مجله فیض
سال بیست و یکم شماره 6 (پیاپی 97، بهمن و اسفند 1396)

Due to the neuroprotective effect of rosemary extract, this study aimed at examining the effect of co-treatment of adipose stem cells transplantation and the extract on memory disability of parkinsonian rats.
In this experimental study, male parkinsonian rats were prepared by bilateral injection of 6-OHDA. The sham group was injected normal saline into the substantia nigra. The extract駧抺 group was gavaged with the extract 14 days before until 8 weeks after the injury, and the medium was intravenously injected. The extract燩 group was orally gavaged with the extract and the cells were injected. Morris water maze training was conducted one week before and after the lesion and also a retrieval test was performed 4 and 8 weeks after the lesion.
There was no significant difference in distance moved and escape latency at training days, before the injury, between the groups. However, a week after the injury, learning ability in lesioned animals was significantly decreased as compared to the sham group (P The cell therapy accompanied with orally administration of the rosemary extract can improve memory deficit in Parkinson’s disease.

Diabetes is the result of functional impairment of insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the Salvia officinalis (SO) extract on serum levels of albumin, total protein and serum sodium and potassium electrolytes.
In this experimental study, 50 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 10. The control group received food and water, the diabetic group received 60 mg/kg streptozotocin, the SO-treated control group received 400 mg/kg of SO daily, and the SO-treated diabetic groups received 200 and 400 mg/kg of SO daily. Injections were performed intraperitoneally. After 21 days, the blood sample was taken from the heart to measure the factors.
The serum concentration of potassium in the diabetic group showed a significant increase compared to the control group and showed a significant decrease in the treated diabetic group compared to the diabetic group. The serum concentration of sodium in the diabetic group was significantly lower than the control group. Also, the serum concentrations of albumin and total proteins in the diabetic group significantly decreased compared to the control group and these concentrations significantly increased in the treated diabetic groups compared to the diabetic group. Moreover, the serum levels of albumin and total proteins in the treated control group significantly increased compared to the control group (P≤0.05).
The antioxidant compounds of the SO extract can increase the serum concentrations of total protein, albumin, potassium and sodium and have been proven effective in reducing complications of diabetes.

Due to the application of carbon nanotubes in biological fields and the possibility of their toxic effects, this study was conducted to examine the toxic effect of multi-wall carbon nanotubes on ovaries in rats.
In this experimental study, 50 rats were studied as follows: control group received normal saline, and experimental groups received the concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg of multi-wall carbon nanotubes functionalized with the carboxylic group in 8 steps intraperitoneally. Blood samples were collected in two phases (one day and 20 days after the last injection) and the serum hormone levels of FSH, LH, estrogen, and progesterone and also the amount of malondialdehyde were measured. In addition, the tissue sections of ovary were stained by hematoxylin-eosin and studied.
The results of the first stage showed a significant reduction in all hormones in all concentrations in the experimental group compared to the control group. In the second stage, the level of FSH increased significantly in exposure to 10 and 20mg/kg concentrations of nanotubes and the estrogen level increased by 20mg/kg concentration of nanotubes, but the LH and progesterone hormones showed no significant change compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the mean weight of the rats and the amount of malondialdehyde during the experiment. The histological results showed degradation of the granular layer, absence of corpus luteum and non-oocyte follicles in exposure to 10 and 20mg/kg concentrations of carbon nanotubes.
It seems that carbon nanotubes, along with probable accumulation in the ovary, with the effect of oxidative stress, affect the level of sex hormones and cause disorders in the ovarian tissue.

Abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids has been linked to a variety of different cardiovascular side effects. The use of medicinal herbs has been shown to reduce disease and cardiovascular disorders. This study aimed at examining the structural changes of the cardiac tissue in response to boldenone supplementation along with the alcoholic extract of jujuba during resistance training in male Wistar rats.
In this experimental study, 30 male Wistar rats aged 8-12 weeks (weight 202±9.34 g) were randomly divided into five groups: control, boldenone, extract of iujuba溉嵺稧, boldenone귫⊲횧 training and boldenone귫⊲횧 training笛歩 of jujuba. The resistance training program included climbing the ladder for 8 weeks, 3 days a week, 1 session training in a day and each session consisted of the 3 sets and 5 repetitions. Injection was conducted in depth in the hamstring once a week, on an appointed day. After anesthesia, autopsy was performed and the cardiac tissue was isolated.
The results showed that boldenone caused tissue damage, hyperemia, abnormal cytoplasm and unclear and dispersed nuclei. In the boldenone귫⊲횧 training group, the heart tissue had high levels of hyperemia and the muscle cells were a little abnormal. In the boldenone軨 group, appearance of the tissue was normal and a restorative effect was evident in the tissue.
It seems that boldenone can cause structural damage to the heart tissue and the resistance training along with the jujube extract can reduce some of the cardiovascular disorders (necrosis and inflammation) caused by the use of anabolic steroids.

