فصلنامه پژوهش های اجتماعی اسلامی
سال بیست و دوم شماره 2 (تابستان 1395)

The present research is going to clarify the role of the religious belief in the occurrence of the empathy of the state and the nation and its impact on the resistance economy in order to take a minor step for the achievement of some extent of the resistance economy and effective factors in it its discourse specially in educational and scientific centers and changing it into the national, common and general discourse which are mentioned in section 21 of this policy. With no doubt, the religion and religious beliefs for establishing the hearty connection among people form a kind of empathy and cohesion among them. The social role of the religion and religious beliefs basically appear and emerge in the social empathy, forum and cohesion. Because the values which are the principle of the social obligations are common among the religious believers. The values are such as empathy and social cohesion between the state and nation. From one side, the empathy and association in the social life and the religious system are prerequisites for believable life as the noble Quran states: the real believers are the only ones who have heartfelt conviction to the oneness of Allah and the prophet's message and when they associate and agree with him on a matter of public affairs, they dont go away. from the other side, the advantage of this empathy and social cohesion can create social and economic evolutions and changes such as the change and evolution in economic system for achieving to the resistance economy. The present paper with applying descriptive method and content analysis and with using library sources has investigated this issue.

The Infallibles (Masūmūn) as clarifying the revelation of the noble Quran are responsible to acquaint the followers of the glorious Islam with necessities and prohibitions of life (living). Man as a social being is inevitable to create relationship with their fellow creatures and for this regard if he wants to have an effective relationship with their fellow creatures he must apply some effective factors and avoiding from some parts of hindrances. This note with aim to extract and sort some of obstacles and hindrances of effective relationship in speeches and behaviors of Imam Reza (peace be upon Him) has been codified. These hindrances can be seen not only in his moral (ethic) traditions (ahadith) but also in different chapters of his traditions (aha). Variousness of these tree periods in his Imamate (imāmah)) and specific look to his traditions (ahadith) from the viewpoint of relationship can be a pattern for behavioral method of the managers and also all interested people to the family of Ahl al-Bayt (the people of the House of the prophet Muhammad). The hindrances are sorted in two general inward and outward groups. This paper is arranged in library method. Schematically the hindrances are: evil, the inciting nafs (an-nafs al-ammārah), contempt, jealousy, lies, miserliness (niggardliness, being pride, false accusation, hostility, aggression, fear and obscenity. Excessive joking, argument, insulting, anger, quarreling, limiting relationship, negligence (inattention) to the feelings of his partner, differences in facing (relationship), companion with wicked persons, inappropriate non-verbal messages, excessive admiration (adulation) of addressee and excessive advices are of other hindrances of relationship which we have found in traditions (ahadith) of Imam Reza (peace be upon Him).

The history of the social thought mentions three main lifestyles: the secular, stoic and Islam. The goal of this paper is to answer these questions: how the secular, stoic and Islam lifestyles and their looks to birthing are and whether their lifestyles are accorded with the look of Islamic lifestyle to birthing or not. The method of research is descriptive- deductive. The results show that the earthy and worldly pleasures and enjoyments are principles for individual in the secular lifestyle. Therefore, birthing is acceptable if it is in harmony with his worldly pleasures and enjoyments and does not come into conflict with them. According to the stoicism (religious rejections of the world) lifestyle, because of spiritual transcendence (development) and afterlife without world is viewed by its believers and child is a part of worldly pleasures and enjoyments, birthing and having child is not considered and paid attention. But the Islam view criticizes and doubts these two lifestyles and the Islamic opinion considers world and the hereafter and child and birthing with considering earthy and eternal benefits are paid attention and encouraged.

In the process of education, teachers (educators) (because of obtaining individual and collective abilities and achieving a high level- eligible degree- of the pleasant life) have responsibility to guide students and also have a pivotal role for planning and taking measures and actions for setting up the constant development and excellence of personal identity of students . The first and crucial step of this process is to provide the appropriate exigencies of student's development and eliminate and remove its obstacles. With this description, this paper aims to examine the necessary abilities and capacities for teachers (educators) for social and political education of students based on Islamic teachings. The research in this paper is descriptive- analytic. Library sources and texts for collecting and gathering and studying of the data have been used. Theoretical bases of the present note are the Islamic teachings and authentic sources and texts. Findings of this research (for obtaining the necessary abilities for teachers for social and political education of students which are extracted from the authentic sources and precious documents such as the noble Quran and Nahj al-Balāgha -Arabic: äåÌ ÇáÈáÇÛå) are : having the religious belief and moral education, liability, the educational justice, intelligence, foreseen, confronting injustice and the negation of arrogance, inward and outward arrangement, moderation, lawfulness, avoiding from egocentrism ( self- centeredness) and lawlessness.

Among the components which strengthening the meaning (concept) of the modern world, undoubtedly, if the concept of freedom is not at the first stage (grade), it will be one of the high stages (one of the top priorities). The scholars have constantly put forward arguments (debate) and different opinions and sometimes opposite ones have been propounded. Islamic Revolution of Iran is one of the most important opportunities which examined (tested) the relationship between Islam and freedom. This paper provides the issue of the relationship between Islam and freedom from the point of one of the prominent Islamic Revolution scholars who has unexampled (unique) role in codifying the constitution. Shahid Behshti contrary to the approaches of absolutism and negation has had a fair (just) and critical look to liberalism and has attempted to present a scientific and careful evaluation (assessment) with distinguishing merits from faults. At the end after theoretical explanation of the relationship between Islam and freedom with advancing practical policies, hehas determined the respect of freedom in the new Islamic government. The research method is double hermeneutics and the writings and authorships of Shahid Behshti have been the subject of multiply reading of the authors.

Holding the chair of the free thinking is one of the most serious demands of the Supreme Leader, Grand Ayatollah Sayyad Ali Hosseini Khamenei who has constantly propounded in his visits with students and professors. But this asking and concern has not been observed (paid attention) by the institutes of high education (universities) and has not carried out as it should be. The issue of this paper is why it doesnt hold the chair of the free thinking, in spite of emphasis of the Supreme Leader. In the present attempt which is interdisciplinary, the necessary data relating to the chair of the free thinking with library and interviewing method have been collected and then the obstacles of holding the chair of the free thinking and its exit solutions (strategies) have been presented.

The aim of this note is recognition and examination of the components of educating citizens from the view of the noble Quran and Ahl al-Bayt (the people of the House of the prophet Muhammad). For this regard, with using qualitative approach and with library- documentary method, schematically after restudying the sources, the components of educating citizens from the view of the noble Quran and Ahl al-Bay have been described and counted. The components of educating citizens according to the noble Quran and Ahl-al-Bay in cognitional, emotional and behavioral dimensions are mentioned below. The cognitional dimension includes: wisdom (Knowledge) pivot, equality, freedom of speech and thought, critical thinking, human rights, advices and counselling. The emotional dimension contains: liability, nationalism, community minded, responsibility, self-gloryand self – esteem andoptimistic and positive attitude. The behavioral dimension includes: obedient to the laws of society, political partnership (participation), economic participation, tolerance, trustworthiness, admirationand maintaining of human dignity. These have been investigated by this paper.