مجله مطالعات علوم پزشکی
سال بیست و نهم شماره 5 (امرداد 1397)

Obesity is one of the most important diseases with rising prevalence that causes different kinds of physical and psychiatric health problems .The relationship between obesity and depression is controversial. We designed this study to evaluate the possible relationship in women referring to health centers of Urmia city.
In a descriptive study 637 women aged 16-65 years old referring to health centers of Urmia city were enrolled and entered to the study. Body weight, height and body mass index (BMI) of all participants were measured. Individual information were recorded in a questionnaire. Depressive symptoms assessed by Beck depression inventory (BDI). The data were analyzed by independent sample T-test, Chi-square, Log linear and ANOVA tests using SPSS version 16. The level of statistical significance was settled as p Among all study subjects depression score increased as in the same line with BMI (Pv =0.015 r=0.096). Also there was a positive correlation between age and depression (r=0.115, PV= 0.004). The mean of depression score in overweight and obese women was significantly higher than normal weight and lean women (PV =0.001).
Depression score increased with increased BMI in women. We suggest to future researchers to conduct studies about the relationship between obesity and depression in women and also possible involvement of factors such as job, self-satisfaction of the body appearance, sedentary life, and also their familial and social status. Adequate training is also suggested to raise women awareness of the complications of obesity and overweight.

Synchronization in activated regions of cortical networks affect the brain’s frequency response, which has been associated with a wide range of states and abilities, including memory. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of brainwave synchronization in beta band by binaural beats on improvement of visuospatial working memory in subjects with borderline personality disorder traits.
The present quasi-experimental study designed with a pre-test and post-test control group. In this regard, 30 college student with Borderline personality traits were chosen by borderline personality inventory (BPI), and randomly divided into two groups of experimental and control(each N=15). All subjects were evaluated with the Corsi Blocks Test in pre-test and post-test stages. The participants in experiment group received 15 Hz binaural beats for 12 minutes. The data were analyzed with ANCOVA.
Results demonstrated that 15 Hz binaural beats produce significant improvements in visuospatial working memory in subjects with borderline personality disorder traits (p Due to the importance of working memory in many daily activities and its deficit in borderline personality disorder, using 15 Hz binaural beats can promote visuospatial working memory in this subjects.

Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia, it is a chronic and progressive degenerative disorder and affects cognitive functions. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the effectiveness of cognitive stimulation therapy and Montessori-based dementia programming on cognitive function on people with Alzheimer's disease.
The research method was a semi-experimental pre-test and post-test with control group. 34 Alzheimer's patients were selected as available sampling. They were randomly assigned into three groups: the first experimental group (interventional technique: cognitive stimulation therapy), the second experimental group (interventional technique: Montessori-based dementia programming) and control group. The measurement tools consisted of MMSE cognitive test questionnaire, the mini-cog test, CDR memory test, and quality of life questionnaire.
Multivariate covariance analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the cognitive stimulation therapy group and Montessori based dementia programming group in MMSE test, CDR test and the mini-cog test scores. Calculating the effect size among subjects showed that the CST is more effective.
Although cognitive stimulation therapy is more effective than Montessori based Dementia programming, but both protocols can be used as effective non-pharmacological interventions to improve the cognitive functions in Alzheimer's patients.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of land, warm and normal water aerobic exercises on heart rate variability in recovery period on healthy young men.
In this study, subjects were randomly divided into four groups (control, Land aerobic exercise, normal water aerobic exercise, and warm water aerobic exercise) and performed regular aerobic exercises for 20 days. Heart rate variability was measured in three pre-test, recovery period after the first training session and post-test. For analysis of data, one-way and repeated measured ANOVA, Bonferroni's post hoc test and effect size were used.
Aerobic exercise land condition causes a significant change in low frequency, high frequency and ration of low-frequency to high frequency wavelengths during recovery and post-training (p In the recovery period, the aerobic exercise environment causes changes in the overcoming of sympathetic system, but the parasympathetic system does not affect the aerobic training environment. Also, after the short aerobic training period, the training environment causes changes in overcoming of sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered as a chronic and autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of neuromuscular exercises on balance and motor function of female with MS.
In this semi-experimental study, 20 female with MS with expanded disability status scale (EDSS) between one and three were selected and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group participated in the exercise program for eight weeks, control group did not receive a special exercise program. Balance and motor function of subjects were measured using Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and timed up and go (TUG) test before and after the exercise period in both groups. The paired sample t-test and covariate were run to find the difference at significant level of p According to the information analysis, there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in the balance and motor function of women with MS (p According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that this exercise program will be effective in improving the balance and motor function of MS patients. Therefore, this treatment plan is recommended for this group of patients.

The CDK inhibitor (CDKI) protein p27kip1 (p27) negatively regulates cyclin D–CDK4 complex in the G1 phase. Alterations in the expression of p27 kip1 cause a degradation of cell growth and promote the development of various diseases. Aberrant methylation patterns have been reported in large number of diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the methylation pattern of p27 kip1 gene promoter in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and normal subjects.
Methylation specific PCR (MSP) was performed on 230 normal controls and 125 samples of patients with UC. Statistical analysis was performed using MedCalc software.
The p27kip1 promoter was methylated in 16.8% (21/125) of UC and in 4.8% (11/230) of normal samples. The difference in p27 kip1 methylation between the UC and normal groups was statistically significant (P Methylation of p27kip1 may contribute to UC development. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm this result.

Regarding the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder of all ages and its adverse effects in childhood and adolescence, it is necessary to review and evaluate new therapies with low complications and appropriate treatment effects. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on reducing selective attention deficit in secondary adolescent school girls with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
This study was semi experimental with pretest, posttest and a control group. The population of the study included all girls suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder in Koohdasht high schools in the academic year of 2011-2012. After random selection of four high schools, screening was conducted using obsessive-compulsive inventory questionnaire and interviewing; then 30 students were selected by purposeful sampling. They were randomly assigned into two groups. From both groups, the stroop color-word test was performed to measure selective attention; then a cognitive rehabilitation program was conducted on the control group for 12 sessions.
After intervention cognitive rehabilitation, interaction scores in selective attention in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group (P The results of this study showed that cognitive rehabilitation is effective in improving the attentional attention of patients with OCD. Therefore, it is suggested that, in addition to psychological interventions, cognitive rehabilitation interventions should be used as an integrated, applied and supportive therapeutic approach along with psychotherapy by specialists in this field.

There are different methods concerning the exercise time duration, but information about its various models in middle-aged men is yet inadequate. The present study was meant to decide the interval training effects on losing weight and lipid profile and compare its efficiency with continuous training.
The statistical population of this randomized trial (the CONSORT statement) research consisted of 82 middle-aged men (age 45 to 65 years old) via overweight or obesity who had come to the Hermas Sports Club of Zahedan during the summer of 2017. In the beginning, participants fulfilled anthropometric measurements for body height and weight after getting a medical certificate. Body mass index was computed as body weight (kg) /height (m2). Following these steps, they were classified according to BMI into overweight or obese. Of all 82 participants, 70 persons ended the study. They were randomly partitioned into two groups, including continuous training, and interval training. The weight assessment parameters, including the change in weight and body composition, blood sample tests were performed before and 12 weeks after the study.
Compared to baseline, all parameters changed significantly in the groups. The increase in High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) within the groups showed a significant difference (P Both experimental groups confirmed a similar weight cut. Interval training impact on lipid profile had some advantage as compared to the continuous training. These findings will improve our knowledge about exercise time models for middle-aged men and while preventing cardiovascular accidents can contribute to choosing more effective exercise training program for losing weight.