مجله علمی پزشکی جندی شاپور
سال دهم شماره 5 (پیاپی 74، آذر و دی 1390)

Student counseling practiced by academic staff could be a hand in achieving educational goals. This study has been carried out on this regard to make a survey on the opinions of the students in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (AJUMS). Subjects and In this cross-sectional study, the opinions of 354 students were evaluated by a 35-item questionnaire confirmed from the validity and reliability part. Collected data was analysed by SPSS.15 software, t test and ANOVA. Two third of participants was female. A number of 183 students positively ticked the item of the “rate of referring to advisor”, while only 18.8% were satisfied with the quality of counseling. In general, the mean of student counseling satisfaction was 2.36±0.78. A positive attitude to student counseling process was noticed. The desired status with a mean of 3.88±0.65 demonstrated a meaningful statistical relationship with present status (p≤0.001). The students with a mean of 3.91 pointed the essentiality of student counseling and also believe that advisors could play an effective role in educational achievements (4.11). The results revealed that although the students have a positive attitude to the process of counseling, there is dissatisfaction with the present status of counseling in University. Considering the role of supervisors in guiding the student, a remedial review on counseling process seems necessary.

Nonfluency is one of the most commen childhood disorder. This disorder has unknown etiology and is very complicated. In this study children aged 8(second grade) were examined for the prevalence of nonfluency disorders as well as pattern of nonfluency.Subjects and In this descriptive cross-sectional study children of second grade in elementary school were participated.nonfluency disorders such as stuttering, cluttering and pattern of nonfluency such as pause, prolongation, block, tension were assessed. The prevalence rate of nonfluency was 4.5 percent(4 percent for female and 5 percent for male). prevalence of stuttering was same.there was no subject of cluttering. Prevalence of prolongation pattern was 2 percent(2 percent for male and 0 percent for female).prevalence of block pattern was 3 percent (2 percent for male and 1 percent for female). Prevalence of pause pattern was 6 percent (4 percent for male and 2 percent for female). Prevalence of tension pattern was 1 percent for male. There is same results in Tehran Amene inistitude since 2000 for nonfluency rate(4.5 percent). Also Menson since 2000 in Denmark found same results.there is no same study for nonfluency pattern

The aim of this study was to measure the shear bond strength of composite resin to human dentin surface bonded with three different bonding systems.Subjects and The crown surface of 66 extracted human third molar teeth were abraded with trimer in a wet environment until the dentin surface was exposed, and they were polished with silicon carbide paper 400 and 600 grit. Then, all the smooth smear layer samples were randomly classified into three equal groups. We used bonding according to the instruction of the manufacturer (the first group Single Bond, the second group BC Plus and third group Charm Bond). Then, the composite resin was bonded to the tooth surface by plastic tube (diameter: 1.8 mm, height: 5mm). Finally, shear bond strength was determined by universal testing machine (LMT 100). The variance analysis (ANOVA) P value= 0/000 revealed the mean of shear bond strength is different between three groups. The mean shear bond for first, second and third groups are 15.25 MP, 6.84 MP, 8.59 MP, respectively. The multiple comparison with THKEY test showed that there is different significance between group one and the other two groups which did not differ significantly. All in all, we found out that greatest shear bond strength to dentin is the American Single Bond, which is better than Korean product (BC Plus and charm Bond).

At present, the use of nano-structured materials is becoming more widespread and a lot of advantages have been offered over either organic or inorganic nanoparticles. The purpose of this study was to find out the sensitivity of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus to the Antimicrobial Activities of CdO Nanoparticle. Subjects and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) were used in the experiment. In the first experiment, the optical density of E. coli and S. aureus cultures were observed in the presence of 0.01 %, 0.75 % and 1.5 % of CdO. In the second experiment, 6.3 log CFU/ml of E. coli and S. aureus separately, were exposed to 1.5 % CdO at 37 ºC in water. In the third experiment, E.coli was developed in the solid medium with and without nanoparticles. Only in the presence of 0.75% and 1.5 % of these nanoparticles a considerable decreased was observed in the number of bacteria. In the control group the bacteria survived up to 13 days while complete cells death of E. coli and S. aureus was observed after 30 and 20 hours, respectively, when 1.5% CdO was added to the culture media. The same experiment, with S. aureus, showed complete cell death when the bacterial culture was exposed to 1.5 % CdO for 20 hours. The present data demonstrate that a formulation made with the biologically stabilized CdO nanoparticles may be useful in the treatment of the infections and diseases caused by E. coli and S. aureus

