrease in soleus muscle RBP4 gene expression compared to the control group. HIIT and royal jelly increased the expression of soleus muscle AMPK gene compared to the control group, which was significant in the HIIT group (P = 0.008).

Type 2 diabetes is the most common endocrine disease that occurs due to glucose intolerance due to imbalance between reserves and insulin demand. For the treatment of hyperglycemia and its side effects in diabetic patients, despite extensive research, the causes of this metabolic disorder are still not well understood at the molecular level. Some studies have reported that strenuous exercise leads to apoptosis in rat intestinal lymphocytes in rats, but exercising voluntarily on a treadmill reduces apoptosis. Induction or inhibition of apoptosis is still questionable. One of the ways of treatment and prevention is regular physical activity for patients. But what kind of sport and with what kind of protocol is a question that researchers are always looking for. Considering the role of exercise and sports activities in the prevention and control of obesity and diabetes, adopting different training methods to prevent and reduce the prevalence of obesity and also help reduce the process of obesity and its complications such as cardio metabolic diseases such as fatty liver and diabetes and etc. is necessary in studies. In traditional medicine, herbal and traditional medicines are used to prevent and treat metabolic diseases such as diabetes and fatty liver. Royal Jelly is a yellowish-white substance secreted by the submandibular glands of worker bees and consumed by queen bees throughout life and larvae during the growing season. Royal gel (RJ) and its bioactive compounds have a wide range of drugs due to their antioxidant effects and antibacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, and immune system properties. Also plays an important role in protecting the liver and kidneys, and in diabetic patients, it showed a decreasing effect on blood sugar and a decrease in lipid peroxidation levels and an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as CAT, GSH-PX and SOD. As p53 is a tumor-inhibiting gene that is more closely associated with cancer, however, recent research shows the vital role of p53 in the development of diabetes, how p53 signaling can serve as a potential new therapeutic target for diabetes and Operate related metabolic disorders. The P53 gene, a tumor suppressor gene that mutates and inactivates a wide range of cancers, has been dubbed the "genome protector", but new research has shown that it has profound effects on metabolism. Its activation can lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes, which is why the gene has been dubbed the "protector against obesity". While the role of this gene has been well known for decades in cancer research, little is known about its role in metabolism. Previous studies have shown that the role of P53 in metabolism is essential in its function in suppressing tumors. This gene also has effects on heart disease, obesity and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to study changes in p53 gene expression in liver tissue and insulin resistance index after HIIT and Royal Jelly in obese type 2 diabetic rats.

The statistical subject of the present study consisted of wistar rats. After 20 weeks of high-fat diet, rats became diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of 25 mg STZ per kg body weight. Mice with fasting glucose between 150 and 400 mg /dL were considered to have type 2 diabetes. Mice were treated in 4 groups: 6-head diabetic control, 8-period periodic training, 7-head Royal Jelly, 8-head Periodic Exercise, and 8-head Royal Jelly training group and training protocol and gel-royal gavage. The HIIT protocol consisted of eight weeks of aerobic exercise, five sessions per week with a gradual increase in extreme frequency from 22 to 38 meters per minute and a rest period of 16 to 22 meters per minute for 15 to 34 minutes by running on a treadmill. Running time increased from 16 minutes in the first week to 34 minutes in the eighth week. At the end of the training period and 48 hours after the last training session, the experimental training groups and after 12 hours of fasting, the rats were anesthetized and sacrificed by ether anesthetic. Blood samples were collected from the heart. Glucose was measured using an auto-analyzer. Insulin measured by a special kit of Pars Azmoun Company. The insulin resistance index was calculated using the formula and gene expression was also determined by RT-PCR. To describe the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics of one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to compare the differences between groups and two-factor analysis of variance and effect size index were used to compare the effect of each of the independent variables. Significance level it was considered p≤0.05.

