مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 393 (هفته اول مهر 1395)

Increasing the life expectancy was the major issue of public health during the 20th century, while living with better quality is the goal of 21th century. Psychological and physical situations are important factors that affect quality of life in elderly. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the quality of life among the elderly and its relationship with depression and body mass index (BMI) in Isfahan province, Iran.
A total of 637 elderly were included in this analytical observational study using a random and multistage cluster sampling method. Quality of life and depression scores were collected using Geriatric Depressions Scale (GDS) and Quality of Life Short Form-36 (SF-36) Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using t, one-way ANOVA, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients statistical tests.
Findings: The mean score of quality of life was 54.64 ± 20.60. Quality of life and some of its dimensions had a direct relationship with lower age, being male and high level of education. We found no significant correlation between the depression score and quality of life or its dimensions. In addition, assessment of the correlation between body mass index and quality of life showed that body mass index had significant negative relationship only with physical functioning among all of the dimensions.
Results of the present study showed that lower quality of life is associated with increasing of the age, being female and low level of education. Furthermore, we found no relationship between the dimensions of quality of life and depression that might be due to the effects of several variables on quality of life among elderly.

This study aimed to determine the effects of different doses of labetalol on cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation and to compare it with control group.
In this study, 180 patients underwent surgery were selected and randomly divided in four groups who received 0.4, 1 and 2 mg/kg labetalol and normal saline via intravenous injection 5 minutes before laryngoscopy, respectively. The changes of hemodynamic parameters in four groups were compared.
Findings: During the study, no patients in groups 0.4 and 1 mg/kg labetalol suffered from bradycardia; while in group of 2 mg/kg labetalol, at the time of laryngoscopy and at 1, 3, 5, 10, 30 and 60 minutes after it 13.3, 2.2, 11.1, 37.8, 28.9 and 24.4 percent of patients suffered from bradycardia, respectively; and in control group, 7 patients (15.6%) suffered from bradycardia. The incidence of bradycardia from 5th to 60th minutes was significantly different between the four groups (P Intravenous injection of 1 mg/kg labetalol during laryngoscopy tends to more favorable hemodynamic stability and minimal bradycardia, tachycardia and hypertension; using this dose before laryngoscopy is more favorable.

Given the need for access to reliable diagnostic instruments of mental disorders in Persian language, the present study was designed to translate and determine the reliability and internal consistency of the Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Edition (PID-5) instrument.
Research sample was selected based on non-random (convenience) method for medical students (healthy population) and patients with personality disorder. After translating PID-5 via forward and backward translation method, test-retest reliability (10-20 days period) and internal consistency of the instrument were determined. This study was conducted in Hazrat-Rasoul Hospital, Iran Psychiatry Hospital and Tehran Psychiatric Institute, Tehran, Iran, during the year 2015. Questionnaires were self-reported and interviews were done by well-trained psychiatry residents.
Findings: Totally, 217 individuals were assessed (114 healthy volunteers and 103 patients with personality disorders). Of 25 surveyed facets, eccentricity had the highest Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The lowest alpha was seen for suspiciousness. Overall, in 22 facets from all 25 facets, alpha coefficients were higher than 0.700. To assess test-retest reliability, 28 persons of the medical students group completed the questionnaire for the second time. The correlation coefficient between the two measures in three facets (irresponsibility, perceptual dysregulation and rigid perfectionism) was between 0.800 and 0.900. In other aspects, the correlation coefficient between the two measures was higher than 0.900.
The Persian version of PID-5 instrument had good test-retest reliability (r = 0.829 to 0.944) in a short time (about two weeks) and its internal consistency was desirable (Cronbach's alpha = 0.697 to 0.944).

Receiving exact dose by the patients is vital in radiotherapy. The TECDOC1583 protocol is used to achieve this goal. This study aimed to evaluate several levels and steps of treatment planning, in order to calculate the precise dose received by the patient, and to compare it with actual results.
The distribution of doses for single, multiple and complicated multiple field beams of treatment planning were calculated using TiGRT. Results were compared with the measured results of anthropomorphic phantom in different phases.
Findings: According to the TECDOC1583 protocol, all the results were accepted; but in the fifth level of the test, percent of error in the lung was 4.3% which made a 0.3% of discrepancy. In the sixth level of the test, the percent of error in soft tissue was 5.7% with about 2.7% of discrepancy.
Due to the lack of electronic density in lung tissue, a treatment planning software with higher accuracy is needed for evaluations. Our findings showed that technicians’ knowledge regarding to the application of treatment planning software is essential in this regard. Since the produced error would not be acceptable in this area, and the accuracy of the treatment planning software is no more confident, so working based on correct algorithm of treatment planning software should be checked and system restarting and commissioning must be re-evaluated periodically.

For disabled patients who are unable to use their muscles, brain-computer interface (BCI) systems can be used to establish a channel between their brain and outside world. Steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEP)-based interfaces are of brain-computer interface-spellers noted in recent years.
In this study, stimulation patterns based on Braille code with eight flickering cues were used. MATLAB psychtoolbox was used for construction of the visual stimulation. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) method and maximum classifier were used for feature extraction and classification, respectively.
Findings: We achieved 96.67% of classification accuracy and information transfer rate of 19.632 bit per minute using Steady-state visually evoked potentials brain response and Braille code.
Because of advantages such as single electrode signal recording, low number of excitation frequencies and adjustable parameters such as rest time between the stimulations, designed system is highly efficient and user friendly.