مجله علمی پزشکی جندی شاپور
سال چهاردهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 97، مهر و آبان 1394)

Quality of life assessment as an outcomes measure in multiple sclerosis (MS) can have a key role in identifying adverse effects of the disease and the impact of different treatments in the progress and improvement of patients; Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the psychometric characteristics Persian version of the health survey questionnaire (SF-36) in the MS. Subjects and One hundred and sixty two patients were selected by consecutive SF-36 was evaluated for its internal consistency reliability, construct validity, concurrent, predictive and differentiation. In order to achieve this aim, the Fatigue Severity Scale and the 21-question (DASS-21) of depression, anxiety and stress scale were used. Internal consistency of SF-36 subscales except social functioning and emotional problems (α= 0.42 to 0.93) were favorable. Analysis of the validity of the SF-36 showed that all of the questionnaire items had a strong positive correlation with subscales on their own (r=0.48 to 0.95); Each subscale had a strong and inverse correlation with the constructs of fatigue, depression, anxiety and stress (r= -0.27 to -0.71; P<0.001); SF-36 physical component predicted a significant proportion of the variance in score on fatigue (P<0.0001) and mental component also showed a significant proportion of the variance in scores on depression, anxiety and stress, even after controlling demographic confounding factors of age, sex, marital status and educational level (P<0.0001). The mean of all subscales was significantly greater in both groups of abnormal and fatigued patients than normal and nonfatigued patients. Persian version of the SF-36 has good validity and reliability and could be used to assess the impact of MS outcomes on quality of life of patients.

Protruding and irregular teeth with malocclusion has long been regarded as a problem for many people، but in modern orthodontics، the number of people who interested in improving the problems associated with orthodontict reatment on facial appearance، has been more than in the past. In addition، various tools are available for screening and treatment planning، one of which is index of complexity، outcome and need (ICON). This study aims to assess the need for orthodontic treatment based on ICON in 12-15 yrs. old students in Ahvaz. Subjects and This cross sectional and descriptive- analytical study was performed on the 240 students 15-12 yrs. old in Ahvaz city schools. Data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic characteristics and different indexes of ICON. The data were analyzed using SPSS-19. The threshold for need intervention was allocated as 43 on the scale. Based on the allocated threshold of 43، 19. 17% of students needed orthodontic treatment with ICON values of 22. 2% for girls and 16. 8% for boys. In addition، the average of ICON score of the students in this study was 32. 61 and there were no relationship between sex and age of students and their need for orthodontic treatment (P> 0. 05). Average ICON scores in the study population for both sexes was lower than the threshold need for treatment. Further studies based on this index and comparison with other indices is recommended in order to gain more understanding on the usefulness of this tool in screening and treatment of malocclusion teeth.

One of the biggest problems in dentistry, either restorative dentistry or prosthesis, is microleakage. Several efforts have been undertaken to find out ways to eliminate or reduce problem. This in vitro study compares the microleakage between incremental and bulk technique in compsite build-up, using clear fil-photo core light cure. Subjects and Twenty human premolar teeth with no caries and fractures were selected. For each tooth, 2 class II boxes were prepared and the teeth were divided randomly into two groups, and microleakage was evaluated on lingual and buccal sides following incremental and bulk techniques. The tooth were thermocycled (1000 cycles 5/55ºC) and immersed in 2% basic fushin for 24 hr, then sectioned mesiodistaly with a diamond disk. Dye penetration was examined using clearfil photo core light cure stereomicroscope and scored according to specific criteria. There was no significant difference between both groups and a mean of 76% grade IV microleakage was seen. Conclution: According to low bond strength and high microleakage, Clearfil Photo Core-Light Cure not recommended as composite core.

