نشریه تامین اجتماعی
سال دوازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 44، زمستان 1393)

This paper focuses on development trends in welfare policy and related driving factors from 1925 to 1978 in Iran. For this purpose, the development process has been studied in three historical periods from 1925 to 1941, 1941 - 1952. 1952 - 1978. Organizational and institutional development shows that different factors have affected the formation and development of welfare policies during each period. The Period (1925 - 1978) is known as the beginning of the formation of modern state in Iran implementing a variety of Institutionalization through nation-building and state building besides establishment of welfare framework. Since September 1941 and the fall that time goverment, the left party movement was activated and social demands played a great role in shaping the social welfare policies. But effectiveness of this factor was reduced almost since August 1952 and the Government tried to benefit from the increasing oil revenues in welfare domain. Therefore, it could provide welfare to different social groups. The whole study indicates that comprehensive service providing system and the population inclusiveness of social security and welfare domain have been developed during the above-mentioned periods.

In comparative welfare state analyses, cross-national differences have often been explained both by the specific profiles of welfare state institutions and the constellations of social actors. However, the way in which cultural differences also contribute to the explanation is often ignored, or at least treated as a more marginal issue. The aim of this article is to reflect on the relationship between culture and welfare state policies, and consider how it might be analysed in a comparative perspective. A theoretical framework for analysis is introduced in which the relationship of culture and welfare state policies is conceptualised as a complex, multi-level relationship which is embedded in the specific context of a particular society and can develop in contradictoy ways.

The key twin objectives of pension systems are consumption smoothing and covering the risk of longevity for members and their legal survivors. Accordingly, pension funds laws contribute to achieve these key objectives. The efficient pension laws would help to guarantee the sustainability of the system in the long run. In other words, laws that failed to take into account these objectives not only impose extra financial burden on the pension system, but also may pose undesirable social and economic effects. In this respect, economic analysis of pension laws would help lawmakers to make more efficient and implementable laws. This paper tries to give an economic analysis of pension fund laws in a general way in order to open more discussions on this issue among interested scholars in this field.

Unemployment is one of the major risks that especially affects the developing societies and causes themto face poverty and economic problems. Unemployment has severe socio-economic effects not only on the whole society, but also on the private life of each an individual. Certainly for this reason, one of the main objectives of the Governments is creating job opportunities and preventing unemployment. The important point of this study is the right of citizens to access the social security appropriate to their human dignity against the risk of loss of income and livelihood resources due to unemployment. In Iranian legal system, other than Articles (28) and (29) of the Constitution addressing the subject, Unemployment Insurance Law was also passed in 1369. This article surveys the ambiguities and issued votes of the Administrative Justice Tribunal. The ambiguities of law are: The qualifying conditions of providing unemployment insurance benefits, The accurate types of involuntary unemployment, The authorized entity for unemployment recognition, determining the period of providing unemployment benefits as well as the procedure of calculating the benefits. The study concluded that despite the inclusive groups being entitled to Social Security Law, only one group has been considered to benefit from the unemployment insurance law. Compulsory unemployment is the necessary qualifying condition for being entitled to the benefits of unemployment insurance law. In this regard, the General Board of the Administrative Justice Tribunal has issued various judgments. It should be noted that the Unemployment Insurance Fund belongs to the Social Security Organization, while, the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare has the responsibility of recognizing the subjects to this law besides determining the accurate date of unemployment - the issue has caused some disputes between the two entities. According to the Social Security Organization, the above-mentioned authorities usually perform due to some considerations without compliance to the regulated provisions. Therefore, amending the Unemployment Insurance Law is necessary.

Since health directly connected with prosperity and human dignity, always has considered as one of the main factors in assessing the society development. The right to health is a human right recognized as the second generation of human rights and seriously considered in the statements, Conventions and other regional and international instruments issued on this subject. Refering to the Islamic sources such Quranic verses, traditions and religious books shows that Islam has emphasized to the necessity of Preserving and improve human health. Islam has also recognized the right to health by establishing the concepts of “hygiene”, “preventive medicine” and etc.with regard to the provided by health care services to the insured by social security organization, we come to the point that the right to health will be closely related to the right to social security. Therefore, understanding the situation of the rigth to health in Islamic sources and standards of international law will help social security organization to improve their health services. This study focuses on the need to achieve this goal.

Payment of retirement pension and providing suitable living conditions for the insured is one of the most important functions of Iranian social insurance system. In this regard, Social Security Organization as the fundamental social insurance structure of the country has the responsibility of paying pension and providing health services to the insured and their dependents instead of receiving insurance contribution during the period of their working life. This study surveys the effective factors on the SSO pensioners’ welfare status covered by the Social Security General Office in Alborz Province, Branch No.1. The defined variables were analyzed using the SPSS software after being surveyed through the questionnaire. The results of analysis showed that there is a significant relationship between the amount of pension, social relationships, marital and educational status on the one hand, and the dependent variable, that is, the welfare status of retirees on the other hand. Meanwhile, the gender and age do not affect the dependent variable.

In today’s world of business, due to changes in global markets and increasing the importance of meeting customers’ demands, creating a competitive advantage, quality improvement, automation and re-engineering of business processes are the essential factors of enhancing business trend. These factors identify and meet the current and future requirements of the organizations and customers. Considering the high importance of information technologyin organizations, the extensive use of IT is not limited to the operating units, it applies to the whole organizational structure. Information technology provides the necessary information for supporting the operational, managerial, analytical and decision-making tasks. Establishment of IT structures in organizations leads to increase the diversity of products, quality improvement, customer satisfaction and the speed and quality of decision-making procedure of the managers. Moreover, in today’s changing environment, all of the SSO departments and its subsidiary companies (Tamin Construction and Transportation Holdings) should align with the strategic plan of the organization to succeed. Thus, the alignment and strategic conformity especially in business domain are of the organizational requirements and rapid changes in the IT environment is an integral part of the business world today. According to the influence of IT in various areas of business, the Information Technology Department plays a significant role in aligning the related strategies facilitating the organization’s operational procedures and creating the competitive advantage of innovation. Therefore, this study focuses on understanding the challenges and problems of the alignment with an overview on related methods. Using the reference model of Henderson and Venkatraman, Cubits and ITIL standards besides the comprehensive model of Luftman while considering IT and business components align with the integrated measures derived from these models, the maturity level of the organization alignment was assessed. Finally, taking the advantage of abov ementioned models in line with using necessary softwares and distributing questionnaire among the SSO and subsidiary company experts, the result of surveying shows a positive and effective relationship between the alignment competitive strategies and information technology and business strategies.

This study was aimed to survey the relationship between the employees occupational burnout and job satisfaction. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed to measure these variables. After confirming the validity and reliability of measurement instruments by the confirmatory analysis, the questionnaire was distributed among a sample consisting of 117 employees of Social Security General Office in Khuzestan province.The research is based on the descriptive correlational method. The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between job satisfaction and burnout. This means that increased burnout causes the reduced job satisfaction and vice versa. We can also express that among the index variables of burnout, the physical and emotional burnout play a significant role on job satisfaction.