The use of plants for therapeutic purposes is the source of many modern medical treatments. In this study, at first, the cytotoxicity of the Foeniculum vulgare (Fennel) extract on cancer cells was studied. Then, TERT gene expression changes were estimated via induction of cancer and extract treatment.
At first, different concentrations of the Fennel extract were obtained for cell morphology and the MTT assay. Afterwards, cancer in mice was induced. Sampling was performed to determine changes in gene expression after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. After that, RNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized, and gene expression changes were studied.
Results showed an inhibitory effect on both cell lines at 50% inhibition (IC50) of proliferation at 200 µg/ml after 72 hours using the MTT assay. The morphology results in the third day in 100 and 200 concentrations showed that the extract caused complete degeneration and destruction of cancer cells. The results of analysis of the graphs revealed that the expression of TERT gene in treated cancer samples decreased on days 7, 14 and 28 compared with the control.
The Fennel extract has dual effects on cancer cells through initiating intracellular events. In high concentrations, the extract stimulates proliferative growth in cancer cells and in low concentrations it has inhibitory effects on cell growth and proliferation. In the evaluation of the extract on TERT gene expression, a reduction was observed in gene expression on days 7, 14 and 28. Therefore, the Fennel extract can affect the gene expression through its effect on molecular pathways.

Angiogenesis is a major event in many diseases such as cancer. Today, using silver nanoparticles in industry and medicine has taken into consideration. The Achillea biebersteinii extract has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The present study aimed at examining the effects of silver nanoparticles coated with the A. biebersteinii extract on angiogenesis of chick chorioallantoic membrane.
In this experimental study, 50 fertilized eggs Ross were randomly divided into 5 groups: the sham and experimental groups 1 to 4. In the second day of incubation, the window was opened on eggs and the eggs were treated with 50, 100, 150 and 200 μg/mL silver nanoparticles. At the twelfth day, the samples were photographed and the number and lengths of vessels around the sponges, the length of crown-rump, fetal weight and blood vessel's hemoglobin levels were recorded and compared with the control group.
The results showed that the 50 μg/mL of silver nanoparticles had no significant effect on the angiogenesis process. However, 100,150 and 200 μg/mL of the nanoparticles doses-dependently decreased the number, length and content of hemoglobin in the blood vessels. Also, fetal weight and crown-rump in concentrations 150 and 200 μg/mL showed a significant decrease compared with the control group (P Silver nanoparticles coated with A. biebersteinii extracts can be considered in the studies of diseases associated with angiogenesis such as cancer.

It is estimated that approximately half of the planet's population is infected with Helicobacter pylori and 70%-60% of the infections in the Western countries are caused by cagA-positive strains. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of cagA, cagT, cagE, vacA and hrgA genes in H. pylori isolated from patients with gastric cancer.
A total of 50 non-repetitive biopsy samples were collected from patients undergoing endoscopy in the endoscopic center of the Shahid Fayaz Hospital in Karaj. The presence of cagA, cagT, cagE, vacA and hrgA genes was determined using the multiplex PCR method.
Of the 50 gastric biopsies, 44 samples (88%) were positive for the presence of various virulence genes. The molecular analysis of virulence factors showed that the prevalence rates of cagA, cagT, cagE, vacA and hrgA genes were 16 (32%), 8 (16%), 13 (26%), 7 (14%) and 17 (34%), respectively. There was a significant relationship between sex, smoking and gastric ulcer with some genes, but no significant relationship was found between the family history and age group with any of the genes.
The presence of various pathogenic genes has a significant effect on gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastric cancer. The effects of other genes, such as hrgA, are important in tissue damage and inflammatory responses.

The miR Let-7g expression has been investigated in several cancers but no report is available on cervical cancer patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between miR Let-7g expression and the risk of cervical cancer in human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected patients.
In this case-control study, 20 paraffin-embedded tissue samples were collected from HPV-infected cervical cancer patients, 20 samples from patients with no infection and 20 healthy women referred to the Mirzakochak Khan Jangali Hospital in Tehran in 2015. Then, the miR Let-7g gene expression was measured by the real-time polymerase chain reaction method.
The results showed that miR Let-7g expression was decreased in HPV-infected and non-infected cervical cancer patients compared to the control group (P=0.0001and P=0.03, respectively). There was a significant decrease in miR Let-7g expression in HPV-infected patients compared to non-infected ones (P=0.0001). Also, a positive correlation was observed between decreased miR Let-7g expression and the stage of the disease, but no significant correlation was found between age of the patients and the level of gene expression in the studied population.
According to the results of the present study, the miR Let-7g expression in cervical cancer patients is significantly decreased compared to the control group. Therefore, evaluation of the microRNA expression can be used as a valuable prognostic marker for early diagnosis of cervical cancer.

