فصلنامه مطالعات راهبردی
سال پانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 58، زمستان 1391)

Securitization studies focuses on the process and mechanism of securitization of a phenomenon. The goal of these studies is to have a comprehensive understanding of effective factors and variables in securitization. The main question in securitization studies is “who, on what issues, under what circumstances, with what outcomes, does the securitization?” in other words, in securitization studies, we seek to understand “who speaks of security, and based on which threats speaks of security, why security is concerned and under what circumstances it is bolded, and at last, what are the outcomes of security”. This article tries to answer these questions.

The Concept of good governance appeared in social sciences and has been accepted widely by the late decades of 20 the century with different indices, implications and consequences. The examination of its indices including; transparency, strategic vision, accountability, civil society, participation, rule of law, efficiency and effectiveness, equity and inclusion, and similar objective circumstances and backgrounds and positive consequences for national security regarded as factors implying the relationship between these two concepts. Because the exercise of good governance causes outcomes such as social trust, promotion of social solidarity, advancement of government capabilities to respond to citizens and therefore improvement of public consent which all increase the extent of national security in its new interpretation.

There is a lack of sufficient focus on ethics in security studies, because ethics (morality) traditionally is defined as a science of self (self-conscience), while security mainly is considered in social and political arena. Meanwhile, redefinition of ethics (morality) can be very helpful in construction of safe and secure life. Ethical security as discussed in this article, doesn’t want to depend security studies on morale concepts, rather tries to help it in making safer life. Ethical security is not a new resource of security beside other sources, but is a good reference for security studies. Ethical security can be useful in every type of security and also can prevent contradictions among different types. It also can be used in domestic and international level of security. Ethical approach in security studies, by focusing on social and political responsibilities for security agents, prevents securitization of normal issues and ruining national interest.

The concept of strategy like many other concepts has been defined based on different temporal and spatial conditions, and everyone has defined it on his own perception. This article focusing on the concept of strategy, tries to analyse historical-discursive transformation of this concept to distinguish ambiguities and complexities of existing definitions, to show that these definitions are not a given ones, and can be de/re-construct.The main question of this article is to understand the logic of conceptual transformation of strategy, which author claims that can be best understood using historical-discursive method. In other words, this article instead of pure historical narration, or sole focus on given definitions, tries to combine both methods. Author by putting every definition in it’s historical context, tries to make ahistorical and meta-theoretical understanding of strategy.

Since the beginning of the Iranian nuclear dispute, China has been one of the influential actors in this quarrel. Therefore, understanding the policy of the country about this conflict is an important matter. This essay deals with this subject. Its main argument is that China's need to both: innovative technologies and economic markets of Americas, and the Iran's energy and its geopolitical and geostrategic position. In such condition, China in its policies regarding the conflict, try to balancing the demands of main parties of this dispute.

This article explains the link of national security considerations with westernization in turkey's foreign policy. A review of political foreign relations of turkey and its predecessor ottoman empire, shows that two national security considerations have basic role in its foreign policy: foreign domination and domestic dis-integration. These issues, while are too intertwined, come from ottoman/Turkish peculiar geopolitics. These two issues has made western inclination a dominant and permanent character in turkey’s foreign policy in recent decades. Of course, keeping turkey as a strategic partner has been very important for western powers to contain their adversaries.

Today the importance of soft power, since of the developed process of globalization and rapid reduction of the role of hard power peered. In the international relations, more than before in order to access foreign policy targets of each country. The country of India since of enjoying history and civilization of several thousand years old, and the existence of different religions and cultures have had a potential for accessing soft power which has manifested in the form of foreign policy, political values and culture of this country. This article attempts to tell again about chances and also challenges which India is facing, in order to ever more access to soft power which would be in order to gain access to national goals of this country.