نشریه مدیریت سلامت
پیاپی 56 (تابستان 1393)

Major part of health expenditure is paid directly by households in most of developing countries. This catastrophic expenditure is entailed on families. Assessing important determinants of Out Of Pocket Payment (OOP) is one of the key issues in health care finance. This study uses Iranian household income expenditure in 2005-2010 annually provided by statistical center of Iran using a two part model for assessing these factors. This was a cross-sectional analytical study in which sampling was based on a multi-stage method. The sample size changed from 26882 to 38260 households. The results showed that out of Pocket payments up to 74% increased during this period. High income households paid 2.5 times more than low income groups while probability of utilization for them was 17% more. Confidence of insurance indicates insurance systems succeeded in reducing only 15% of household insure expenditure whereas the probability of using health services increased only by 2%. Social demographic variables such as the number of the elderly, household size and urbanization increased OOP by 20%, 23% and 54%, respectively. During the study period, there was substantial inequality among different income groups. As if better off households had a higher chance of paying and using health care services. Moreover, the elderly, household dimension, urbanization and not having insurance coverage are the most important factors responsible for OOP. To reduce inequality, policy makers must provide the conditions to increase the role of social insurance in health finance and to make the services less expensive for the elderly..

Human life is influenced by colors in several ways. Principles of color design and appropriate use of each color are important elements in providing a suitable environment in health care organizations. This research was aimed to review color therapy and its application in health care organizations such as hospitals.Literature Review: This research was a review study which was aimed to introduce the color therapy and its influence on humans’ body and mind. In this study, we used 5 keywords, several search engines and 120 articles and 78 references. Color therapy could be viewed from diverse aspects such as its role in different cultures. Decreasing physical and psychological disorders and its effect on working climate, industry, creativity and in particular medical and hospital settings are just some of the examples of color therapy. Although color therapy has several benefits, it may be injurious, when we could not use color therapy appropriately. Some physicians and psychologists have questioned color therapy and believe that its effect, if any at all, is temporally. However, color therapy, if used as a complement seems to be reasonable to improve patients’ mental state in hospitals and medical centers.

Co-authorship network is a kind of social network that presents significant information about collaboration among authors, which is one of the most important factors of the qualitative and quantitative growth of the scientific publication. Regarding the fact that during 2000-2012, Pharmacy and Pharmacology has had the most number of publications in WoS among institutions belonging to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MHME), in this research, the co-authorship network of this field is investigated and analyzed. The results of this study can clarify the dimensions of collaboration in the field and help research policy as well. The present study was conducted through scientometric method and social network analysis. The data were drawn from the WoS, downloaded in June 2013, and analyzed by PAJEK software. The research population included 3514 Pharmacy and Pharmacology documents published by universities affiliated to the MHME during 2012-2000. The results of the study showed that the majority of collaborations of the Iranian researchers have been from England, USA and Canada, respectively. Co-authorship network of researchers consisted of 90 nodes (authors) and density degree of the network is 0.084. There is a strong linear correlation between the number of publications and degree centrality of authors at the 1 % level. The degree density of the network under study (.084) shows that this network has a low density. In fact, authors (nodes) in the network have had few relations with each other. This research also revealed that researchers with more publications are likely to have more collaborative works.

Scientific collaboration is a process in which two or more authors share their ideas, resources, and data to create a joint work. This research attempted to study co-authorship, being a kind of scientific collaboration, in Iranian cardiovascular articles in Web of Science during 2002-2011.

The present research is. The population of this descriptive-analytical research study constituted Iranian cardiovascular articles indexed in WoS during 2002-2011. Indicators such as Collaboration Index (CI), Degree of Collaboration (DC) and Collaboration Coefficient (CC) were calculated to measure level of collaboration.

Articles published in cardiovascular field showed an ascending trend especially since 2002. Three-authored articles were the most and personal articles were the least frequent ones. Scholars were shown to be more interested in national collaboration based on Nationalization Index and according to collaboration indicators, scientific collaboration of cardiovascular researchers is also increasing.

Year 2002 can be considered as the inception of growth in scientific activities in cardiovascular field. Considering the interdisciplinary nature of the field, the present more tendency to scientific collaboration is an advantage that can play a major role in causing drastic improvements.