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are defined as mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), which do not cause tuberculosis or leprosy. Early and precise diagnosis of NTM is particularly important for the correct epidemiological control and specific treatments. The aim of this study was to identify the mycobacterium species isolated from patients referred to hospitals in Tehran using the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method.
In this cross-sectional descriptive study, a collection of isolates (n=20) was obtained from clinical specimens submitted to the Masoud Laboratory in Tehran, Iran, during 2014-2015. The strains were isolated from sputum, urine, blood, and various sterile body fluid specimens. Chromatography was conducted at a flow rate with a curvilinear gradient of methanol and methylene chloride, beginning at 98% methanol containing 2% methylene chloride and ending at 35% methanol contained in 65% methylene chloride.
From a total of 20 clinical isolates, 8 isolates (40%) were identified as Mycobacterium abscessus, 6 isolates (30%) M. tuberculosis, 3 isolates (15%) M. intracellulare and 3 isolates (15%) M. fortuitum.
For the proper treatment, rapid differentiation between MTB and NTM should be performed in persons who are diagnosed with or are suspected of having infectious TB disease. So, the HPLC method can be suggested as a cost-effective, specific and reliable method for rapid identification of MTB and differentiation of NTM strain from positive cultures isolated from clinical specimens.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in woman. The frequency of amplification of some proto-oncogenes like c-Myc gene may be various in different populations. In this study, amplification of c-Myc oncogene was determined in breast cancer patients and its correlation with prognostic factors such as age, tumor size, tumor stage, grade of the disease, lymph node involvement, HER/2 protein expression, estrogen and progesterone receptors and recurrence was also investigated.
In this study, to determine the amplification of c-Myc oncogenes in breast cancer patients, the multiplex PCR technique was used. After extracting DNA from 100 tumor tissue and 8 normal breast tissue samples, amplification of c-Myc gene was determined by coamplification of a single-copy reference gene, g-IFN, and the target gene c-myc in PCR reaction and using the Gel analyzer software. In the next step, the correlation of the amplification of this gene with other prognostic factors was investigated.
In this study, amplification of the c-Myc gene was observed in 27% of the tumor samples. The statistic analysis showed that amplification of the c-Myc oncogene was significantly associated with the recurrence of breast cancer. There was no significant correlation between amplification of the c-Myc oncogene and other prognostic factors including age, estrogen and progesterone receptors, lymph node involvement, HER/2 expression, tumor size, stage and grade of the disease.
Amplification of the c-Myc gene can be used as an independent prognostic factor in predicting the recurrence in breast cancer patients.

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease in humans and animals and a public health problem throughout the world. Given that measuring changes in the levels of trace elements is a good marker for the diagnosis of infectious diseases from non-infectious ones, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the serum levels of copper and zinc and brucellosis.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with the brucellosis disease and the subjects were divided into two groups of case and control (n=50 in each group). The serum levels of copper and zinc were measured using the automatic absorptive spectrophotometer.
From a total of 100 patients, 31 patients (31%) were females and 69 (69%) were males. The mean age of the patients in the case group was 32.74±13.7 years and in the control group was 33.44±13.6 years. The results showed that the serum copper level was significantly increased and the zink level significantly decreased in the patients with brucellosis (P It seems that the serum levels of copper and zinc can be used as a valid marker for the diagnosis of brucellosis.

Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common disease of the fifth cranial nerve. This study aimed at evaluating the epidemiology of patients with the trigeminal neuralgia referred to Imam Clinic in Hamedan City, Iran.
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 40 patients with trigeminal neuralgia symptoms were studied. Diagnosis of patients was made based on the history, physical examination and paraclinical tests.
This study was conducted on 27 (67.5%) females and 13 (32.5%) males with the mean ages of 43.3±16.9 and 51.7±21.5 years, respectively (P=0.526).The incidence of this disease was higher among young women than others. The right side involvement was detected in 47.5%, left side involvement in 40% and bilateral involvement in 12.5% of the cases. Regarding the engaged nerve branch, simultaneous engagement of maxillary and mandibular nerves was seen in 47.5%, mandibular in 27.5%, maxillary in 20%, and ophthalmic in 5% of the individuals. The primary causes were seen in 42.5% and secondary causes in 57.5% of the cases. Among the secondary causes, face surgery and multiple sclerosis had the highest rate (39.1%), followed by tumors (21.7%). Also, 65% of the patients had normal MRI and 35% had abnormal one.
Due to the similar symptoms of the disease such as dental pain, and also maxillofacial surgery in the elderly as one of the most common secondary causes of this disease, facial surgeons and dentists should know more about this disease to avoid unnecessary surgeries.