مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 319 (هفته چهارم اسفند 1393)

Patients with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic drugs are highly at risk of metabolic disorders such as weight gain، dyslipidemia، and insulin resistance. This study was designed to compare the effect of atypical and conventional antipsychotics on lipid profile.

128 patients with schizophrenia were divided in two groups. One of the groups received one type of atypical antipsychotic drugs while the other got one type of conventional ones. None of the groups had used any other antipsychotic drugs during the past year. Demographic data and food frequency questionnaire were completed by each participant. Serum triglyceride، total cholesterol (TC)، high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterols، and apolipoprotein A and B (Apo A and B) were recorded. Student’s t test was used for statistical analysis.

The two groups were similar in age، gender، duration of illness، period of drug consumption، and age at onset of illness. Patients in the atypical group used clozapine and risperidone (46. 9%) more than olanzapine; while in the conventional group، 81. 3% of patients used phenothiazines. Our data showed a significantly higher mean in TC (P = 0. 01)، LDL (P = 0. 03)، and Apo B (P = 0. 01) in conventional group.

In patients with schizophrenia، lipid profile was higher in both atypical and conventional antipsychotic users، especially in conventional drug users.

Migraine is the most common type of headache among patients who seek medical care. Migraine is one of most important factors of work absence or avoid of each personal and social activity. Frequent incidence of headache has numerous adverse effects on the patient`s lifestyle and social activities. The ُstudy was a semi-experimental applied pretest-posttest-designed study with control/trail groups. 40 migraine patients came to the neurologic clinics of Ahwaz Hospitals، Ahvaz، Iran، were divided in 2 equal groups of control and trial based on simple randomization sampling. The data collection instruments were headache syndrome questionnaire and Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire. Psychosocial therapy attended at 8، 60-minutes sessions which control groups were not participated. Questionnaires were administered before and after 8 sessions of treatment، for both groups. To compare the frequency and severity of migraine attacks and quality of life، in pretest and posttest of groups، ANCOVA test was used. Comparing the groups showed significant differences between the frequency (F = 46. 78; P = 0. 0001)، severity (F = 184. 87; P = 0. 0001) and duration of attacks (F = 1107. 74; P = 0. 0001). The effectiveness of psychosocial treatment was 53% on frequency، 83% on severity and 76% on duration of attacks. Also، adjusted mean scores of quality of life and physical and mental functions were significantly higher after the treatment (F = 18. 08; P = 0. 0001). Effect of psychosocial treatment were 33% on the patients’ quality of life. According to our findings in the present research، psychosocial treatment of migraine patients improved the frequency، severity and duration of headache attacks. In addition، it improved the patients’ quality of life and physical and mental functions. We recommend to apply this method for promotion of quality of life in these patients.

Cerebellum has the main role in balance and muscular tonicity. In the present study، the effect of aqueous Anethum graveolens extract on histological structure and number of Purkinje cells was investigated in epileptic mice. In this experimental study، 50 mice randomly divided in 5 groups of 10. 4 groups became epileptic by injecting 12 doses of 40 mg/kg pentylentetrazol during 24 days. Three groups received intraperitoneally the aqueous Anethum graveolens with doses of 250، 500 and 750 mg/kg. The fourth group received pentylentetrazol and normal saline and the fifth، only received normal saline. After the treatment period، cerebellum was dissected out. After histological passage and coronal cross-sectioning، hematoxyline-eosin staining was done and 40 fields were randomly selected and counted for normal neurons on Purkinje cells. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect morphological changes. Data were analyzes using ANOVA test. The mean number of normal neurons in mice received 500 mg/kg of aqueous extract of Anethum graveolens increased significantly more than the groups of 250 and 750 mg/kg (P < 0. 001); this difference was not significant between the groups which received 250 and 750 mg/kg of extract. The mean number of normal neurons of Purkinje cell was significantly lower in the group of normal and pentylentetrazol compared to control group. Different morphological changes as such as increased density of the nucleus and increased acidophilic cytoplasm of Purkinje cells were more in pentylentetrazol group compared to the groups received the aqueous of Anethum graveolens. Our result showed that the aqueous of Anethum graveolens can probably decrease the neurotoxic of the effect pentylentetrazol on structural neurons of Purkinje cells in epileptic mice.

Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare skin disease characterized by follicular hyperkeratosis and prefollicular erythema with islands of normal skin scattered among erythematous patches with desquamation. Case Report: In this case report، we present a 30-year-old man who developed pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) following exposure to dolomite. The diagnosis of PRP was confirmed histologically and the patient was successfully treated with acitretin and cyclosporine.

Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease and an important leading cause of death in the world. It is associated with potentially serious complications. Diabetic foot ulcer is a major debilitating complication of diabetes and in severe cases result in lower extremity amputation. Several multidisciplinary approaches are used for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer. The main objective of this study was evaluating the effectiveness of standard treatment in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. Patients with diabetic foot ulcer entered this study. Detailed medical history was recorded for the patients and each participant signed the informed consent. Standard treatment approach including patient education، diabetes control، infection treatment، offloading and weekly debridement was started by our therapeutic team. 56 patients with diabetic foot ulcer were evaluated in this study. The mean age of the patients was 59. 46±12. 66 years. 62 percent of the patients achieved significant wound improvement (decreased wound area and control of infection) with the mean of 4. 73 weeks of treatment (P < 0. 05). The results of this study present a further documentation of the effectiveness of standard treatment care for diabetic foot ulcer. This multidisciplinary approach aiming the major pathophysiologic components of the disease can lead to significant improvement with few side effects.