مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 309 (هفته دوم دی 1393)

Happiness as a human basic emotion has an important role in individual and society's health, and can be a catalyzer for society's development. The aim of this study was surveying happiness in health sector personnel and some demographic and occupational related factors. In this cross -sectional study that were done in health sector personnel of Kermanshah, from journey- April 2014, from 537 distributed questionnaires (Oxford happiness questionnaire and demographic and occupational checklist), 480 completed form collected (89% response rate). Data were analyzed by SPSS (18), using Independent t, ANOVA, LSD, Regression and Pearson correlation tests. Mean age of respondents was 35.8±8.6.30.2% of respondents was male (N=144) and others were female. In concern with happiness levels most respondents had little happiness (27 People- 58.1%). Also the mean score of total happiness was 38.3±14.7. Physicians and midwives obtained the most and least mean scores of happiness (47.2and 35.4) respectively. Also in the regression model, variables such as "job loving" "health satisfaction" and "Literacy level", have explained 21.5% of happiness variance changes. (R = 0/469, R2 =0/220, Rad=0/215). Happiness in health sector personnel is lower than average. Necessary measures and programs at increasing happiness in the midwifery staff especially recommended.

Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in developed countries. Many studies have confirmed that the nm23 gene suppresses metastasis in different types of cancers. The effects of imatinib as the first member of tyrosine kinases inhibitors were showed in research and treatment of solid tumours. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of imatinib on cell viability and Suppressor metastasis nm23 gene expression in prostate cancer cell line. In this study, Prostate cancer (PC-3) human cell line was treated with various concentrations of imatinib for 48hours. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay and the IC50 value was determined. We extracted RNA molecules by using RNX solution, after which cDNA was synthesized. The precise primers for the nm23 and GAPDH genes were designed by specific software. Then, the quantity of nm23 compared to GAPDH gene (reference gene) was analyzed using real-time PCR. Imatinib exerted an inhibitory effect on the viability of metastatic PC-3 cells. The calculated nm23/GAPDH gene expression ratio were 1.62±0.02 (p<0.01) in 21/33mM concentration of imatinib at 48h. The result of this study was shown that imatinib can inhibit metastasis by up regulating nm23 gene expression in Prostate cancer PC-3 cell line.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of patient size on the distribution and amount of CT dose based on standard cylindrical polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantoms. In this study two dimensional film dosimetry method is represented by using radiographic films, and the effect of patient size on the distribution and the received dose amount is investigated using cylindrical phantoms with 10, 16, 24 and 32cm diameters. The cylindrical phantoms were made of PMMA sheets. By proper calibration, two dimensional distribution of the dose is measured using film dosimetry in these phantoms in a single axial rotation. The dose distribution in the cylindrical phantoms was not symmetric particularly in closer points to the surface. The received dose in the cross section of phantom increases with beam width. The received dose in the central part of phantom is decreased more than its surface by the increment of phantom diameter. Specially, when using a cylindrical phantom with 16cm diameter, the received dose in the central part of the phantom is decreased to 65% of its surface's dose, whereas this percentage for cylindrical phantoms with 24cm and 32cm diameters is 45% and 35% respectively. The dose distribution in the cross section of the pediatric patients is more uniform. It is highly dependent on the couch attenuation and overscan, leading to the dose distribution asymmetry. The received dose in the pediatric patients will be more than adults for the same mAs.

Recent data have implicated stress as a risk factor in the development of neuropsychological disorders and impairs memory. Stress has different complex effect on memory. In other words, stress can increase or decrease the memory or has no effect on it. This study investigated different timing effects of stress on cognitive and spatial memory. In this study 28 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 7) as following: control, acute stress, middle stress, chronic stress. Restraint stress was used to induce stress. Also memory function was evaluated by the novel object recognition (NOR) and object location test (OLT) for estimating cognitive and spatial memory. At the end of the study serum corticosterone levels were measured by ELISA. Our finding showed that in middle and chronic stress groups, the object exploration times during the test session were significantly (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively) lower than control group. There were no significant decreases on the object exploration time during the test session of OLT task in all stressed groups compared to control group. Corticosterone levels were significantly (P 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) increased in middle and chronic stress groups compared to control group. Data correspond that chronic and especially middle stress impaired cognitive memory. Therefore, middle stress was the most deleterious stress model. On the other hand acute, middle and chronic stress did not impair spatial memory in the OLT task. Therefore, different duration of stress was one of the most important factors in causing of cognitive memory impairment.

Although current information shows that pomegranate in type 2 diabetic patients can improve control blood sugar and lipids profile there are controversial results about its relevance to improving blood sugar and lipids in diabetes. This survey investigated the influence of concentrate pomegranate juice (CPJ) on fasting blood sugar, lipid profile, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Blood pressure (BP). This is a quasi clinical trial which was conducted on 40 type 2 diabetic patients in Golestan hospital in Ahvaz in 2013. Fasting blood samples were taken at baseline and after 4 WK of intervention to measure FBS, lipid profile and TAC. While high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly increased after intervention. Also, the results indicated that CPJ for 4 wk significantly increase plasma levels of TAC (p<0/001). Whereas no change was made in levels of FBS, TG, LDL-c, BP. It is concluded that CPJ have significant positive effects on HDL and TAC in patients with type 2 diabetes which may be attributed to its polyphenolic content. Further investigations are needed with stronger design, larger sample size.