مجله علمی پزشکی جندی شاپور
سال هفدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 115، مهر و آبان 1397)

  Chest pain is one of the major complications of tricuspid valve regurgitation. Propranolol is a non-selective beta blocker that is commonly used to treat hypertension, irregular heartbeat, and cardiac pain and migraine headaches. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of oral propranolol on chest pain in children with tricuspid valve regurgitation. In this clinical trial, 38 children aged 5 to 16 years with a symptom of chest pain due to moderate and severe tricuspid valve regurgitation were randomly divided into two groups. The case group was treated with propranolol 10 mg daily (1_0.5 mg/kg/d). Before and three months after the intervention, echocardiography was performed to assess the severity of tricuspid valve regurgitation, cardiac output, systolic and diastolic pressure and pulmonary blood pressure. In addition, patients were questioned about the duration and frequency of chest pain. There was no significant difference between two groups in the frequency and percentage of sex, location, associated heart disease and pain severity. Before intervention, pulmonary blood pressure, tricuspid valve regurgitation and ejection fraction were not significantly different between intervention and control groups. Tricuspid valve regurgitation had a significant and positive correlation with pulmonary blood pressure (p Propranolol significantly reduces chest pain in children with tricuspid valve regurgitation.

  Considering non-invasive, sensitivity and appropriateness of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and its ability to detect prostate lesions in the early stages; this study aimed to review the MRS efficacy to distinguish benign and malignant prostate lesions, systematically. PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Cochran and Scopus databases were explored using the MRS & prostate, prostate, prostatitis, BPH, and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy keywords. The obtained results were screened for the Title and abstract by to authors and the relevant papers were reviewed for further details. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MRS were 74.03%, 74.27% and 77.26%, respectively, in differentiating benign and malignant prostate lesions. The increase of choline and myoinozytol, reduction of citrate and polyamine, and the ratio of the higher sum of choline and creatine to citrate in malignant lesions are presented as the main markers. MRS as a non-invasive method has an optimal sensitivity, specificity and accuracy compared with other clinical and pathological methods.

  Post-endodontic pain is one of the main problems for both patients and clinicians. The purpose of this study was to compare the analgesic effect of single doses of three oral medications of ibuprofen, naproxen and sulindac in management of postoperative pain following root canals treatment (RCT).
Subjects and This randomized controlled triple-blinded study was conducted on 100 patients with irreversible pulpitis. The patients were randomly divided into four groups of 25 patients each: the control group received placebo and three experimental groups received single dose of either ibuprofen (400 mg), naproxen (500 mg) or sulindac (200 mg) 30 minutes before treatment. The intensity of pain was measured base on visual analog scale (VAS) at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 72 hours after routine root canals treatment. The pain scores were not significantly different immediately after intervention (time 0) between the control and study groups. At the 3,6,12 and 24 h postoperative intervals, the intensity of pain in the experimental groups was significantly lower than placebo (P<0.001). Ibuprofen was significantly more effective than naproxen and sulindac at 3 and 6 h postoperative (P<0.05). The analgesic effect of naproxen and sulindac were similar at all time points. A single oral dose of ibuprofen, naproxen and sulindac before root canal treatment reduced postoperative pain. However, premedication with ibuprofen is more effective in the first 6 hrs in controlling post-endodontic pain than naproxen and sulindac.

Background & Bacillus anthracis is the cause of the fatal anthrax. Using of vaccine is one of the effective ways to combat anthrax. Vaccines should be biocompatible and non-toxic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bacillus anthraise recombinant protective, free and encapsulated antigen cytotoxicity by double-block PLA-PEG and PCL-PEG copolymers on the epithelial cell line of the African green monkey (Vero), in order to obtain the amount of the destructive effect of this candidate as the vaccine. In this experimental study, the Bacillus anthraise recombinant protective antigen (PA63) was expressed in E. coli and purified by nickel column affinity chromatography. Subsequently PA63 was encapsulated by PLA-PEG and PCL-PEG double-block copolymers using water-in-oil-in-water solvent evaporation method. Finally, PA63 and nanoparticles cytotoxicity test were performed using the standard MTT test on the Vero cell line. Results of the MTT test revealed the non-toxicity of the candidate vaccine. Also, the mortality rate of the cells tested against the encapsulated antigen in the nanoparticles was lower than the free antigen. According to the results, the nano-vaccine formulation can be used to reduce the toxicity of a vaccine produced and eventually acquire an effective and biocompatible recombinant vaccine.

beta-thalassemias are monogenic disorders characterized by defective synthesis of the b-globin chain. There are expected to be a wide range of mutations in Iran, so this high incidence was estimated with consideration of the variations between ethnic populations and the geographical location of the populations in this country. We studied the frequency of β-thalassemic mutations in all patients with β-thalassemia major in patients with β-Thalassemia major referring to Ahvaz's Shafa Hospital from 1390 to 1395. The mutations in 1608 alleles were detected by studying the genetic records of 804 patients referring to the Ahvaz healing hospital. The IVSII-1 mutation with 17.72% frequency was the most common mutation in this study. CD36- 37 with 16.29%, IVSI-110 mutations with 11.1%, CD6 mutation with 11.19%, and CD8 mutation with 9.95% were the most commonly occurring mutations, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that β-thalassemia mutations in the population of Khuzestan province are wide-spread and distributed, and the success in pre-natal diagnosis of disease, in the presence of sufficient information from the common mutations of the disease. Prevention of beta-thalassemia requires a complete examination of different molecular mutations in different populations, especially with a high prevalence.

