فصلنامه پژوهش های اجتماعی اسلامی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 4 (زمستان 1396)

It is inevitable to look on the ethical- social and Psychological norms. It needs the scholastic and realistic strategies and policies for the establishment of immunity for women in the area of employment and production. The aim of this paper is to define the important and basic ethical- social strategies in relation to the establishment of immunity for the employment of women. The main question is what ethical- social and Psychological strategies are that they can reduce the possible pathologies in the area of employment. The present research is of qualitative researches and meanwhile stating the opinion of Islam about the women employment, it indicates the most important strategies of Women's immunity with the descriptive- analytic and inferential method. With careful look and deep thought in the Islamic components, it will reveal that the primary and basic role of women is not the customary (idiomatic) meaning and there is no encouragement for the employment of women in the religious components. If it is necessary for women to have profession for different reasons, it should be based on the structure of the Islamic and ethical norms. Not paying attention to the ethical norms, neglecting the psychological capacities of women, not giving importance to the primary and basic role of women and not considering the mental health of women in the place of profession and production can create the most important pathologies and successively family and community pathology.

From the view of Imam Reza (p.b.u.h), the categorizes of refinement and purification are: spiritual and material. Both are necessary for the society. Therefore, Imam Reza (p.b.uh) has criticized Sufis because they set themselves apart from refinement. The spiritual refinement and purification are such as religionand Ahl al-Bayt which they rescue man in hereafter. The material and earthly adornments can help the human and ethical virtues such as altruism, Strengthening Family Institution, respecting each other and etc. But the religious orders should be observed and self-glorification and strong desire for adornment should be avoided. The people of community beside the outer refinement should be practically adorned and purified. The harmony between the material adornment and purification and the spiritual and practical adornment and purification will be joyful for the people of community. In the present research with descriptive – analytic method, the answer to this question what the opinion of Imam Reza (p.b.u.h) is about adornment and its instances has been investigated. It helps the true appearance and the community joyfulness and health and the hereafter closeness and affection.

Production and employment of people are of the most important and fundamental goals of the resistance economy policy. Besides the loss of human resources, Unemployment stablishes the several economic, social and political problems and difficulties. This note is going to examine and analyze the domestic production which is one of the most important components of the resistance economy. The central pivot of this criticism and examination is to utilize guidance and executive instruction which has been stated and imparted by the supreme leader at Nowruz 1396. Therefore, the question of this paper at first is what the effects and consequences of paying attention to the domestic production are. And the second question is why Islamic Republic of Iran has not been successful in the economy section to manage the business cycle while it has developments in other sections. To answer the first question, it should be mentioned that the findings of this note show that with relying on domestic product and national power, it is possible to motive the business cycle which is counted of the key points and the social and economic strategic way and makes the national economy move out of recession and consequently, follows the economic growth. Through this way with the prevention of the generality and growth of unemployment in the economic section, it causes social welfare. In answering the second question, it can be mentioned that lack of balancing, harmony and union in the economic programs and policies according to the policies of the resistance economy and the smuggling and propaganda confrontation with the economic corruptions get recession and unemployment unexpectedly govern. The research method in this note is descriptive- analytic that it has been adopted through studying documents in the library form. At first, the require information has been collected through taking notes and then the information has been explained.

The subject of bidah (innovation in religious matters) is one of the important problems from Rehlat" of the Holy Prophet. it is One of the believer's concerns and especially human leaders for man guidance meaning the Fourteen Infallibles (Arabic: ãÚÕæãæä Masūmūn) toward perfection and fortune and welfare. The subject of bidah and the act of innovating in the religion are important after the appearance of Wahabiyat in Hejaz and growth of their thoughts and thinking till to the contemporary age. This group with aiming to weaken the Shia faith pillars and beliefs specially the youth with using the modern method of the information science whether internet, satellite charges shia and the school of shia with bidah in the religion. What has been examined in this paper is how to face and confront bidah in the life Imam Reza (p. b. u. h). The scope of Imam Reza (p. b. u. h) life is precious to be investigated and studied in the ground of bidah and the method to face, especially at the period of his Imamat from both inner and outward imamat which it was at the time of Harun, Amin and Mamun Abbasi Khilafah and it has been lasted 25 years. Because of the expansion of the area of the scientific and theological activities of Imam Reza (p. b. u. h), this note has studied the subject of bidah and the imam's confrontation with it. The Statistical population in this research is books relating to the life of Imam Reza (p. b. u. h) especially Uyūn akhbār al-Riḍā (Arabic: یæä ÇÎÑÇÑ ÇáÑÖÇ) and the volume 49 of Biḥār al-ʾanwār. But for achieving to the certain consequence, the other sources have been examined. The method of research is library form and the examination of the historical documents.

Family is the smallest and the most important institution in the society. Persons who grow in this environment have a considerable role in the growth and development of the society. With regarding the importance of this institution in the society, the different opinions have been constantly established by the scholars in history. With studying the opinions of Shahid Motahari and Talcott Parsons about family, this paper tries to compare these two sociological and Islamic opinions. They both have considered the issue of family function, reproduction, training the future generation, giving to children social identity, establishing a secure and calm environment. Some of the family specifications are marrying, organizing sexual desire and etc. In the part of the family duties, it has been studied the tool and a declared roles and in Shahid Moahari's statement "the similarity between the women's right and men's right.

One of the important indices of the developed countries is constant science production. With not considering the theoretical issues, studying the Islamic culture and civilization shows that free thinking has had a considerable effect on the growth of the Islamic civilization in its superior ages. The aim of this paper is that this category should be considered seriously for the development and occurrence of the modern Islamic civilization and it is provided spaces in the different cultural and scientific fields. This paper is going to answer the whatness and how is a subject with the analytic and descriptive method. Out comings show that increasing the capacity of the government from the aspect of receiving criticism and accepting scholar's opinions, the development of the culture of the criticism and criticizing and the intellectuals'' braveness and cross science boards also the occurrence of the chairs of free thinking and theory building which to fulfil these, it will certainly follow the scientific progress.

The political justice as one of the human community concerns has been constantly considered along the concepts such as liberty, security and democracy because of its position and its background in the religions and political schools and in this way, intellectuals and scholars have stated opinions in the definition of justice and the way to achieve it. Shahid Motahari who is an advocate of justice is of the intellectuals who has expressed his opinions about this issue based on the religious and Islamic teachings. The goal of this paper is to study the political justice in the thought of Shahid Motahari and argues this question what the position of the political justice is in the thought of Shahid Motahari. The findings with the descriptive- analytic method and with using the political justice theory of John Rawls indicate that the political justice in the opinion of Shahid Motahari is the political justice is part of the social justice and tit considers principles such as liberty, democracy and practicing laws originated from the real human rights as the justice pillars and social balance.