فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی زنان
پیاپی 59 (بهار 1392)

The women's employment status, and the legal, political and planned preparations for this issue, in the line with achieving favorable status of the policy making system, are some significant issues in the scope of women and family. Undoubtedly, the content and the way the policy making system works on the issue, are the most effective factors in determining its status. Based on it, this study is conducted to investigate the Islamic Republic of Iran's policy making in the scope of women's employment, and to describe the current condition of the policy making in this field. According to the purpose of the study, the texts of all of the policies and enacted laws in the main policy making and legislative entities of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Majlis, Ministers Board, Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution and Expediency Council) have been examined through statistics and specifying the subjects and topics which are in relation to women's employment policies and laws. Social policy making with an enormous orientation towards encouraging-promoting policies, including women's appropriate employment and women's unconditional employment, and another enormous orientation towards supporting policies, covering the support of employed women and the support of unemployed women, have been taken into account. However, lots of current policies have not been operated, thus they have been remained as a kind of motto.

Nowadays, two approaches of family status have been considered due to globalization process.In the first approach, changes in structures and functions of the family are considered as symbols of destruction and crisis in the contemporary family; while in the second one, the changes happened in the traditional family are evaluated in favor of family form varieties. In many countries, numerous laws and policies have been passed towards the late approach which have resonated the family crisis.In this research, it is tried to investigate the macro and local policies of Islamic republic of Iran about the family while studying the global policies supporting conceptual and functional changes of the family in the western societies.This is conducted through documentary method, using the policy searching approach with emphasis on policy assessment.Policy making trend in Islamic republic of Iran shows that the passed macro policies are totally family-oriented and completely in contrast with pluralistic global policies about forms and the concept of the family.Towards plurality of family-oriented laws, policies have been passed in accordance with global policies in Islamic republic of Iran. Although mentioned policies do not directly result in family deterioration, but they could disturb and weaken the favorite pattern of family through social damaged such as divorce increasing, marriage decreasing, less fertilizing and etc.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the social factors influencing Female-Headed Household's responsibility in Kashan and Aran & Bidgol, using Survey Method and data collection was the Questionnaire. The sample population of the research is 206 people. The data for this study were collected in June 2013. The results show that there is a significant relationship between Responsibility and some important social variables. In particular, it was observed that factors such as Life Pressures, Satisfaction of Motherhood, Life Satisfaction and Religious Commitment have relationship with the Responsibility; It means that, parallel to rise of Life Pressures, Satisfaction of Motherhood, Life Satisfaction and Religious Commitment, Responsibility goes up, and vice versa. In Multivariate Analysis and Path Analysis, it was observed that the most important variables that affect the Responsibility include: 1. Satisfaction of Motherhood; 2. Life Pressures; 3. Life Satisfaction. In other words, having the Satisfaction of being a Mother and Life Satisfaction among Female-Headed Households play an important role in accepting Responsibility for the care of children or other persons under their Supervision. Also, Regression Analysis showed that Life Pressures not only doesn’t reduce the amount of Responsibility, but rather parallel to the Life Pressures, level of Responsibility among Female-Headed Households is also high.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological characteristics of the wife include two criteria: (attractiveness, fitness, physical fitness, age and spouses) religious beliefs wife include: (Morality and faith) and their relationship is Homogamy in mate selection. Among the 3549 patients in this population of unmarried male and female university students in 1389 arranged 178 male students and 170 female students and a total of 348 subjects were selected by random sampling. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire for assessing the validity of the construct validity and reliability of the factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha was used. The results show that religious beliefs and morphological characteristics of the Homogamy in mate selection, there is a significant positive relationship. Results indicate that the standard morphological methods for male students compared to female students of the wife is more important. Religious beliefs of the criteria for female students compared to male students is important. Other results indicate that 38% of the students tend to choose their partners among their ethnicity. Whereas only 26% of students tend to choose his wife from among close relatives.

This research is concerned with the success of family and the effect of family of orientation on it. The notion of successful family is defined in terms of current theoretical foundations; and the components like cordiality and sympathy, the independence of the family members, satisfaction, and fulfillment of the needs of family members, the solidarity of family, and the domination of moral-Islamic values in family have been considered. Having defined these components, the status of families has been evaluated. Then, the success of the family of orientation as an independent variable influencing the family success has been explained. The survey method has been used in this research and the information used in the survey is taken from families living in Tehran which have been married for at least five years and have at least one child. The total number of sample families is 367. The descriptive results of the research showed that the level of success of 6 percent of families in Tehran is weak, 66 percent of them have medium and normal level of health, and 28 percent of them are in a desirable level of health. And the explanatory results showed that there is a strong relation between family success and the success of the family of orientation. Whatever happens in the family of orientation influences the way in which the children behave in the future.

The third wave of feminism introduces indigenous patterns and takes an Islamic appearance to defend feminism, and makes use of new interpretations of religious texts to employ religious concepts in the service of the feminist movement. In contrast, the opponents of Islamic feminism consider this concept to be contradictory and focus on the two concepts of "Islam" and "feminism" to challenge the conceptual possibility of this combination. In this paper first the Islamic feminism and the opinions of its advocates and opponents are reviewed and then the different approaches in this area are categorized. Three groups with different strategies to limit the concept of Islam, Islam-oriented and modern equality-oriented strategies are discussed as advocates and three groups, namely with emphasis on the concept of feminism, with emphasis on the failure Islamic feminism and with emphasis on the verbal logic behind Islamic feminism are identified as opponents. After reviewing the opinions of the proponents and opponents The results suggest that due to the extent of the conceptual scope of the two main concepts of Islamic feminism, namely "feminism" and "Islam", we cannot claim a possibility or an impossibility for this concept. Obviously, when considering the conceptual possibility of Islamic feminism it is necessary to pay attention to its conceptual contexts like feminism and Islam in the social context. Therefore, depending on the social context and range of the definitions of the two concepts we can decide on the possibility or impossibility of Islamic feminism.