Organizations require knowledge management and the use of information to increase work efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine the success factors of knowledge management in health center networks in Bushehr province in 2013. The study was a descriptive - correlational and applied survey. The study population (240 patients) included health care staff in four Health Network Centers: Tangistan, dashti, Bushehr, and Dashtestan in Bushehr province in 2013. Using Morgan Table, 160 samples were randomly selected. Data was collected by a questionnaire (knowledge management factors) consisting of 32 questions designed by Moghimi. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by highly qualified teachers. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to determine reliability (.9). Friedman test and factor analysis were used to analyze the data. All factors (staff training, benchmarking, performance measurement, knowledge structure, information system infrastructure, organizational culture, employee participation and staff empowerment leadership and the commitment of senior managers and valuable team work) showing the average ranking of above 3, influence knowledge management in healthcare network centers in Bushehr province. In this ranking, on the basis of Friedman test, the participation of employees with an average of 6.74 had the highest influence and knowledge structure with an average of 4.09 had the lowest influence on knowledge management. In the networks of health care, all the above factors appeared to have a significant effect on knowledge management. Determining and prioritizing the effective factors of knowledge management in health care environments would lead to better services facilitating learning and research.

Effective sharing of knowledge among faculty members is one of the most important prerequisites fo quality in science and research. The purpose of this paper was to examine the organizational factors influencing knowledge sharing (including culture, structure, leadership and strategy) among faculty members in the field of medicine. The present study was based on mixed method and applied research which was conducted in 2012. The study population constituted 423 faculty members of medical universities and research centers in Iran selected by means of stratified sampling using a questionnaire, the face and content validity of which were confirmed bythe experts. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for each scale dimension was more than 0.8; thus, the reliability of the instrument was confirmed. For data analysis, statistical software SPSS15, using Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used. According to the statistical results,. About 13 percent of faculty members perceived the condition of organizational culture favorable and only 6 percent of them evaluated the condition of knowledge sharing appropriate. 16 percent of faculties evaluated leadership and about 12 percent evaluated organizational strategies appropriate. There was a significant relationship between organizational factors and intra- (P value=0.527) and inter- (Pvalue=0.488) organizational knowledge sharing. Due to the importance of organizational factors in educational and research centers, it is recommended that knowledge management in general and knowledge sharing in specific be taken into consideration with a particular attention to the various aspects of this issue from different dimensions in organizations

Recently, the gap between academic theories of health management and human resource management as well as their organizational consequences has been appraised. `In response, some theories claiming they have achieved the best practice (bridging theory and practice) have been presented. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between evidence-based practice (EBP) and high performance human resource management practice (HPHRMP) with the perception service orientation climate (SOC) as their organizational outcome. This applied study, conducted in 2013 was descriptive and analytical in nature. Considering data collection, the study was based on a causative and correlation relationship. For data collection, 161 physicians were asked to fill out a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS for descriptive statistics using Cronbach’s alpha and Pearson correlation. LISREL software, using causative relationships and Structural equation modeling, was used for inferential analysis. Accuracy of hypotheses was confirmed, suggesting that HPHRMP and EBP separately can improve CuO through moderating EO and ClO. On the basis of the proposed research model, theoretical rhetoric include physician perceptions from HPHRMP and EBP can be good predictors for perceived outcome of SOC (including EO, ClO and CuO dimensions); thus, application of these practices in organizations especially in health sector is recommended. Key words: Theory-Practice Relation, High Performance Human Resource Management Practices, Evidence-Based Practices, Service Orientation Climate, Customer Orientation

Given the role of general practitioners in the family physician plan, it is important for policy makers and planners to know the factors influencing GP's decision to enter this plan. The purpose of this research is to extract preferences and factors affecting the decision of the physicians working in health– treatment centers affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This was an applied descriptive survey. In this study, the preferences of general practitioners affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences have been extracted. For this purpose, a discrete choice experiment was used. Data were collected through a questionnaire structured by D-Efficiency criteria using SAS software, designed by SPSS software, and analyzed by STATA12. Higher net income, employment in the place of residence, presence of a specified quota for PhD degree in family medicine, presence of housing and transportation facilities and lower covered population are preferred by GPs working in public sectors affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Among these attributes, service place was found to be 2 to 6 times more important than others. The attribute of settlement period did not show to have a significant affect. The importance of some attributes showed to be different in different socioeconomic groups. Designing the program with regard to the demographic characteristics of GPs can increase the probability of their entry and successful implementation of the the project. Moreover, given the high importance of the location of employment attribute, it seems that very attractive incentives should be considered to encourage general practitioners in the public sector to practice in remote areas.