فصلنامه دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی کاربردی
پیاپی 43 (بهار 1390)

This research was administered with the aim of investigating the role of perceptual-affective strain in predictive power of interaction of organizational injustice dimensions for deviant behaviors, turnover and organizational citizenship behaviors. Method of research was correlation and statistical population was the males employees of an industrial factory, among them 216 employees were selected using simple random sampling. The assessment tools included a researcher-made Questionnaire of Perceptual-Affective Strain, the Organizational Injustice Questionnaires (Kim & Leung, 2007), the Deviant Behaviors Questionnaire (Bennett & Robinson, 2000), the Turnover Questionnaire (Tepper et al, 2009) and the Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Questionnaire (Bukhari & Alis, 2009). Data were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. The results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that: 1) in low perceptual– affective strain of distributive injustice, three way interaction of injustice had prediction of organizational citizenship behaviors. 2) In low perceptual–affective strain of procedural and interactional justice, also three way interaction statement of injustice had prediction of organizational citizenship behaviors. 3) In low perceptual- affective strain of distributive injustice, three way interaction of injustice had prediction of deviant behaviors. 4) In low perceptual affective strain of interactional injustice rather than high perceptual- affective strain of interactional injustice, three way interactions of injustice had higher prediction power for prediction of deviant behaviors. 5) Only in low perceptual- affective strain of distributive injustice, three way interaction of injustice had prediction of turnover.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between parental personality characteristics and family functioning with metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin) in type 1 diabetic children. Research method was correlation and statistical population included parents with type 1 diabetic children who were the members of Iran Diabetes Association, and also parents with healthy children were included, among them 211 parents with type 1 diabetic children and 220 parents with healthy children were chosen by simple and cluster random sampling. The assessment tools included the Big Five Personality Questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1989), McMaster Family Assessment Device (Epstein et al, 1983) and questions on children metabolic control (glycosylated hemoglobin). Data were analyzed using multiple regression analyses (stepwise) and multivariate analyses of variance. Results showed significant positive relationship between neuroticism of mothers and family dysfunction in affective involvement dimension to glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetic children (P<0/01). Parents with diabetic children were higher neuroticism and lower extroversion than parents with healthy children. In addition, parents with diabetic children had significant difference in roles, affective responsiveness, and affective involvement dimensions in comparison with parents with healthy children (P<0/01).

The purpose of this research was to predict marital conflicts (of divorce prone and normal couples) through personality, psychological and demographic characteristics. Method of research was correlation and ex-post facto one and the statistical population was divorce prone and normal couples. For normal and divorce prone couples, each one included 60 persons, who were selected by two- stage cluster sampling method. The assessment tools included a Big-Five-Factor Personality Questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1989), the Symptom Check-List-90 (SCL-90) (Derogatis et. al., 1973) and a Demographic Questionnaire (made by researcher). The data were analyzed using independent sample t-test and stepwise regression analysis (logistic). The results showed that divorce prone and normal couples were significantly different in terms of neuroticism, openness to experience and conscientiousness and all nine subscales of SCL-90 (P<0/05). From all of the personality, psychological and demographic variables, neuroticism, depression, paranoid thoughts, number of children, type of marriage and income could significantly predict marital conflict. Prediction of marital conflict.

This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the effect of instruction of working memory and instruction of metacognition on academic performance among female students with mathematics learning disabilities. The research was experimental and the statistical population included third grade female students with learning mathematics disabilities, among them 30 students were selected via cluster multistage random sampling and then divided into experimental groups (instruction of working memory and metacognition) and control group in a random way. The assessment tools included Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Shahim, 1364), Iran Keymath Test (Mohammad Esmaeil & Human, 1381) and Mathematics Academic Performance Test (Farahani, 1386). The data were analyzed through covariance analysis. The results showed that working memory instruction and metacognitive instruction are effective on the mathematics academic performance of the students with mathematics learning disabilities (P<0/01). The results of Tukey’s post hoc test revealed that, there is no significant difference between effects of working memory instruction and metacognitive instruction in mathematics academic performance of the students with mathematics learning disabilities (P>0/05). The effect of working memory .

This research was carried out with the aim of studying the role of job control in relation among overload, ambiguity and role conflict with organizational citizenship behaviors, creativity, task performance, deviant behaviors and turnover. Method of research was correlation and statistical population was the employees of an organization related to petroleum ministry in Bandar Abbass city, among them187 persons were selected using simple random sampling. Research instruments consisted of Role overload and Ambiguity, Role Conflict, Task Performance and Turnover Questionnaires (Babakas et al, 2009), a researcher made Questionnaire of Job Control, the Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Questionnaire (Bukhari & Ali, 2009), the Deviant Behaviors Questionnaire (Bennett & Robinson, 2000) and the Creativity Questionnaire (Tierney et al, 1999). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression analysis. The results showed that: 1) job control has not moderated the relationships between role overload and ambiguity and role conflict with task performance, turnover, creativity and organizational citizenship behaviors, 2) job control has moderated the relationship between role conflict with deviant behaviors. That is, when job control is high, there is a negative significant relationship between role conflict and deviant behaviors (P<0.01).

The aim of this study was to compare the psychological symptoms in three groups of smokers, smokers self referred for cessation, and non-smokers. Method of research was ex post facto and the statistical population was three groups of smokers, self referred smokers for cessation and non-smokers in Tehran city, among them 46 smokers, 50 self referred smokers for cessation and 50 non-smokers were selected through convenience sampling. The research instrument was Hopkins Symptom Checklist (Derogatis et al, 1974). Data were analyzed through multivariate covariance analysis and scheffe’s post hoc test. Results showed that there is a significant difference among three groups in somatization and anxiety (P< 0.05). The results of scheffe analyses showed that there is a difference between self referred smokers for cessation and non-smokers in somatization (P< 0.05) and between smokers and non-smokers in somatization (P< 0.01) and anxiety (P< 0.05).

The purpose of this research was to compare the executive functions (reasoning, working memory and organizing-planning) of the fifth grade elementary students with high and low test anxiety. Method of research was ex-post facto and the statistical population was the fifth grade elementary students in Tehran city, among them 313 students were selected via cluster random sampling. The research instruments were Andre-Rey Test (Andre-Rey, 1942), Digit Span and Similarities Subtests of Wechsler intelligence scale (Wechsler, 1949) and Test Anxiety Inventory (Abolghasemi et al, 1375). Data were analyzed using independent sample t-test and Mann Whitney test. The results indicated significant difference between students with high and low test anxiety in reasoning and working memory (P< 0/001). But there was no significant difference between students with high and low test anxiety in organizing-planning.

The research was performed to determine the relationship between personal initiative, religious orientation, organizational social capital and job performance in the productive centers employees. The research method was correlation, and research statistical population comprised of all productive centers employees in Ardabil city, among them 200 persons were selected through the two-stage cluster random sampling. The measurement instruments were the Personal Initiative Scale (Robitschek, 1998), the Religious Orientation Questionnaire (Allport, 1968), the Organizational Social Capital Scale (Lauderdale, 1999) and the Job Performance Questionnaire (Paterson, 1963). Data were analyzed through Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that personal initiative, organizational social capital and internal religious orientation had a significant positive correlation with the job performance of productive center employees (P<0.01), while a significant negative correlation was not obtained between external religious orientation and job performance (P>0.05). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that 34.3 percent of job performance variance would be explained through variables of personal initiative, religious orientation and organizational social capital.