مجله علمی پزشکی جندی شاپور
سال چهاردهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 95، خرداد و تیر 1394)

Kidney stone is a very common disease with the prevalence of 4-7% in the world. The rate of this disease in Iran is higher than the global maximum. So it is important to analysis the composition of renal stone in different nations to prevent the formation of stone or to stop its enlargement. Also, the first choice for diagnosing renal stone is the most sensitive method; so knowing about the kind of prevalent stones will help to save time and costs. Hence, this study was conducted to determine the chemical constituents of urinary tract stones and aimed to find relative abundance of urinary calculi by considering their composition. Subjects and In this descriptive-analytic study which was conducted in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, 275 renal calcuili from patients, 201 male and 74 female, referred to medical laboratories in Khuzestan province were collected and after microscopically characterization, their chemical components were analyzed by using the standard methods of clinical laboratory. Finding show that the stone of 55 patients (20%) of total patients had pure chemical component of calcium oxalate and 220 urinary stones from patient (80%) had a mixed type. Also, calcium oxalate was the commonest component of the mixed stones (83.6%). Our study indicated that the calcium oxalate stones are the most abundant chemical composition of either pure or mixed urinary calculi in Khuzestan areas, which are more common in men and Struvite stones contain magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate is more common in women.

Oxidative stress due to hypothyroidism causes behavioral deficits. Kiwifruit contains various vitamins and antioxidants. In this study the effect of kiwifruit extract on body weight, memory, pain and serum T4 and T3 in hypothyroidism male rats was evaluated. Subjects and

Wistar male rats (200-250g) were divided into 8 groups (n=8) randomely as following: 1) Control, the remaining groups were hypothyroidism that received methimazole (500mg/L in drinking water) for 3 weeks. 2-7) Treated groups received orally either different doses of Kiwifruit extract (50,100,150, 200, 400 mg/kg/5ml or the same volume of normal saline for 14 days. 8) Positive control group receiving 1 mg/L of levothyroxine in drinking water. Serum thyroid hormones (with radioimmunoassay), body weight, pain (by tail-flick test), and memory (by shutle box) were measured for all groups. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc and P<0.05 was assigned as least significant difference.

Serum T4 and T3, body weight and memory and pain reflex latency were decreased significantly after induction of hypothyroidism (P<0.01). Treatment with 150 and 200 mg/kg doses, without affecting the thyroid hormone serum level, improved memory and pain significantly (P<0.001) Higher doses of extract had no effect on above parameters.

Treatment with kiwifruit extract didn’t change thyroid hormones; therefore, had no effect on hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis. Improving effects of Kiwifruit extract on behavioral deficits following hypothyroidism might be related to its antioxidant property in brain.

This study aimed to compare the serum leptin levels in infants suspected of congenital hypothyroidism. In addition to investigate the relationship between serum levels of leptin with T4 and TSH. Subjects and In the present case-control study, 100 neonates under 30 days of age were selected randomly from those who had been hospitalized in Zabol Amir-Almomenin hospital between years 2012 to 2013. Thorough clinical examination by a pediatrician and evaluation for possible congenital hypothyroidism, the subjects were divided into two groups (case and control) homogenized in terms of age and gender. Case group consisted of neonates with suspected congenital hypothyroidism, and controls without. Blood sampling was taken from each neonate after obtaining a written consent form from parents Serum leptin, T4 and TSH were measured by ELISA method. The data were analyzed using software SPSS ver. 20 using of independent t-test and Pearson correlation by considering the level of 0.05 error. The serum leptin level was significantly higher among the suspected hypothyroidism than controls (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, there was an inverse relationship between TSH and T4 levels (r=-0.512, P ≤ 0.05). There were no significant relationships between the serum leptin level in regards to age and weight (P ≥ 0.05). Based on the results of this study, in infants with congenital hypothyroidism, serum leptin increases independently of age and weight. Therefore, leptin serum level may be considered as a criteria for assessment of thyroid gland function.

