مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 92 (فروردین 1388)

The purpose of this study was to compare the bone mineral density (BMD) of the upper and lower body between professional female footsal players and non-athlete females.Fifteen professional female footsal players (age: 24.3 ± 2.8 years, height: 161.1 ± 4.4 cm, weight: 54.3 ± 7.0 kg) and 15 healthy non-athlete females (age: 23.8 ± 2.0 years, height: 160.9 ± 7.0 cm, weight: 51.5 ± 9.6 kg) participated in this study. BMD was measured by Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) at the lumbar spines and femoral neck, femoral trochanter of both legs.In footsal players BMD values were found to be significantly higher at the whole body, lower and upper body compared with non-athletes. BMD of footsal players in upper and lower body was 1269.1 and 1161.0 mg/cm2 respectively. These values for non-athletes were 1102.4 and 877.7 mg/cm2 respectively. The difference between these sites in both groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). When the BMD values of the footsal players were compared with non-athletes, we found that the BMD gain in the lower body of the footsal players relative to the non-athletes was twice as much as the upper body of footsal players compared to the non-athletes.It seems that weight bearing and high impact loads are the most important factors to improve the BMD in lower body. The bones of lower body are subjected to multidirectional, dynamic compressive, and sheer forces during footsal activities such as the starts, jumping, landing, cutting and running. Therefore, it can be concluded that the BMD of the lower body were benefited more than upper body in footsal players.

Acute otitis media (AOM) is the most common affliction necessitating antibiotic as the initial therapy in children. Many studies are trying to find the most effective drug with least side effects and most compliance. In this study, the efficacy of single-dose Azithromycin was considered.87 patients with AOM (based on history, otoscopic examination, and audiogram) visiting Al-Zahra and Kashani hospitals underwent 3mg/kg of azithromycin as an oral single-dose. Patients were visited 48 hr later for evaluating the failure of treatment and then, 12-16 days later for evaluating the complete or relative response to antibiotic. In 2nd visit, the audiogram was taken again. Data was analyzed with χ2 test and P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.54 (62.1%) patients were males and 33 (37.9%) were females. 72 patients were treated successfully with single-dose of azithromycin and the remainder were treated with co-Amoxiclave, 90 mg/kg, for 10 days. One patient needed myringotomy. No significant side effect was noted in patients treated with azithromycin.Single-dose azithromycin is an effective treatment for AOM, without any significant side effect, which is tolerated very well.

Abortion is one of the prevalent problems of obstetrics throughout the world. Standard and usual method for pregnancy termination at first trimester is surgery (curettage). Another effective pregnancy termination method at first trimester is the use of medical treatments. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of misoprostol alone or in combination with methotrexate for termination of pregnancy at first trimester. This study is a Randomized Clinical Trial. A total of 200 pregnant women at first trimester of pregnancy were randomly divided into two groups for termination of pregnancy. First group received misoprostol alone (800 mg, vaginal, one or two dose) and second group received misoprostol in combination with methotrexate (50 mg/m2/IM and 800 mg vaginal misoprostol in one or two dose was administered 72 hours later). Sonography was administered at seventh day for both groups and curettage was done if pregnancy was continued or if fetus residual was existed.Successful abortion rate was 83% at first group and 81% at second group. There was a significant relation between dose of misoprostol and need for curettage and a significant relation between kind of pregnancy and need for curettage in both groups (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). But there was no significant relation between gestational age and number of drug declaring in both groups (P = 0.934). No adverse events or side effects were reported side-effects were reported with the use of misoprostol and methotrexate. Pregnancy termination with medical method along with misoprostol alone or in combination with methotrexate is safe and cost effective.

This study was designed to determine the short and long term effects of grape and pomegranate juices consumption on the endothelial function in adolescents with metabolic syndrome.This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 2008 among 30 adolescents, aged 12-15 years, with metabolic syndrome as defined by the International Diabetes Federation. After baseline testing, the children were randomly assigned into two groups. The children of one group were asked to drink 18 ml/kg/day of natural grape juice and those in the other group were asked to drink 240 ml/day of natural pomegranate juice for 1 month. The brachial arterial reactivity was measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasound images. At rest basal brachial dimension (BBD), 30 and 90 seconds after cuff deflation in response to reactive hyperemia, endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) or flow mediated dilation (FMD), again at rest, and 3-4 min after receiving 400 µg sublingual nitroglycerin (TNG) producing endothelium independent dilation (EID). The sonographic evaluation was performed before drinking juice and was repeated 4 hours and 1 month after regular drinking juice, to assess short-and long-term effects of juice on endothelial dilation, respectively.FMD 30";;;;;;;;;;;;;;, 90";;;;;;;;;;;;;; and post TNG significantly improved at 4 hours after drinking juice in both groups. FMD 30";;;;;;;;;;;;;;, 90";;;;;;;;;;;;;; and post TNG also significantly improved at 1 month of drinking in both groups, but BBD was significantly different at 1 month only in grape juice group.Our findings suggest that daily consumption of diets rich in antioxidants can improve endothelial function in adolescents with metabolic syndrome.

Sperm selection for ICSI is based on morphology and motility, but these parameters may not relevant chromatin integrity. One of the sperm selection methods for ICSI is based on sperm functional characteristics. This study was designed to compare two sperm selection methods (HA binding and Zeta method) for selection of spermatozoa with normal morphology and intact chromatin.Semen samples of 70 infertile couples referring to Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center was assessed during this study. Semen analysis was carried out according to WHO criteria. Semen samples divided into 3 groups. A portion of neat semen considered as control group and remained of semen used for Zeta and HA binding procedures. Sperm morphology, protamine deficiency and DNA fragmentation were assessed by Papanicolaou staining, Chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining, and SCD test, respectively in 3 group.Both HA binding assay and Zeta method are efficient to select sperm with normal morphology and lower protamine deficiency (P < 0.05). But in term of DNA fragmentation Zeta method appear to be more efficient to select sperm with low DNA fragmentation (P < 0.05).Our results suggest that these sperm selection methods can select spermatozoa with normal morphology and protamine content for ICSI. But Zeta method may be more efficient to select sperm with low DNA fragmentation. In patient with high DNA fragmentation, Zeta method can be useful to select spermatozoa for ICSI.

Mucormycosis is a life threatening angioinvasive fungal infection that causes thrombosis and tissue necrosis, it often affects diabetic and immune compromised patients. Ophthalmic artery, cavernus sinus and internal carotid artery involvement have been reported. Treatment includes wide surgical debridement and antifungal agents that the newest of witch is posaconazole. Case Report:In this article we report a diabetic man with sino-orbital mucormycosis whose treatment switched to posaconazole for 8 weeks because of renal failure due to amphotricine B and after clinical and radiological improvement he was discharged; but 2 weeks later, he was admitted again because of severe headache and involvement of temporal artery with mucormycosis established by biopsy.

The process of atherosclerosis may begin developing during childhood. Multiple studies show that risk factors for coronary artery diseases are present in children and adolescents. Risk factors that have been shown to track are obesity, high blood pressure (BP), physical inactivity and smoking. The schools are an especially effective and efficient system for providing health education for children. Both classroom – based and risk – based interventions had positive effects on physical activity and knowledge: however, the results from the large group, classroom – based approach showed stronger trends and were much easier to implement in the school system. The major purpose of the school – based project of our Healthy Heart Study was to determine whether a school – based intervention could improve healthy heart knowledge in third, fourth and fifth grade children in Shahr-e-kord.