مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 356 (هفته چهارم آذر ماه 1394)

Recent studies have focused on a positive correlation between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and occurrence of migraine headache. This study aimed to determine the role of H. pylori infection in the two common types of migraine headache including with (MA) and without aura (MO). In a case-control study, 84 patients (with aura or without aura migraine headache) and 49 healthy individuals were enrolled. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) against H. Pylori in patients and controls. The mean age was 35.8 ± 11.1 and 33.4 ± 18.9 years in patient and control groups, respectively. The mean level of IgM antibody was significantly more in patients (26.3 ± 23.1 U/ml) compared to control group (17.5 ± 11.2 U/ml) (P = 0.004). It was not any significant difference between the levels of IgM and IgG antibodies in patients with migraine headache with or without aura. In addition, the mean HIT6 score was significantly more in patients with migraine headache with aura (65.5 ± 4.7) compared to those without aura (54.9 ± 5.3) (P < 0.001). The only significant correlation was found between the IgG antibody level and the HIT6 score in patients with migraine headache with aura (r = 0.407; P = 0.011) and without aura (r = 0.499; P = 0.002). There was significant relationship between the normal and high levels of IgG antibody and the severity of headache (P = 0.002) in all the patients. The risk of migraine occurrence in patients was not significantly associated with the levels of IgG and IgM antibodies. Further investigation should be designed to gain better conclusion about the role of H. Pylori treatment and eradication in the course of migraine headaches.

Oral streptococci, especially Streptococcus mutans, are of the factors identified to cause tooth decay and periodontal disease. Glucosyltransferase gene (gtfB) encoded by the GTF-I is an important factor in the virulence of the bacteria. Now, the development of molecular methods tends to detect Streptococcus mutans with accuracy and speed. This study aimed to identify Streptococcus mutans in human dental plaques based on the presence of gtfB gene. After collecting 55 swab samples of dental plaques, biochemical and microbiological tests were performed. DNA samples were confirmed using the extraction kit and then, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was performed on samples to identify the gtfB gene. Of 55 isolates collected from dental plaques, 17 samples (30.9%) were positive for the presence of gtfB gene. The results obtained in this study found to have differences with other researches conducted in other countries and regions of Iran. These differences may be due to cultural differences in the use of toothbrush and dental floss, diet and oral health status.

Abstract Gas insufflation into the peritoneum cavity in laparoscopic surgeries lead to severe hemodynamic changes in patients and frequently anesthetists do some interventions to control the changes. The aim of this study was comparing the efficacy of dexmedetomidine, an α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, with remifentanil, a short-acting opioid, to reduce or prevent these hemodynamic changes and obtain cardiovascular stability. In this double-blind randomized clinical trial study, 60 candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were allocated into two groups receiving intraoperative dexmedetomidine or remifentanil. Induction and maintenance of anesthesia were same in both groups. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were recorded every 10 minutes during the surgery. Heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure showed significant differences between the two groups in some times of the surgery and were significantly lower in remifentanil group. On the other hand, recovery time was longer in dexmedetomidine group significantly. Infusion of remifentanil is more effective than dexmedetomidine to control the hemodynamic changes after insufflations of gas into the peritoneum during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Hair loss and baldness have significant impact on a person's beauty and affects a large percentage of people in the world. However, many people who are candidates for hair transplantation have gray hair and it is difficult to hair transplant in them. In this study, the success rate of follicular unit hair transplantation (FUT) technique was studied in patients with gray hair. In this cross-sectional study, 42 patients with varying degrees of alopecia who had remaining gray hair underwent follicular unit hair transplantation. Questionnaires were completed for the patients and the data were analyzed using independent-t, chi-square and Spearman correlation coefficient tests. The mean surviving implanted grafts was 90.26% in all patients. No complications were observed in 83.37% of patients; but mild side-effects occurred in 16.66% including granulated pyogenic in 2.38% and periorbital edema in 14.28% that resolved a week after the surgery. No late complications were seen. The satisfaction level of the transplanted hair line in 59.5 % of patients was excellent and in 40.5% was good. None of the patients had abnormal hairline. There was a significant relationship between smoking and the amount of residual graft; remaining graft in non-smokers was higher than smokers (P = 0.012). According to results of this study, follicular unit hair transplantation technique was a surgical procedure with minimal complications, natural looking hairline and maximum density in patients with gray hair.

In recent years, although the infectious diseases have noticeably declined as a result of science advances and public hygiene improvements, the prevalence of chronic diseases have increased; the World Health Organization has introduced cardiovascular diseases as one of the most significant causes of death in the world. Obesity and overweight are considered to be major health problems in developed and developing countries which are tied to many diseases and impose a heavy economic and social burden on governments. Recently, numerous studies have been conducted worldwide to address the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Researchers have used a variety of methods including medication, dietetic quality improvement, appropriate physical activity, and the use of some nutrients in the form of supplements in order to decrease the risk of metabolic diseases. Therefore, using a low-risk, effective, and accessible method that can prevent these diseases in different people is of great significance. A review of various studies shows that whey protein can have beneficial effects on preventing these diseases. This protein is among the milk components and has unique features which make it distinct from other protein sources. Thus, the present study overviews the influence of consuming whey protein on prevention of metabolic diseases.