The incidence of inflammatory disease is increasing around the world. Conventional therapies in patients with inflammatory diseases unable to cure completely. However, recent studies have shown anti-inflammatory effects of angustifolia aqueous extract. The IL-6 cytokine level is increased in many inflammatory diseases and is recognized as a marker for inflammatory diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of angustifolia aqueous extract on IL-6 serum levels in mice receiving lipopolysaccharide of Brucella abortus. Subjects and Twenty five mice were divided into five equal groups. The control group did not receive the extract. The four next groups intraperitoneally received the different dose of 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg/kg of angustifolia aqueous extract daily for four days. All groups intraperitoneally received 100 g of lipopolysaccharide of Brucella abortus on the fourth day. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture. The sera were separated and kept frozen at −80°C and thawed shortly before determination of IL-6 levels by the ELISA kit. Our results showed that serum concentrations of IL -6 (pg/ml) in groups receiving angustifolia aqueous extract at dose of 10 mg/kg (P<0.05), 20 mg/kg (P = 0.o14), 30 mg/kg (P =0.012) and 40 mg/kg (P=0.023) significantly decreased when compared to control group (p <0.05). Keywords: Angustifolia aqueous extract, IL-6, Lipopolysaccharide of Brucella abortus.

Image processing filters are supposed to improve the diagnostic performance of digital images. Thus, the aim of present study was to compare the performance of digital radiography with and without image processing filters in the detection of proximal caries lesions. Subjects and In this in vitro study standardized digital radiographs of 100 approximal surfaces were acquired. Unfiltered and filtered images (low sharpen, intermediate sharpen, high sharpen and inversion filters) on the Scanora® (version 4.3.1) software were assessed by 2 observers. The teeth were sectioned and the caries detector used subsequently to determine the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy evaluated with sub curve analysis of ROC (Az) and compared using ANOVA/Tukey test. The Spearman test was used for intra-observers agreement. The sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy of the low sharpen, inversion and unfiltered images were significantly higher than the intermediate sharpen and high sharpen filter images (P<0.05). The difference between unfiltered images, the low sharpen and inversion filter images were not significant (P˃0.05). The low sharpen filter images had the highest sensitivity and overall accuracy, and unfiltered images had the highest specificity. The high sharpen filter images had the lowest sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy. The low sharpen filter may be an acceptable processing filter for detection of the caries lesions; because it showed the highest sensitivity and overall accuracy. The intermediate sharpen and high sharpen filters are not recommended for detection of the caries lesions.

Electrophysiological studies play an important role in patients with neuro-muscular disorders. EMG needle test is by far the most used test to confirm the presence radiculopathy. Information obtained from these methods will allow other tests to effectively move in the right direction. This study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between preoperative electrophysiologic (EMG-NCV) finding and postoperative outcomes in the patients with radicular pain of lumbar disk herniation. Subjects and The study sample consisted patients with lumbar radicular pain who were referred to Golestan Hospital with MRI-proven vertebrae L4-L5 and L5-S1 disc involvement and without any other associated diseases. The preoperative and postoperative pain scores were scaled 0-10. Data from tape nerve-muscle and corelation with surgery were analyzed. 84.6% of patients had back pain, and only 30.8% of patients still complained of pain after surgery. The mean preoperative and postoperative pain scores were significantly reduced (P= 0.003). Postoperative results showed no change in H-reflex. The number and type of muscles involved, sex and age had no significant relationship with pain improvement. The results showed that electrodiagnostic testing not only is a diagnostic aid in conjunction with other tests to confirm the involved nerve, but also a prognostic test in surgical treatment of radicular pain of lumbar disk herniation.

Marginal seal of the materials is extremely important in sealant therapy. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of chlorhexidine onmicroleak age of two materials used as pit-and-fissure sealants. Subjects and

The occlusal surface of sixty extracted non-carious molars were cleaned, etched with 38% phosphoric acid, rinsed and dried. The teeth were randomly divided in 4 groups, Group A: Bonding agent (DenTASTIC UNO™)+flowable composite (FLOWS-RITE™), Group B: Bonding agent + fissure sealant (SEAL-RITE™), Group C: chlorhexidine 2% (Consepsis®) + bonding agent + Flowable composite, Group D: Chlorhexidine 2% + bonding agent + fissure sealant. Following sealant placement, the teeth were thermocycled,then coated with two layers of nail lac, leaving exposed a 1.5-mm window around the sealant margins. Finally the specimens were immersed in 2% buffered methylene blue for 4 hours, sectioned longitudinally in a buccolingual direction and analyzed for leakage using a stereomicroscope. A 4-criteria ranked scale was used to score dye penetration and data were analyzed statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests.

All materials exhibited dye penetration to some extension and no statistically significant difference was observed among the groups (P>0.05).

The findings of this study showed that flowable composite resin had similar marginal seal as the conventional sealant. In addition, using chlorhexidine 2% prior to sealant placement seems to have no adverse effect on sealing ability of pits and fissure materials; however, further in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary.