Median nerve involvement in wrist is one of the most common compression neuropathy which drives patients to musculocutaneus clinics such as orthopedic, neurology, physical medicine and rehabilitation clinics. For estimating the extent of nerve injury, the level of patient's pain severity, clinical and abnormalities in electrodiagnostic (EDX) data are employed. The aim of this study was to access the correlation between degree of pain complain, clinical symptom severity and duration of disease with EDX findings. Subjects and During two years period, all the patients referred to Imam Khomeini hospital with pain in wrist and symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome were included. Correlation between the severity of clinical symptoms, disease duration and pain, with electrodiagnistic findings were analyzed statistically. A total of 370 patients (234 females and 136 males) were recruited in this study. Based on electrodiagnostic findings, 104 patients suffered from minimal type, 166 with mild, 59 with moderate and 41 with severe forms of the disease. The patient's report of pain severity did not show correlation with electrodiagnostic findings. But the duration of the disease was correlated with electrodiagnostic findings (P=0.0001, r= 0.35). The electrodiagnostic abnormality was correlated with the clinical symptom severity (P= 0.0001, r= 0.54). In order to evaluate severity of median nerve involvement in carpal tunnel syndrome, severity of patients clinical symptom and the electrodiagnostic findings are more reliable than severity of pain complain reported by patients.

Dental implants create a revolution in dentistry and its success has been proved. One of the important steps in guarantying its success is accurate assessment, using imaging methods, before and after treatment. Limited number of studies on the preferred radiographical method in implant treatment have been done in Iran. The objective of this study aimed to assess the selected radiography techniques used by Ahvaz Dentists in implant treatment. Subjects and In this descriptive-analytical and cross sectional study, in which selected radiography method of 198 general and specialist dentist of Ahvaz in implant treatment, were examined. Analysis of data was done using SPSS.19 software. Results show that of 198 participants, 70.2 % were males and 20.8 % were females. Their age range was between 26 to 57 yr, and most of them (36.87%) had work experiences between 5 to 10 yr. Selected radiography methods of dentists were in the following descending order: Panoramic and CBCT together; 40.4%, CBCT alone; 30.8%, panoramic alone; 21.7%, and other 7.1%. There were significant correlations between selected radiography method and age and work experiences. But there were not any significant correlations between selected radiography method and specialist status and gender. The most common radiography method selected by dentist in this study was Panoramic and CBCT, which comes in concordance with similar studies conducted in Iran and other countries. Accordingly because of its in implant treatment design, education of dentist on use of this method is recommended.

The Effects of Aqueous Extract of Celery (Apium Graveolens) on Hematological Parameters and on the Level of Serum Testosterone in Male Rat Ameneh Hardani1*, Esrafil Mansouri2, Ashraf Zargar3, Hamid Reza Afzal Zadeh4 Abstract In Iran, traditionally, celery is used to treat of various diseases such as peptic ulcer. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the aqueous extract of celery (Apium graveolens) on hematological parameters and testosterone in male rats. Subjects and Twenty four adult rats were divided into 3 groups: Control and two experimental groups, which received the aqueous extract of celery at doses 100 and 200mg/Kg for 30 consecutive days. At the end of this period, all the animals were killed and blood samples were collected and the hematologic factors (hemoglobin, RBC, MCH and WBC) and serum testosterone levels were measured. The results were analysed by one-way ANOVA test. Aqueous extract of celery, without affecting body weight, increased hemoglobin, MCH, WBC and as well as a significant increase of serum testosterone. The aqueous extract of celery can increase testosterone level and some blood parameters in rat.

Among different age groups, children are more vulnerable and very likely to be subjected to irreparable damaged due to exposing to painful and stressful hospital environment. Since the children are lying for long periods in beds they have high visual contact with the ceiling, and thus on their underside environment. The aim of this study was to describe the importance of using artistic illustrations on hospital ceilings for benefits of children admitted in hospitals in Tehran Subjects and According to its object and purpose, this study is of documentary and applied researches method, and uses analytical-Descriptive methodology, which is collected and analyzed using library resources, field observations and interviews, as follows: 1. Data collection 2. Data categorization 3. Data Interpretation. 4. Data analysis. 5. The children hospitalization ward’s space details are very important and with no aesthetics fore sights the hospital may convert into a stressful place for children. Therefore, relying on imagination as a common psychological characteristic among children, images can be designed for this places having some obvious features such as: simplicity, childish and inspired by nature. Ceiling illustration of children's hospital, considering some specific criteria such as: mood difference of sick child with others, finding their needs and common personality characteristics and etc. can reduce anxiety and thus would improve their mental state.