Data analysis using one way and two-way analysis of variance test showed that:1. Mean glucose concentration (mg /dL) in the exercise group compared to the control was significantly reduced (P = 0.005) and in the exercise-royal gel group compared to the royal gel group had no significant difference and had a significant decrease compared to the control in the gel exercise group. (P = 0.001)2. Mean insulin concentration (IUI / ml) in the exercise group was significantly increased compared to the control (P = 0.005) but the royal jelly group had a significant increase compared to the control. In the exercise group, Royal Jelly had a non-significant increase compared to control.3. The mean insulin resistance index in the exercise group was significantly lower than the control group and Royal jelly (P = 0.044) 4. Mean P53 gene expression showed that, HIIT reduced P53 gene expression in hepatocytes compared with controls (P <0.001). HIIT and Royal Jelly also reduced P53 gene expression in hepatocytes compared with the control group.

Results shown that HIIT and Royal Jelly also reduced P53 gene expression in hepatocytes compared with the control group.
In general, according to the research results, it can be concluded that HIIT as well as interaction with Royal Jelly can reduce the expression of P53 gene and improve glucose levels due to the effect of genetic components effective in the release of hepatic glucose and in Type 2 diabetic patients are effective, although the results showed that the correlation coefficient between changes in insulin resistance index and P53 gene expression was not significant in the experimental groups. Royal jelly due to various vitamin and protein compounds and phenolic compounds and good substitutes for the role of glucose, as well as various antioxidant and anti-inflammatory roles, etc., regulates carbohydrate metabolism, especially glucose, and regulates lipid metabolism and reduces hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. And reduce insulin resistance and prevent oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in people with type 2 diabetes, which is associated with exercise-related diabetes and is usually associated with overweight and obesity, but Royal Jelly alone cannot be used in these areas. And changes in the P53 gene are effective, and the use of aerobic exercise programs such as interval training can improve its effectiveness, however, further studies are needed in this area.

Diabetes is one of the most common endocrine disorders worldwide. Rubus anatolicus is rich in polyphenolic compounds that can protect individual from various chronic diseases such as diabetes. This study was carried out to investigate effects of hydroalcoholic extract of raspberry fruit Rubus anatolicus (focke) on blood glucose levels, lipid profiles and oxidative stress markers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.  Materials &

In this study, 32 male Wistar rats weighing 150–200 g were used. Diabetes was induced in rats using streptozotocin and diabetic animals were then treated with raspberry fruit hydroalcoholic extract for 14 days. Rats were anesthetized using xylazine and ketamine mixture and sacrificed. Then, whole blood samples were collected from the animal hearts to assess their serum glucose levels, lipid profiles and oxidative markers. The p-value < 0.05was considered as significant.

Results of the present study showed that raspberry fruit extracts significantly decreased serum glucose levels, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins and malondialdehyde levels in diabetic rats, compared to the diabetic control rats (p < 0.05). Moreover, serum low-density lipoproteins level, total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity significantly increased in diabetic rats, compared to diabetic control rats (p < 0.05).

‌The present study showed that fruit extract raspberry included good effects ‌on blood glucose levels, lipid profiles and oxidative stress conditions ‌in diabetic rats.

The proinflammatory cytokines of tumor necrosis factor alpha TNF-α and anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 have important roles in inducing and preventing systemic inflammation, respectively. The purpose of this study was to the synergistic effect of High-Intensity Interval training and resveratrol consumption on IL-10 and TNF- α in diabetic rats.

In this experimental study, 32 diabetic rats 225± 10 g based on Cohenchr('39')s sample size estimation table diabetic with combination of high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) injection, were randomly divided into four groups: control(C), supplement(M), training (T)and training + supplement(TM). The training groups were exposed to high-intensity interval training with an intensity of 90 to 100% VO2max for 8 weeks, 5 sessions per week, each session for 18 minutes. The supplement groups received 10 mg / kg of resveratrol daily for eight weeks, three times a week by gavage. Blood samples were taken 48 hours after the last training session. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and SPSS software version 24 (ANOVA).

Results showed that IL-10 increased in the experimental groups but was not significant (P=0.109). TNF-α levels decreased in the TM group, whereas it increased in the T and M groups, which was significant compared to the TM group (P=.000). Fasting glucose, insulin and insulin resistance index decreased significantly in experimental groups (P=.000).