There are some reports in Iranian traditional medicine concerning the anti-inflammatory effect of Saliva Officinalis (SO). In the present study with the aim of decreasing analgesic dose of morphine, analgesic effect of different doses of SO hydroalcoholic extract alone and associated with morphine were evaluated by tail flick in rats. Subjects and Analgesic effects of SO hydroalcholic extract at doses of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg/kg, i.p. were investigated. Then the influence of these doses associated with analgesic dose of morphine (2.5 mg/kg) was evaluated. Rats were placed into restrainer and then transferred into the tail flick apparatus with the intensity 55 Cº and cut off time= 10 sec. In order to verify the role of opioid receptors on analgesic effect of SO extract, naloxone (1mg/kg, i.p.) was administered to one group of rats 15 min before receiving 800 mg/kg extract. Then, the data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA followed by LSD post hoc test and significant difference between groups was accepted with P

AbstractDiabetes is one of the most common endocrine diseases and even is the general human condition. Its prevalence in Iran is equivalent to 5-8 percent. The disease has symptoms such as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Neuropathy prevalence in these patients at initial diagnosis is equivalent to 7 percent, but the underlying disease progress prevalence of it reaches to 50 percent. In some patients with neuropathy, painful neuropathy appear that can affect on their daily functioning and quality of life.60 patients with type 2 diabetes who referred from diabetes clinic of Ahvaz Golestan hospital after proving painful neuropathy, according to history, physical examination and EMG-NCV, considering their inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study, randomly divided into two 30groups and studied in a double blind research. A group treated with amitriptyline 50 mg / d and the other group were treated with carbamazepine 200mg TDS. Based on brief pain inventory quantitative scale amount of pain before the study and six weeks after the drugs were found.Both drugs of study in three age categories (18-50,51-60,61-65 years) are effective in both sexes, but their effects has no significant difference in pain reduction. Hb A1C in patients who received carbamazepine is lower after treatment than the group receiving amitriptyline.Considering the enormous impact of pain on daily function and quality of life, diagnosis of diabetes and painful diabetic neuropathy faster and treat it quickly can help these patients significantly. By the side if in future study prove the effect of carbamazepine on glucose control it can be used in these patients as a combinant therapy.

Urinary stress incontinence has been defined as any involuntary leakage of urine on effort or exertion or on sneezing or coughing. Physical treatment and rehabilitation have an important role in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence.Subjects and In this clinical trial study, forty five women with urinary stress incontinence were included. Diagnosis was made according to the detailed history, physical examinations and urinary tests. All cases were randomly divided into three groups. Fifteen cases underwent kegel exercises, fifteen other cases underwent interferential current and both treatment (kegel exercise and interferential current) were applied the remaining cases. Number of leakages in three days and amount of leakage were evaluated pre and post treatment and the values of these data were compared in each group and among groups. All of the parameters improved after treatment in each group

Cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by accumulation of cystine in different organs. Infantile cystinosis characterized by Fanconi syndrome and growth retardation leading to renal failure. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings of cystinotic patients attending at Mofid, Labafinejad hospitals (in Tehran) and Abuzar children’s hospital (in Ahvaz), Iran.Subjects and During 1995-2010, all children with cystinosis hospitalized at the above three centers were enrolled. Patients with the following criteria were considered as cases of cystinosis: i) signs and symptoms of Fanconi syndrome ii) Presence of cystine crystals in cornea using slit lamp. Of all the subjeces, 44 children fulfilled the criteria of nephropathic cystinosis. There were 24 (54.05%) females and 20 (45.5%) males. Among them, 21 (47.7%) cases were Arabs. The mean age of onset of symptoms was 8 (range 3-18) months. The mean age at the initial presentation of chronic renal failure was 3 years. The most common clinical features in the patients were growth retardation (100%), presence of cystine crystal in cornea(100%), rickets(86%) and polyuria-polydipsia (83%). The commonest laboratory data were glucosuria (100%), renal tubular acidosis (97%), proteinuria (88.5%) and hyposthenuria (82%). Sixteen (36.3%) of the 44 patients received kidney transplant, of which 7 (43.7%) patients rejected their grafts. Finally, 13 (29.5%) of them were relatively good on medical treatment, 8 (18.1%) died, 2 (4.5%) on waiting list of kidney transplant and 21 (47.7%) missed follow up. Although cystinosis is a rare disease in the world, it seems to be a relatively common hereditary disease with unfavorable prognosis in Iranian Arabs.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of aerobic and anaerobic exercise on reproductive hormones in male. Subjects and 45 subjects performed three randomized trials on separate groups, (1) aerobic group, (2) anaerobic group, (3) control group. Aerobic group performed continuous exercise with 65% (VO2max) and anaerobic group performed interval exercise with 100% (VO2max). Pre and post of the exercise blood samples were collected and analyzed for testosterone, luteinizing (LH), follicle-stimulating (FSH), prolactin and cortisol hormones. Diet, physical activity and circadian influences were all controlled. Compared with the control, the aerobic and anaerobic groups significantly (P< 0/05) elevated testosterone, prolactin and cortisol. Neither exercise produced significant (P < 0/05) changes of FSH. LH in the aerobic group did not change but in anaerobic group was significantly elevated in comparison with the control group. This study has shown that there are not any correlations between testosterone and LH in the aerobic group which is a normal function of hypothalamus-hypophysis- axis and this is due to the low level of testosterone endurance athletes doing stamina sports. Also significant increase was found between testosterone and prolactin of both experimental groups which is similar to other reports and aims of present study as well.