  Diabetes mellitus is one of the most important metabolic diseases with endothelial dysfunction. And appropriate physical activity is recommended as a non-pharmacological treatment. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of continuous aerobic exercise on serum nitric oxide levels, insulin resistance, and some lipid profiles in diabetic male rats. We randomly divided 60 male Wistar rats into 6 groups of 10 rats per group - control, sham, aerobic, aerobic+salin, diabet, diabet-aerobic. Diabetes was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin - nicotinamide. The subjects used treadmill training for 6 weeks and 5 sessions per week. The rats were killed 48 h after the last training session and was measured the levels of glucose, insulin, NO, HOMA-IR, LDL, HDL, TG and cholesterol. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (p<0.05). Diabetes increased the levels of glucose and HOMA-IR, whereas it significantly reduced insulin and NO levels. After 6 weeks of aerobic training, glucose and insulin resistance decreased and nitric oxide levels increased compared with the diabetes group. But there was no effect on the level of insulin. Also, 6 week aerobic training did not have a significant effect on lipid factors in different groups(p<0.05). It seems that aerobic exercise can with effect on vascular function have a protective effect on vascular diseases in diabetic patients.

  Despite an important role of core muscles in proximal stability during dynamic activity, our knowledge about the function of core stabilizers in people with patellofemoral pain syndrome )PFPS( is quite limited. In this study, the endurance and function of the core muscles in females with PFPS compared to healthy females. Participants in this study were 20 females with diagnosis of PFPS, and 20 healthy females matched for age, weight, height, and activity level. Endurance of the back extensors, the lateral flexors and function of abdominal muscles were tested using the Sorensen, the side bridge and the straight leg lowering tests, respectively. Statistics Independent T-test was used for comparison between two groups. The endurance of back extensors (p=0.003), left lateral flexors (p=0.005) and function of abdominal muscles (p=0.022) in the PFPS group were significantly lower than the healthy group. Based on the study's findings, reduced lower trunk endurance might be a contributing factor to PFPS in females.
Key words: knee injury, lower trunk, patellofemoral pain syndrome.

  Anger and resilience are the psychological components that arise in the stressful conditions of the working environment. Kataria laughter therapy with physical and mental effects can change the mental status of the individual. In this study, the effect of Katariya laughter therapy on anger and resilience of Petrochemical personnel of Jam Aslouyeh in 2017 was investigated.
Material & This is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design. Seventy people were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were gathered using a three-part questionnaire (demographic information, Spielberger anger questionnaire, and Conner and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire). The intervention included eight sessions, each of 1.5 hour duration. Data was analyzed using SPSS-v22 software. The mean of of anger and resilience in the pre-test phase were 179.21 and 83.40, respectively, which changed in the post-test phase at 139.53 and 99.00, respectively. The results of paired t-test showed significant differences in the status of anger (-39.68) and resiliency (+15/60) in the post-test phase compared to the pre-test stage (p <0.05). The mean of anger among employees is more than average, which requires appropriate measures. Given the effectiveness of Kataria laughter therapy intervention, it is recommended that this approach be included in training courses and staff development programs to provide conditions for improving their mental status.

Surgery on the lower impacted third molar usually involves trauma in the connective tissue area, leading to inflammatory sequelae including pain and swelling during the immediate post-operative phase. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of gelfoam soaked in dexamethasone on bleeding, swelling and pain control after mandibular third molar surgery.
Subjects and This is a controlled single-blind split-mouth study conducted on 25 patients requiring surgical removal of bilateral mandibular impacted third molar. All the patients underwent routine dental extractions of mandibular molar teeth. In the intervention group (right side), gelfoam soaked in dexamethasone (8 mg) was placed into the extraction socket postoperatively and the control group (left side) received no drug. The intensity of pain, swelling and bleeding was evaluated based on visual analog scale (VAS) on the first, third and sixth day after surgery. The pain and swelling scores was not significantly different on the first, third and sixth postoperative day between the control and study groups (P>0.05). There was a significant reduction in bleeding on the third postoperative day in the study group compare to control (P=0.007), but in the first and sixth day difference between the control and study group was not significantly different (P=0.311 and P=1.000 respectively). Placing the Gelfoam soaked in dexamethasone into the extraction site has no efficacy on reduction of postoperative pain and swelling, and therefore we don’t recommend this treatment modality for reduction of postoperative sequelae.

  Postpartum depression is a mood disorder that can occur within a year after delivery and influence the mother and even the baby. Because antidepressant medications have numerous side effects, they should be used cautiously especially in nursing mothers. Vitamin B3 is involved in the synthesis of serotonin and also no side effects have been reported for its use in low dose. This study aimed to investigate the effect of niacin on postpartum depression in female mice models.
Subjects and In this study seventy two NMARI adult female mice were used: control, untreated depressed group (receiving progesterone), four depressed groups were treated with 25, 50, 100 or 200 mg/Kg niacin for 1 day and three depressed groups were treated for 8 days with 25, 50 or 100 mg/Kg niacin. The mice getting 5 mg/Kg of progesterone for 5 days were intraperitoneally depressed. The control group did not receive any drug or solvent. Depression was assessed using the forced swim test on the eighth day. Niacin prescribed in single dose of 50 (mg/Kg) (P=0.002) and also in a dose of 50 (mg/Kg) for 8 days (P=0.000) caused a significant reduction in the immobilization time in the depressed mice which had undergone the forced swim test, compared to untreated depressed mice. Prescription of progesterone promoted immobilization-induced depression in mice. Niacin reduced the time of immobility in the forced swimming test. These findings can be used to show the effects of niacin in the reduction of postpartum depression.