Eight weeks of high-intensity interval training plus resveratrol can have a positive effect on inflammation and insulin resistance by increasing IL-10 and decreasing TNF-α.

Diabetes mellitus is highly prevalent in the world and poor wound healing in diabetic patients is a serious public health issue nowadays. In this study, we evaluated the healing effects of olive leaf extract ointment on cutaneous wound in diabetic rats. Thirty six male rats were di vided into three groups: a control group and two experimental groups to receive either olive leaf ointment or derma heal ointment. Diabetes was induced by a single streptozotocin injection (65mg/kg). Three days later, fasting blood glucose was measured by a glucometer. Rats with blood glucose levels above 250 mg/dl were considered as diabetic. Under anesthesia, a circular full-thickness incision (10 mm diameter) was made in shaved dorsal region. Animals in control group received only distilled water, while treatment groups were treated with ointments (once/daily) until the end of the experiment. To investigate the effects of olive leaf ointment on diabetic wounds, macroscopic and microscopic studies were performed at days 4, 7, 10, 14, and 21. Macroscopic and microscopic evaluations showed significantly higher rate of wound healing in experimental groups compared to the control group in all days after wound creation (P<0.05). But, wound contraction was significantly higher in the group receiving derma heal ointment compared with that in the group treated with olive leaf ointment (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two experimental groups in microscopic indices (P>0.05). In this study, wound healing was significantly promoted when diabetic wounds were treated with olive leaf ointment.

Finding effective drugs have been considered for healing diabetic wounds by researchers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects on wound healing ointment Alcoholic extract of grape seed skin is normal and diabetic rats.
In this study 48 male Wistar rats into four groups (negative control, positive control, the first experimental, the second experimental) were divided. Groups tested in the injured area of 3 cm2 were created on the left spine. The wound healing was evaluated macroscopically. The results are reported as Mean ± SD. Statistical inference border (P ≥0.05) and (P ≥0.01) and (P ≥0.001).
Compared with normal wound healing in diabetic groups were later and Wound healing in experimental groups treated with Vitis Vinifera more quickly than the control group, respectively.
In this study the skin ointment Vitis Vinifera accelerates the wound healing is normal and diabetic samples.

The process of wound healing is impaired in diabetes. Many efforts have been made to accelerate the wound healing process. Long time healing effect of a herbal complex containing Aloe vera, Myrrh, dragon’s blood and henna has been observed in wound healing, But sufficient scientific evidence of how the mechanism of action of this compound is absent in diabetic wounds Whereas the effect of each of them separately in several studies on ulcers observed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical herbal (briefly called Herbalin) on wound healing in diabetic rats. The diabetic rats were divided into two groups: control (treated with Vaseline as a vehicle) and experimental (treatment with herbalin) were included. In each class, all wound round with a diameter of2cmwas made on the dorsal surface of diabetic rats. Wound measurement and histopathological parameters such as the formation of re-epithelization, granulation tissue formation and the average thickness of the epithelium at intervals of7, 14and21dayswere evaluated. Strain epithelium on day 14andthe wound length atday21was evaluated in the terminal phase. In macroscopic study, the Herbalin treated wounds were found to healing much faster and the day 14 has considerable change compared with control group (P<0.05). In microscopic study, in all cases of the Herbalin treatment groups showed a significantly increased as compared with controls (P<0.05). According to the results, the herbal complex, possibly by accelerating the formation of granulation tissue and epithelium and thickening of the epithelium has an important role in wound healing in diabetic and reduces the time required for healing.