Tranexamic acid is effective in reducing the risk of death due to blood loss in trauma cases. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of tranexamic acid compared to normal saline in bilateral mandible fracture due to accident.Subjects and Thirty six patients (both male and female) between the ages of 20-40 yr, with bilateral mandible fractures due to accident were assessed in Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran, in 2014. Eighteen patients received intravenously 20 mg/kg tranexamic acid bolus as intervention group and 18 patients received normal saline as control group just before induction of anesthesia. Intra-operative blood loss and pre- and post-operative hemoglobin were recorded for both groups. Tranexamic acid significantly reduced the volume of blood loss during surgery when compared with control group (360.57±173.52 mL vs 506.96±248.07 mL). The average drop in hemoglobin was 1.08 mg/dl in the tranexamic group and 1.54mg/dl in the saline group. Prescribing pre-operative tranexamic acid intravenously at 20 mg/kg reduces blood loss compared with placebo during the surgery.

Trichotillomania disorder is a repetitive pulling of hair to the point of noticeable loss. TTM has been tied to a number of negative effects and avoidance of important activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of combination of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) with Habit Reversal Training (HRT) on reduction of trichotillomania symptoms. Subjects and In this study single-case experiment with A-B design with follow up was used. Two patients were selected by purposeful sampling. In order to gather information and data, in addition to the diagnostic interview based on DSM-5, Milwaukee Inventory for subtypes of trichotillomania–Adult Version: MIST-A and The Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Hair-pulling Scale were used. Seven-session ACT plus HRT protocol was delivered for each participant individually. Data drawn in three phases of baseline, intervention and follow-up, for participants separately. Data were interpreted by visual analysis and result showed that the combination of ACT and HRT was effective in reducing TTM symptoms in both patients, and the treatment out come was maintained in follow-up phase. The results showed a traditional behavioral approach (HRT) combined with an approach that addresses the cognitive and emotional components of the behaviour (ACT), significantly reduce TTM symptoms. Combined ACT with HRT is more treatment of TTM.

The aim of this study was to compare shear bond strength between composite and resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) by different adhesive systems using sandwich technique.Subjects and In this experimental research, A total of 60 square bloc of RMGI (1×1cm) and a thickness of 5mm were divided into 5 groups.Cylinders of composite resin with a diameter of 2.5mm and the height of 5mm were bonded to RMGI with scotch bond multi purpose, single bond, clearfil SE bond and G bond.which were allocated as groups 2 to 5?. The first group was used the control. All samples were tested by a Universal testing machine with a strainrate of 1 mm/min Data was analysed with one way ANOVA and Tukey test at a significance level of <0.05 Failure mode was assessed under a stereo-microscope. The averages of shear bond strength values for groups 1 until 5 were 4.95, 13.40, 13.79, 21.28, 16.73 Mpa, respectively.Variance analysis showed that there were a significant statistical differences between which group and which. and Tukey test showed that there is a significant difference between different groups, except between group 2 and 3. Shear bond strength of RMGI to composite increased significantly with the use of adhesive system. The bond strength of RMGI to composite could vary depending upon the type of adhesive system used. Self etch primer adhesives system created higher shear bond strength.

Hematologic malignancies are caused by impaired proliferation of blood cells. These diseases like some other systemic disorders have some manifestations in the oral cavity. The purpose of this study is to review the literature on oral signs and symptoms of malignant hematologic disorders in order to familiarize the dentists with these manifestations and assisting in early detection of the diseases. Subjects and This study is based on a review of oral manifestations of hematological malignancies on reliable scientific databases. In this study “Oral manifestation”, “Lymphoma”, “Leukemia” and “Multiple myeloma” (single or double) were employed as keywords. Several papers on oral manifestations of hematologic malignancies (including leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma) are available. Their results show that the oral signs and symptoms caused by these malignancies (e.g. pallor of the mucosa, gingival enlargement, bleeding, trismus, and bone changes) can be important evidence in identifying them and even in some cases may be the first sign of illness. Oral signs and symptoms can be seen in a variety of hematologic malignancies, which even in some cases are the first signs of disease. So the dentist can play an important role in early detection and referral of patients to the relevant specialists.

Up to now, several variations have been reported regarding the formation of brachial plexus and its cords; and each of these variations have importance in clinical practice. In the present report, a rare variation is reported about the situation of the medial cord and its branches. A rare variation was observed in the brachial plexus of the right axilla as the medial and lateral cords were located on the lateral side of the second part of the axillary artery and the posterior cord was in its normal position. Awareness of these variations is important to anatomists, radiologists, anesthesiologists and surgeons to interpret unexplained clinical signs and symptoms and can prevent from any post-operative complications during surgery.