جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Glomeruli » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Fenugreek has a long history as both a culinary and medicinal herb in the ancient world. In the current study, the authors aimed to determine the effect of this plant on diclofenac-induced hepatic, renal and duodenal damages.

Thirty five albino rats were randomly divided into five groups consisting of seven rats each. The extract of fenugreek seeds or Trigonella foenum-graecum (TFG) was administered to the rats in groups III and IV via the orogastric route. Diclofenac at 50mg/kg was also administered by the oral route to the rats in groups II, III, IV and V to induce hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. 500mg/kg Levofloxacin was administered as treatment to rats in group V. Twenty four hours after the last treatment, all animals were sacrificed and the organs of interest removed and dissected for histopathological examinations.

The extract of TFG increased the weight of kidney and liver tissues relative to total body weight, maintained the histology of the kidneys at a concentration of 500 and 1000mg/kg, and ameliorated the damages observed in the intestinal mucosa following administration of diclofenac. The extract also mitigated hepatocytic damages, interhepatocytic hemorrhages, vascular congestions and restored the hepatocytes’ arrangements.

The findings of the current study demonstrate that the TFG extract produced promising therapeutic effects by significantly preventing toxicity in the duodenum, liver and kidneys of the rats by healing the diclofenac-induced damages.

Kidney disorders are serious outcomes of diabetes, resulting in renal ailments. 
This study seeks to provide an alternative treatment for the disorder through the use of medicinal plants that offer renal protection and ameliorate the deleterious effect of diabetes.

Thirty rats were divided into six groups of five and hyperglycemia was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin. The rats with a fasting blood glucose level exceeding 250 mg/dl were selected. The L. hastata leaf extract was administered orally and a daily insulin injection was given intramuscularly into the left thigh for 28 days. Rats were then sacrificed and the urine was collected for urinalysis. The kidneys were harvested and examined histologically. The micrographs obtained were subjected to morphometric analyses to evaluate several parameters.

The extract-treated groups showed preservation of the cytoarchitecture of the renal tubules and glomeruli as compared to the diabetic control group, which showed distortion of the glomeruli and atrophied renal tubules. The rats that received the extract showed a significantly increased glomerular perimeters and areas (P<0.01). The cellularity was significantly increased (P<0.001); however, the glomerular basement membranes were significantly thicker in these groups compared to the controls (P<0.001). Both the extract-treated and insulin-treated rats showed reduced urine glucose concentrations. Urobilirubinogen, protein, and ketone levels were elevated in the diabetic controls compared to the extract-treated rats.

Administration of the L. hastata extract led to renal protection by preserving the cytoarchitecture of the glomeruli and renal tubules, restoring the kidneys’ function.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that affects the kidney in around 50% of patients
The aim of this study was to assess CD147 expression with various pathologic lesions, biochemical and demographic data in patients with classes III and IV lupus nephritis.
Patients and These patients with lupus nephritis classes II and IV by renal biopsy and pathology were enrolled in this study. The strength of CD147 staining on tubules, Bowman’s capsules, vessels and tuft of glomeruli was expressed as proportion of involvement.
In this study, 23 renal biopsies for lupus nephritis of classes III and IV (documented by immunofluorescence and light microscopic studies) were included. No significant difference of CD147 staining between classes was detected (P>0.05). In addition, proportion of proteinuria was not related to CD147 staining in tubules, Bowman’s capsules, vessels and tuft of glomeruli in classes III and IV lupus nephritis (P>0.05). There was no significant association of CD147 staining in tubules, Bowman’s capsules and vessels with serum creatinine (P>0.05). However, an association between CD147 staining in tuft of glomeruli with serum creatinine was detected (r=0.623, P=0.002). None of chronicity or activity percent of glomerular involvement in two classes of III or IV had a significant association with CD147 staining (P>0.05).
The significant association between CD147 staining in glomeruli with serum creatinine in lupus nephritis of classes III and IV revealed that inflammation at this area may have prognostic implication.

Introduction. Embryogenesis of the kidney glomeruli, especially its vascular component, has not been well documented. Glomeruli capillary tuft is surrounded and enveloped by visceral epithelial cells, which is a unique portal system that connects afferent with efferent arteriole without interaction with venular circulation. We hypothesized that the portal system embryologically has developed by extension of the intima of afferent arteriole into the stroma of glomerulus. We also hypothesized that juxtaglomeruli apparatus was developed from remnants of smooth muscle cells of the media of afferent arteriole at the anastomosing site with the Bowman capsule entrance.
Materials and Methods. We studied 5 human fetal kidneys by hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and immunoperoxidase staining techniques.
Results. Hematoxylin-eosin staining of fetal kidney showed presence of erythrocytes in early vesicle form of glomeruli that was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining with CD31, smooth muscle actin, and CD34 markers. These stains showed extension of extraglomerular arterioles to the glomeruli. Periodic acid-Schiff staining showed also the continuity of the basement membrane in extraglomeruli and internal glomerular vascular tufts.
Conclusions. This study shows that there is a relationship between the metanephric blast cells and major vessel critical for angiogenesis. When afferent arteriole come in contact with the immature glomeruli, its intima migrates into the glomerular tuft to form intraglomerular capillary system, while its smooth muscle remains at the entrance orifice and develops juxtaglomerular apparatus cells.

Lead has been widely used in different industries for ages. It is one of the heavy metals, highly poisonous even at low doses, and has biochemical, physiological and behavioral side effects on human and animals. It has been shown that lead has toxic effects on different tissues such as neural and genitourinary tissues, cardiovascular systems and blood. Therefore, high attention has been paid to its environmental pollutions.
Although many histological and biochemical studies have reported about the effects of lead on the renal tissue, there are a few studies about the ultrastructure and morphometric effects of lead on the kidney. Hence, the aim of this study was the evaluation of morphology and morphometrics of rabbit renal urinary barrier ultrastructure following long-term exposure to lead acetate.
In this experimental study, 20 male New Zealand rabbits were divided into control and test groups (10 in each). The test group was injected intraperitoneally with chronic dose (8.5 mg/kg of body weight) of lead acetate and for the control group the same volume of normal saline was used, every other day for 10 weeks. After anesthetizing, the biopsies of renal tissues were taken for light and electron microscopic morphometric and morphologic analyses.
Long-term exposure to lead acetate caused histopathology effects including dilatation, congestion, nuclei heterochromatic effects, increase in diameter of renal tubules and urinary barrier thickness in rabbit renal tissue.
Quantitative and qualitative results of long-term lead acetate exposure showed many histopathology side-effects, especially in the urinary barrier.