مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 331 (هفته سوم خرداد 1394)

Angiogenesis is the process of formation of new capillaries from the preexisting vessels and plays an important role in the growth and metastasis of tumor. In this study، we aimed to investigate the antiangiogenic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of black pomegranate pericarp extract (PPE) in the animal model of melanoma.

The hydroalcoholic extract of black pomegranate pericarp was prepared using 70% ethanol containing 1% acetic acid. 1 × 106 B16F10 melanoma cells were injected to all mice on the day 0، subcutaneously (s. c). On 7th day، mice were divided into 9 groups of 8 animals. The first group received distilled water. Groups second to fifth received 50، 100، 200 and 400 mg/kg of black pomegranate pericarp extract. The sixth group received the extract and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) antagonist (5 mg/kg/day). The seventh group received the extract and PPAR-α antagonist (10 mg/kg/day). Eighth and ninth groups received fenofibrate (100 mg/kg) and rosiglitazone (100 mg/kg) as agonists of PPAR-α and PPAR-γ، respectively. On 16th day، mice were euthanized and their tumor samples were weighed and then analyzed via immunohistochemistry staining for CD31.

The black pomegranate pericarp extract dose dependently decreased tumor weight and angiogenic marker (P < 0. 05). Moreover، tumor weight and angiogenic marker in the groups which received both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor antagonists and black pomegranate pericarp extract، was more than the group which received the extract (P < 0. 001). Level of angiogenesis and tumor weight in the groups which received fenofibrate and rosiglitazone was less than the group that received the highest dose of pomegranate pericarp extract (P < 0. 05).

Taken together، our observations suggest that black pomegranate pericarp extract may have potential implication in melanoma cancer treatment، and show that antiangiogenic effect of this extract may be mediated through modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activation pathways.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a major cause of urinary tract infection in children and women. Several virulence factors have been detected in uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. P، S and Afa fimbria are the most important factors which are coding by pap، sfa and afa genes، respectively. This study aimed to determine the presence and prevalence of fimbrial virulence genes in Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infection in Rafsanjan city، Iran. In this study، 145 urine samples were cultured for identification of Escherichia coli. The isolates were examined via standard biochemical tests. DNA extracts from the confirmed isolates were examined to determine papEF، afaBC and sfa / focDE genes using multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Among the cultured samples، 122 Escherichia coli isolates were determined. Virulence genes genotyping of isolates showed that 38. 50% of the isolates were possessed at least one of the three virulence genes. The papEF gene was the most prevalent (18. 85%) and prevalences of sfa/focDE and afaBC were 2. 45% and 0. 81%، respectively. Twenty isolates (16. 39%) contained both papEF and sfa/focDE genes. The results of this study in comparison with other researchers showed that papEF gene is in the high frequency، and then، afaBC and sfa/focDE fimbrial genes.

There is no consensus in the treatment of de Quervain''s disease. This study was performed to compare the methylprednisolone acetate injection with thumb spica cast versus methylprednisolone acetate injection alone for treatment of de Quervain tendinitis. In this randomized clinical trial، 88 patients with de Quervain''s disease were selected from patients who referred to Al-zahra Hospital and the researchers’ private offices in Isfahan، Iran. The patients were randomly assigned into 2 groups. 1 mg methylprednisolone acetate injection in first dorsal compartment of the wrist accompanied with thumb spica cast for 3 weeks was the therapeutic method utilized in the first group; methylprednisolone acetate injection alone was performed in the second group. The patients were evaluated in terms of pain intensity and the relative prevalence of tenderness and Finkelstein''s test. Pain intensity and prevalence of tenderness and Finkelstein''s test in both groups were similar and become lower significantly. It seemed that both therapeutic methods are effective equally; but as casting makes trouble for the patients، so corticosteroid injection alone is better than corticosteroid with casting in treatment of de Quervain''s disease.

Hemodialysis is the most common alternative therapy in chronic renal failure and inadequate dialysis increases the mortality of patients; thus، the dialysis adequacy in these patients is important. This study aimed to compare the adequacy if hemodialysis high-flux and low-flux filters in Hospital Dialysis Centers of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences، Iran، and assess its relation to other indices for patients with chronic and end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

In a randomized clinical trial، 42 patients were performed with low-flux and high-flux filters. So، the patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease، with the rate of ultrafiltration of more than 3 liters، in the two cross groups underwent hemodialysis with high- and low-flux filters in 2 months. The indicators for measuring the Kt/V in each dialysis and other lab indices at the beginning and the end of each month were measured and compared using SPSS software.

At the end of the intervention، significant difference in adequacy of dialysis was observed between the two groups of high- and low-flux filtration. Although، both groups of patients had adequacy of dialysis in terms of defined standards، but the findings showed that Kt/V in hemodialysis significantly was lower in high-flux group (P = 0. 013).

This study showed that the high-flux filters in higher volumes of 3 liters of ultrafiltration، increases the average dialysis adequacy more than the low-flux filters. We suggest future studies to assess the impact of long-term use of high-flux filters on dialysis efficacy، improved quality of life and reduced hospitalization rate in hemodialysis patients and its effect on reducing healthcare costs; patients are thereby cost-benefited in using high-flux filters for long term.

Omega-3 fatty acid is one of the essential fatty acids in human body that can be found in the sea products، especially fish and fish oil and also in some of the seeds oils. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids have a lot of influences on human body. Use of natural products and avoidance of artificial products in therapy of various diseases can make a new way in medical science without bad effects on human body. One of this new ways is using omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in wound healing in diabetic، gastrointestinal and skin wounds. This study is review of so many articles for obtained effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on these wounds.

The study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of pervious researches. Articles about the role of omega-3 or omega-6 fatty acids on wound healing، from 1980 to 2013، were searched in different databases and results were compared. Eventually، 45 clinical trials (parallel or crossover) were recruited in this review.

Omega-3 fatty acids have positive effects on wounds healing in diabetic wounds، and also other wounds like gastric wounds، intestinal wounds، colonic wounds، and burn wounds. In some researches، omega-3 fatty acids have had more effects than omega-6 fatty acids in wound healing.

Due to these results، we can use polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids) as new medicine for improvement of healing diabetic، skin and gastrointestinal wounds.