مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 430 (هفته دوم تیر 1396)

This study aimed to investigate the effect of some socio-demographic factors on control of blood glucose in patients with type II diabetes.
In this study cross-sectional research, study population included all the patients with type II diabetes in Isfahan Township, Iran. A researcher-made checklist constituted the data collection instrument in this study. This checklist consisted of two sections where the first part encompassed questions about demographic characteristics, including age, gender, occupation, marital status, education level, and family size. The second part included some questions on the effective social factors in health, such as socioeconomic status, insurance coverage, diabetes care service centers, the measured values of fasting blood glucose, blood glucose levels two hours after a meal, HbA1C, lipoproteins, weight, height, and blood pressure.
Findings: The Study of social variables and cardiovascular disease risk factors in two groups based on logistic regression showed that the duration of disease (OR = 1.12, CI 95%: 1.03-1.22) and the mean level of blood glucose (OR = 3.81, CI 95%: 1.22-11.87) associated with glycemic control indexes. Other measured variables did not show any significant relationship with glycemic control indexes.
Based on the results of this study, the duration of diabetes and the mean level of blood glucose among the patients can influence diabetes control indicators.

In the vicinity of some of radiation therapy centers, measured exposure may not agree with calculated values due to the skyshine phenomenon. The aim of this study was to determine a computational model to predict the dose of radiation skyshine via Monte Carlo simulations.
The simulation of linear accelerator head, skyshine geometry, and skyshine dose calculation at several heights and for different roof thicknesses was done using Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (MCNPX) code. The simulation results were validated via measuring and then were compared with the Council on Radiation Protection-151 (NCRP151) model results.
Findings: The results of dose distribution in skyshine simulated model for all thicknesses of roof and every height from ground level showed an increase in the dose up to about 10 meters distance from the isocenter and then a decrease by distance from the isocenter; while the dose in the NCRP151 model, continuously decreases by distance. In addition, the amount of dose in each point was around 50 times larger than the simulated values. Dose reduction in both methods was proportional to the inverse-square.
The model developed in this study can be used to predict the skyshine dose when designing a radiotherapy facility. The developed model is superior to the NCRP151 model due to its ability to calculate the dose in every point, inside and outside of treatment room, to investigate the influence parameters such as ceiling thickness and height from ground level and to determine the point with maximum dose.

Escherichia coli (E. coli), as the main cause of urinary tract infections among most of the age groups including children, due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing has high ability to acquire antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of ESBL-producing genes in E. coli extracted from urine samples of children in Kermanshah City, Iran.
In this cross-sectional study, 95 E. coli isolates were identified via specific biochemical methods. After determination of antibiotic susceptibility using disk diffusion, ESBL-producing isolates were determined by using phenotypic combined disk (double-disk synergy) methods. The frequency of blaTEM, blaCTX-M, and blaSHV genes were determined via using specific primers and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.
Findings: Of 95 E. coli isolates, 24 samples (25.3%) were ESBL-positive and 71 (74.7%) were ESBL-negative samples. The frequency of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes was 47.5%, 37.5%, and 4.17%, respectively. The highest antibiotic resistance among isolates was to ampicillin (83.2%), cefixime (69.5%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) (67.4%), and the most antibiotic sensitivity was to imipenem (90.5%), norfloxacin (86.3%), and nitrofurantoin (83.2%).
The results showed that prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli in children was 25.3% and blaCTX-M gene was the most common. According to these findings and relatively high level of resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, the need for more medical care in the correct and appropriate use of antibiotics is concluded; further studies on this subject are recommended, too.

Few available studies suggest the possible role of vitamin D deficiency in sexual dysfunction. The relationship between vitamin D deficiency and depression is still considered challenging issue. According to the bilateral relationship between depression and sexual dysfunction, this study aimed to determine the relationship of serum level of vitamin D and depression severity with sexual function in a sample of Iranian women with sexual dysfunction in the year 2017.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 85 women diagnosed for sexual dysfunction [Female sexual Function Index (FSFI) score of less than 28] and selected via convenience sampling method at selected health centers of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, in 2017. Research instruments were demographic questionnaire, Female Sexual Function Index, and Beck's Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Serum level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D was measured via electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation and linear regression tests via SPSS software.
Findings: From all sexual response domains, arousal (r = 0.22), lubrication (r = 0.31), and sexual satisfaction (r = 0.27) domain scores and total FSFI score (r = 0.23) were directly correlated with the serum level of vitamin D (P It is appeared that there is a correlation between serum level of vitamin D and depression severity with sexual function. Broader analytical studies to identify possible causal relationship are suggested.

Finding cures with herbal origins with an easy and cost-effective way of extraction for treatment of diseases such as cancer is highly appreciated. Considering that proteases are involved in initiation and spreading of cancer cells, proteases inhibitors can be take into account as an option for treatment. Sporamin is belonging to trypsine inhibitors group which exists in sweet potato tuber. In this study, the method of sporamin extracting was optimized, and for the first time, its effect on proliferation of breast cancer, MCF-7 cell line, was examined.
Aqueous extraction was obtained from sweet potato. Transparent extraction was inserted into chromatography diethylaminoethanol-Sepharose (DEAE-Sepharose) column. After washing with a linear salt gradient, fractions were separated. To determine protein purity, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was performed. Sporamin inhibitory activity was measured using Laskowaski method, and eventually 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT method) was used to assess the antiproliferative effect of sporamin.
Findings: A single band of 25 kDa sporamin was obtained via SDS-PAGE. Its inhibitory effect was measured 800 units in mg/minute. According to the results of MTT method, the amounts of inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) for 24 and 48 hours were significantly different (P Using single-column ion exchange and linear salt gradient for sporamin purification was successful; and due to its antiproliferative effect on MCF-7 cells, there is hope that this technique could be used for the purification of drug and treatment of disease in future.