The effects of exercise training on GLUT4 protein expression have been examined in several studies whereas those of aerobic training along with the use of plant extracts on muscle GLUT4 protein expression are unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of aerobic training and Pistacia athlantica extract on GLUT4 protein expression and glycogen level in the gastrocnemius muscle of diabetic rats. Forty-male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: Healthy control، diabetic control، diabetic+aerobic training، diabetic+extract and diabetic+aerobic training+extract. The program included six weeks of aerobic training on the treadmill. Forty eight hours after last session of training and consumption the extract، the rats were anesthetized and gastrocnemius muscle was isolated for measurement of glycogen levels and GLUT4 protein expression. Data was analyzed by using one-way ANOVA test (P<0. 05). GLUT4 protein expression and glycogen levels in gastrocnemius muscle in diabetic+aerobic training+extract group were significantly higher than in the diabetic control group (P values 0. 001، 0. 02 respectively)، whereas these variables in the aerobic training and the Pistacia athlantica extract perse groups did not change compared to the diabetic control group. It seems that Pistacia athlantica extract along with specific exercises، compared to utilization of each of strategies perse، are more effective in increasing glucose transporter proteins and possibly improving insulin function.

Given diabetes mellitus has an adverse effect on spermatogenesis and male fertility, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of L-carnitine administration on spermatogenesis and testicular structure in diabetic rats induced with Stereptozotocin. In this experimental study, fifteen rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group was received citrate buffer. Case group was diabetic rats that received 40 mg/kg carnitine for 16 days. Third group was diabetic rats that did not receive carnitine. After sixteen days, morphometric study was performed. Besides, index of testicular weight was obtained. Then, data were analyzed using SPSS software and ANOVA. In testicular sections of diabetic rats were observed a disruption and deformity in first layer of somniferous tubules. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in carnitine group when compared to the control group (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between weight of diabetic rat compared to the control group (P<0.001). Besides, there was the most ratio of testis index in control group. Our finding showed that short-term L-carnitine administration was affective on the diameter and thickness of seminiferous tubules. Hence, L-carnitine treatment may cause an improvement in spermatogenesis of diabetic men.

Finding effective drugs is considered for healing diabetic wounds by researchers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the wound healing effects of palmatine in the healing of skin wounds in normal and diabetic rats. In this study 16 male Wistar rats were dهvided into four groups (Negative control, Positive control, The first experimental, The second experimental). A 4 cm2 wound was created in the left side of the spinal cord in each of these groups and the process of wound healing was macroscopically evaluated. The wounds of the diabetic groups (the diabetes was coused by streptozocin) showed longer healing process in comparison with the normal groups and the wound healing in the experimental groups which were treated by palmitine was faster in comparison with the control group. the results showed that palmatine speeds the wound healing up in normal and diabetic samples.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is defined as a disorder in which the prominent role of oxidative stress is well documented. Treatment of (DM) with herbal medicine products is one of the main focuses of investigators and to date several reports are published regarding properties of herbal plants. Regardingly، several types of plants are proposed for treatment of (DM). Thus، the current investigation is designed to explore therapeutic properties of Angipars as an herbal plant on tissue injuries associated with (DM) in rats. This experimental study was performed on 48 male wistar rats weighting 200-250 grams. The induction of DM was carried out by intra- muscular injection of 50mg/kg of STZ (streptozotocin) in a region between the two ears of animal، Approximately، 56 days following the induction of DM rats were divided into four main groups (12 rats in each group): first group received normal saline for 14 consecutive days and three another groups were injected with Angipars، insulin and Angipars-insulin as the same duration respectively. 24 hours after the last injection، animals were humanely killed and brain، liver and kidney tissues were analyzed regarding tissue injuries by histo-chemistry analysis. Our results showed that all of the studied animals had tissue injuries while significant decreased injuries were observed in Angipars-insulin treated group. In the majority of microscopic fields of kidney of untreated rats red blood cells were observed in tubular tissues of kidneys of animals. Likewise، kidney tissues، cellular infilterations were observed in most of the brain areas and also binuclear hepatocytes were seen in liver tissues. These tissues characterizations were decreased in insulin and Angipars treated groups but were significantly decreased in Angipars-insulin treated group. Overall، animal tissues in insulin-Angi pars group were more similar to normal tissue. It seems that Angi pars haveing properties such as anti-oxidant and neovascularisation effects could protect the tissues from injuries in experimental group''s animals in comparison to control group animals.