Electron beams, due to its fast reduction in dose, are widely used for the treatment of superficial tumors. The small fields are needed in order to achieve the optimal plan of treatment during electron therapy of small tumors. But lack of full lateral scattering equilibrium is a crucial obstacle during measuring of the output factor.The aim of this study is to find an analytical equation for the output factors of Varian2100 CD accelerator for different fields and energies. Subjects and Varian2100 CD accelerator and 0.6 cc Farmer dosimeter located in reference depth inside the water phantom were used, to dose measurement. Using present applicators and shielding blocks inserted at the end scraper of 10  10 cm2 applicator, electron fields size range from 2  2 cm2 to 20  20 cm2 were established. Output factors for energies of 4, 6, 9, 12 and 15 MeV were measured and related equations were extracted. The best fit polynomial functions on the measured output factors were extracted. Low (4 MeV) and high (15 MeV) electron beams followed - 3.143 L-2.51+1.031 (R=0.97) and -2.165L-2.02+1008(R=0.98) equations respectively. Output factors increase initially with increased field size up to 6×6 cm2 and then reach to the plateau around 15×5 cm2. The obtained analytical equations can be used to calculate the needed output factors for all the field sizes and electron beams energies.

Metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs), are enzymes that hydrolyze penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems. Nowadays, the carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is considered as one of the most important causes of nosocomial infections and has created various health problems in the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of MBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and blakpc gene in clinical samples taken from patients referred to Taleghani hospital of Abadan in the period 2014-2015. Subjects and Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae colonies resistance to the common nine-antibiotics was performed by disk diffusion test, according to CLSI protocols. Identification of MBL was carried out using IPM- EDTA combined disk method. Finally, the blakpc gene produced by the isolated strains was identified using PCR method and specific primers. Among 144 cases of isolated Klebsiella bacteria, the highest and lowest frequencies of resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae are related to antibiotic amoxicillin (127 cases, 88.1%) and amikacin (13 cases, 9.2%) respectively. The results of the combined disk method showed that 27 isolates (18.75%) of all samples are MBL producing, from which 14 cases (51.8%) showed the presence of blakpc gene. Most of the isolates were separated from urine samples of patients admitted to ICU and urology department. The results of this study demonstrated that the emergence of MBLs and detection of the responsible gene in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates among our patients is a warning finding and warrants to change the pattern of use of antibiotics in order to prevent the spread of such infections in hospitalized patients.

In this study, The effectiveness of common, captive skills training based on behavioral-cognitive approach was investigated to find real effective way to improve couples relationships. Subjects and The subjects of this research included 20 couples from Ahvaz, who were married 2 years ago and voluntarily participated in this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to receiving a communication training course. Intimacy Naire MIQ question and marital conflicts question Naire MCQ were used in this study. Research project was based on pretest–post test project with control group. The results of hypotheses analysis using statistical approach of single variable and multivariable covariance analysis showed that training of communicative skills leads to increasing intimacy level and deceasing marital conflicts and its components. The results of this study showed the effect of communicative skills effectiveness in promoting intimacy level among couple. marital condition was discussed in detail.

The river is Karoon is the main resource of drinking water in Ahwaz. Fluoride is one of the water soluble ions, both low and high concentrations of which can cause adverse effects on human health and the other animals In this descriptive and analytical study, fluoride ion level water of input and output in the water from water treatment plants no 1 & 2 of Ahvaz were measured. Subjects and Monthly, for 9 months, from March to November 2010, 60 samples from input pretreatment and output post-treatment water from water treatment plants no 1 & 2 of Ahvaz were collected in 1 liter polyethylene bottles. Fluoride concentration in water samples was determined by the SPANDS method, using a Spectrophotometer at 580 nm. Descriptive analysis on the data was carried by using SPSS-19 software. Mean fluoride concentration in input for water treatment plants no2 was 0.33 mg/L which as higher than input for plant No 1 (0.31mg/L). On the other hand, fluoride concentration in the output water of from both plants was equal (0.26 mg/L). The results showed that the mean fluoride concentration in output water of both water treatment plant was lower than is lower than the WHO, EPA, EU and Iran standards. Results also showed that the mean fluoride concentration in drinking water was reduced compared with the mean fluoride concentration in Karoon river. It seems that the precipitating agent, polyaluminum chloride, used in the path of water treatment, may be responsible for reduction of fluoride concentration.