Metabolic syndrome is a key factor in developing cardiovascular disease and is a major problem in many countries. With regard to the young Iranian population, high frequency of pregnancy, and the high prevalence of metabolic syndrome, especially in women after menopause, it is a great concern in Iran. This study was performed to investigate the relationship between the number of deliveries (Parity) and metabolic syndrome in non-obese postmenopausal women. Subjects and This cross sectional study was carried out on 140 healthy non-obese postmenopausal women who had a BMI less than30 Kg/m2, at 2009 in Ahvaz. The data which were collected through interviews contained demographic information, the number of parity, age at menopause, values of HDL-C, FBS, TG serum after 12 hours fasting, blood pressure and waist circumference. We used the Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis by SPSS 15 software. There was significant relationship between parity and components of metabolic syndrome such as FBS (P < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.003), waistcircumference (P = 0.004) and triglycerides(P = 0.009) except HDL-C(P=0.08). There is significant relationship between parity and metabolic syndrome (P=0. 05) Increasing in parity is associated with increasing in FBS, BP, TG and WC and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, control and reduction of pregnancies should not be disregarded.

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease that involves central nervous system. This disease which causes incapability in adult happens after traumatic accidents. 7000 cases are added annually to MS patient in Iran. This study was conducted to determine the quality of life and stress coping method among the family member and multiple sclerosis caregivers. Subjects and 200 cases of family members and caregivers of patient with MS and dependent to Ahvaz MS society enrolled in this descriptive study. Three inanimate questionnaires were used to evaluate the cases. 108 male and 90 eligible female enrolled in this study. The quality of their life was normal physically, psychologically and socioeconomically. Generally, the quality of the males’ life was better than the females’, especially psychologically. Majority of male and female used normal and good coping method, and we also found a direct and statistically significant correlation between the level of education and the quality of life among the caregivers. Higher level of quality of life among the caregiver with higher level of education and use of suitable stress coping method among them, revealed the necessity of socio-economical supports and contour programs for educating family members and caregiver of patient with multiple sclerosis, especially for caregiver with lower level of knowledge and education.

Lycopene is one of the most potent antioxidants. It is a red, fat soluble pigment found in certain plants and microorganisms. Several studies have demonstrated the ability of lycopene to protect the cells from ionizing radiation induced damage, however, the mechanisms involved are remained to be clear. In the present study, we investigated the radioprotective effect of lycopene on γ-radiation induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in human cultured fibroblasts. Subjects and In irradiated groups fibroblast cells were irradiated with 1, 2 and 4Gy. In lycopene groups fibroblast cells were pretreated with different concentrations of lycopene (2, 10 and 20uM) then exposed to different doses of gamma radiation. The extent of cytotoxicity was determined by colony formation assay. The level of genotoxicity was detected by analysis of chromosmome breaks. Using colony formation assay, we observed the increase in cell killing with the increase in γ-radiation dose (1, 2 and 4Gy). Pre-treatment with lycopene (2, 10 and 20μM) restored the cell survival, suggesting that lycopene can protect the cells from killing by ionizing radiation. Similarly, lycopene significantly diminished the level of chromosome and chromatid breaks induced by gamma radiations. The maximum protection of fibroblast cells was observed at 10μM of lycopene pretreatment. Data showed that pretreatment with lycopene reduced the level of cell killing and chromosomal breaks and this protecive activity was dependent on the concentration of lycopene. Our finding indicate that lycopene protects human cells from radiation-induced genomic instability, and can reduce the cancerogenic effect of ionizing radiation.