نشریه تعاون و کشاورزی
سال بیست و دوم شماره 6 (تابستان 1390)

The main objective of this study was to determine the economic efficiency and factors affecting it by using stochastic frontier function for Sirjan agricultural producing cooperatives in 2010. Collected data were analyzed using Frontier 4.1 software. The results of this study show that average economic efficiency of Sirjan agricultural producing cooperatives was 73%. The result also indicates that current capital value of company has a direct & significant relationship with frontier profit and there is a reserve relation between numbers of activities of the company with frontier profit. In the evaluation of economic inefficiency of agricultural producing cooperative, managing director's experiences and duration of cooperative company have a positive influence upon economic efficiency but costs related to all of activities of the cooperative companies and diversity of activities have a negative influence upon economic efficiency. This study suggests the reduction of company’s activities and increased investments in agricultural producing cooperatives, which can increase the profitability of these companies. Also, utilizing managers with high experiences, application of correct management & offering the much needed training and extension activities can promote economic efficiency of these companies.

Milk, among foods, has the best suitable ingredients and with this reason it is called whole food. Daily consumption of milk in a country is a symptom of hygiene and nutrition situation in that country. Needing for abundant production of products especially milk and limiting of production clarifies necessity of suitable usage of sources and increase efficiency. This study has done with the purpose of technical estimation of dairy farm cooperatives of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province. Necessary statistics and information collected with help of questionnaire and interview with province cow owners and transcendental production diagrams has been chosen as selective diagram in analyzing the results. Because of the minimum numbers of the cooperative companies, all cooperatives have been interviewed. With regard to coefficient meaning in selective diagram we get this result that the units of bran and salt place in third manufacturing zone (area), that is these units are use abundantly in province. Complementary Concentra units and workforce place in first zone (area); that is the production will increase in case of increasing these units. The average of technical usage of dairy farms has been 94 percent (at last 84%, at most 99%) that by improving management, averagely, we can increase technical usage about of 6 percent. Also the gap between the best and the weakest production is about 15% that can be improved by applying management approaches. The effective factors on technical efficiency have been analyzed and the results show that the experience, education level, and allocated area for each cattle affect the technical efficiency while factors such as family size and age affect statistics.

Emotional Intelligence is one of the tools that by which it will be possible to taking benefit of positive emotions and also delete or adjust negative emissions, so by concentrating on the most effective elements you will reach the best result in minimum time and by less expenses. The goal of present research is to identify and classify the elements of emotional intelligence that affect the Ministry of Cooperative’s human resources performance. As Daniel Goleman Emotional Intelligence Model is one of the most comprehensive ones, it is used to review the most effective elements of emotional intelligence. The main question in this research is: what is the priority of elements of emotional intelligence that affect employee’s performance? The questions of the questionnaire which is the main data gathering tool of this study, have been formed by operating abstract meaning of emotional intelligence and then 175 samples including employees of Ministry of Cooperatives were chosen. After performing correlation and regression test and Friedman Scoring Test on gathered data from sample group, 4 main hypotheses were formed that 3 of them accepted and one of them rejected. This means that among emotional intelligence elements, three of them that are self management, relations management and EI self-awareness affect ministry of cooperatives human resources. At next level, sub elements of these elements have been scored and after concluding the results of the hypotheses, suggestions submitted to Ministry of Cooperatives.

Over two decades ago, along with global economic growth, export is considered as an economic activity that had more growth than other activities. Also at the corporate level, exports is considered as a possibility for more sales, profitability and economy of scale to reduce product development costs and ultimately increase the standard of living for customers and improve the quality of work life for employees. After marketing, production and preparation and of goods (commercial process), firms transacts with various governmental and private agencies (such as customs, standards organization, trade organizations, chambers of commerce, transportation companies etc.) to complete export process and exit the country. This part of the activities of exporting may be grouped under "administrative – Service" factors. This study analyzes the effect of the "export experience" and "Organizational size" on the obstacles of different activities of "administrative-service" process from the viewpoint if exporters. In other words exporter’s evaluations of the total expenses of "administrative – Service" activities ranging from labor costs, time and financial costs will be questioned and this issue evaluate that whether or not significant differences in perceived obstacles will be obtained by changing "size" and "experience" factor. Research population consists of all cooperatives located in the provinces of "Khorasan Razavi" and "North Khorasan". Research method of descriptive and analytical survey utilized a random sampling plan, resulted in 54 samples from a total of 350 manufacturing firms. In order to collect research data, a designed questionnaire was designed by referring to library resources, organizations are in charge of exports administrative-service affairs, expert exporters’ organization and academic instructors. Appropriate technique was incorporated to assure validity of the instrument, and its reliability was also confirmed by a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.84. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (nonparametric tests) were used to test hypotheses by SPSS software. 'Kruskal-Walli's test used for analyzing the "export experience" effect on the obstacles of "administrative – Service" activities. Also ' Mann-Whitney' test used for analyzing the "Organization size" effect on the obstacles of these activities. With some nonparametric tests, it was found that, "currency transfer by exchange centers and peoples" and "settling claims" processes appear to play decreased role as exports experiences increase. On the other hand the “organization size” has no effect on changing perceived obstacles of administrative-service export activities.

As the importance of cooperatives in countries’ economic development and facing cooperatives department with different problems, this research has been studied financial challenges of operating cooperative companies in Fars Province. The method of this research was a sort of applicable studies and the data collected by survey method. Survey population includes the managers of cooperative companies in Fars Province in 2009 that by data gathering from all operating cooperatives with age of more than 4 years and more than 10 employees, the population includes 105 cooperative companies. At next level a questionnaire including 35 questions had been designed according to Likert Scales and sent to them. At the end, 94 of the questionnaires received and being analyzed. The results show that elements such as not efficient knowledge about accounting, unsuitable controlling methods, weak culture of shareholding, choosing inappropriate economical activities, lack of qualified reporting, and lack of primary investment affecting creation of financial challenges in Fars Province cooperative companies.

A major factor of regions development is the internal economic conditions of that region. Cooperative sector, as one of three components of the economical system, aims to enhance these conditions. In border regions, border cooperatives as ambassadors of border community can play a major role in Development and security of the region.12 such border-community cooperatives have been founded in Southern Khorasan province which has more than 430 Km of common border with the country of Afghanistan. In this study, Darmiyan border-community cooperatives were selected as analysis unit in 2010. These cooperatives operate in the two sub-districts of this county, Gazeek and Tabas- e- Masina. There are 12755 members in these cooperatives, including 2699 families. Sample size was determined to be 140 families. A number of managers of these cooperatives were interviewed and were asked to fill out questionnaires. The similar problems of these cooperatives were analyzed in the field by using qualitative and quantitative methods. In conclusion, the research used research hypotheses to utilized strategic planning method and SWOT analysis and provides various scenarios for these cooperatives in the region & among these some of the strategies & objectives were selected and presented as superior. Also pathology of these cooperatives was presented by using strategies derived from SWOT matrix to provide major suggestion for this region.

In this research which is carried out by descriptive-analytic method in 2010, it is tried to illustrate theoretical framework of small and handicraft industries in rural areas relying on the activities of cooperative companies in entrepreneurship and development of villages with more realizing survey. The method of data collocation was library studies and utilizing domestic and foreign scientists’ point of view. The results revealed that in current condition of the country & the continued draughts which have resulted in many damages to agriculture and living conditions in rural societies, by giving diversity to the economical conditions of rural people, especially establishing small & handicraft industries regarding multi dimensional corporation of rural people in form of autonomous cooperatives in production can provide engagement and stable development of rural districts.Acceptable level of welfare, entrepreneurship and quality for all people of society and also acquiring stable national development are counted as important goals of programmers in all countries especially in developing societies. Meanwhile, the welfare level of rural people as the poorest people of these societies should be noticed by managers. Since the most poorest of rural people have no agricultural land or just have a little farm, making diversity to non-agricultural activities in these areas will lead to entrepreneurship, decrease poverty and create proportional welfare in these small societies. To this end industrialization of villages relying on performance of small and handicraft industries in addition to resolve strained circumstances resulted from non-employment and poverty and effects of environmental and production crisis in villages, will be indicated as key element in decreasing unequal situation in socioeconomic development of villages. Certainly if these politics are accompanied with multidimensional corporation of rural people in form of cooperative companies, they will effectively resolve problems resulted from socioeconomic shortage of villages.

In this age, organizations can quickly respond to environment changes by empowering their employees. This issue is so important that organizations can’t achieve their goals effectively without empowered employees. To this end the purpose of this paper is to identify key factors of employees’ empowerment in Ministry of Cooperatives in 2010. This paper tries to identify and categorize these factors and their elements through factor analysis and accordingly offers necessary suggestions to fulfill this goal. The results indicated that the most important factors of employees’ empowerment are: Job enlargement, organizational commitment, responsibility, job enrichment, and self esteem. Accordingly seven vital suggestions for employees empowerment in Ministry of Cooperatives are: Job enlargement and enrichment, participation and teamwork, education and making opportunity for experiencing, encouraging and rewarding based on performance, access to information and resources, clear organizational mission, vision, and goals and clear employee’s task, delegated authority and decentralization.