Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Volume:24 Issue: 6, Nov-Dec 2018

TP53 and the oncogene WRAP53 are adjoining genes, producing p53-WRAP53α sense-antisense RNA couples. WRAP53α is indispensable for p53 mRNA regulation and p53 induction following DNA damage. Up-regulated WRAP53β can induce neoplastic transformation and cancer cell survival. All these, along with the associations of WRAP53 single nucleotide polymorphisms with tumor incidence and prognosis, highlighted an impact in human cancers. Considering the importance of WRAP53 in modulating p53, and the frequent occurrence of thyroid cancer, we examined the association of a WRAP53 SNP (rs2287499) with thyroid cancer risk and prognosis among Iranian-Azeri population.
This research was done in Tabriz-IRAN in 2014. DNA samples obtained from 106 patients and 196 controls were subjected to polymerase chain-reaction-based single-strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. Genotypes were characterized by sequencing. Correlations of desired SNP with thyroid cancer as well as age, gender, involved thyroid lobe, lymph node metastasis, tumor type, stage, and size were estimated using Chi-square (χ2) or Fisher's exact tests with a P-value less than 0.05 as significant.
rs2287499 is not associated with thyroid cancer predisposition. Except for gender, none of the clinicopathologic factors were significantly linked to the examined genotypes.
rs2287499 is not a genetic risk factor for thyroid cancer. Although rs2287499 is not assessable as a biomarker to predict prognosis based on clinicopathologic parameters, the considerable association with gender suggests that this SNP may indirectly be relevant to gender-associated disease manifestation. Further investigations on distinct types of thyroid tumors are needed to fully characterize the rs2287499 status in thyroid malignancies.

Breast cancer is formed of a neoplastic component (epithelial) and a non-neoplastic component (stroma). Stromal- stromal and tumor- stromal interactions have been shown in the regulation of cancer cell growth, metastatic capacity and outcome of treatment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a component of tumor stroma reactionsand are considered as an important component of breast cancer tumor tissue which approximately form 50 % to 80 % of tumor tissue.In this study, the frequency of CD68 positive cells in association with other factors such as age, tumor size, ER, PR, Ki-67, Her2-neu receptors, stage and grade in invasive carcinoma tissues were morphologically and statistically evaluated. The frequency of CD68 was also discussed in relation to the number of involved lymph nodes.
A total of 50 invasive breast cancer patients with and without axillary lymph nodes involvement were studied. IHC staining for CD68 and Ki-67 markers was performed. For each tumor, 5 fields with different density of CD68 were counted under 400x by optical microscopy and the average of the five fields was taken as the percentage. Patients were divided into the two groups of low infiltration and high infiltration based on the percentage of CD68.By the same way, patients were divided into the two groups of low infiltration and high infiltration based on Ki67 percentage.
CD68 positive cells had significant correlation with ER negative and higher Ki67. No significant correlation was found between CD68 positive cells and the number of involved lymph nodes, age, size, HER2neu, PR, stage and grade.
It seems that the presence of CD68 -positive macrophages in invasive breast cancers and nearby lymph nodes is associated with a worse prognosis.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is widely reported to have adverse effect on most systems of the body. This study investigated the effects of DM on male reproductive parameters and possible role of aqueous leave extract from Basella alba in ameliorating such effects.
Male rats (n = 40) aged 8-10 weeks were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: Healthy Control (HC), Diabetic Control (DC), Healthy Treatment (HT) and Diabetic Treatment (DT). Diabetes was induced in animal by using (STZ single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), (55 mg/kg). Treatment was oral via gavage HC and DC groups received 0.5 ml/100 g normal saline daily via oral gavage, HT and DT groups received 200 mg/kg plant extract daily for 4 weeks. Fasting blood sugar and body weights were recorded weekly. Animals were sacrificed upon completion of treatments and tissues were collected for further analysis.
There was significant decrease in weights of the body, testis, and epididymis in DC compared to HC rats (P Aqueous extract of Basella alba plays a major role in ameliorating male reproductive complications due to streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.

Some recent studies have shown that citicoline improves clinical symptoms in patients with stroke. Citicoline's mechanism of action in improving the clinical symptoms is not recognized yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cerebrovascular hemodynamic status in patients with ischemic stroke treated with citicoline compared with the control group.
In this study, 64 patients (20 male, 44 female) with supratentorial ischemic stroke were included. Patients underwent transcranial and extra cranial ultrasonography within 24 hours of admission and were divided into two equal groups (32 patients per group). One group was treated with citicoline (500 mg/day) and the second group was treated with placebo for one week. Then, patients underwent transcranial and extra cranial ultrasonography again. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and independent t-test.
In this study, no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, cardiovascular factors and NIHSS was observed. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) in RCCA, RICA, RVA, LVA, and mean flow velocity (MFV) in RICA and LACA were significantly different between two groups. As there was no significant difference in confounding variables between the two groups, therefore, the difference in PSV and MFV between the groups may be due to citicoline.
Prescription of citicoline for treatment of acute ischemic stroke is associated with hemodynamic changes in cerebral arteries. This finding can be one of the citicoline's mechanisms of action in ischemic stroke process.

Sachse cold knife is conventionally used for optical internal urethrotomy to manage urethral strictures. In this procedure, the complications and recurrence rates are relatively high. We suggest combined electro cutter and cold knife as a success alternative in the management of intractable anterior urethral strictures.
In this prospective study, 87 male patients aged ≥18 years, with diagnosed intractable urethral stricture (≥2 times recurrence) who were admitted for internal optical urethrotomy during May 2010 to Jun 2013, were included. The patients were randomized into two groups: group A (electro cutter - cold knife group, n= 45) and group B (cold knife group, n= 42). In group A, internal urethrotomy was done with electro cutter - cold knife, and in group B, Sachse cold knife was used. Patients were followed up for 6 months after surgery in Outpatient Department on 15, 30 and 180 post-operative days.
The success rates in group A and B were 46.6% (21 out of 45 patients), and 23.80% (10 out of 42 patients), respectively (P Combined electro cutter with cold knife urethrotomy modality is effective than conventional cold knife urethrotome in providing immediate relief in recurrent urethral strictures and has lesser complications in patients with intractable and recurrent urethral strictures.

Synanthropic ants can transmit pathogens especially in hospital environments, but this fact had not been confirmed in Palaearctic region. This is the first study on confirming this ability of ants in this region.
Three hospitals of Bandar Abbas, Iran have been selected for monthly sampling of ants in their various wards. The main processes on collected samples were washing out and culturing on various culture media.
As many as 250 individuals from 3 sub-families and 7 species of ants have been collected. Most of the collected species were from Formicinae sub-family. Paratrechina longicornis and Camponotus sp. were the most common species. At least 12 species of pathogens were found on ant species in the study.
Environmental sanitation with emphasis on renewal of the hospital structures and informing the personnel about the ability of ants on transmission of pathogens are recommended for preventing the harmful impacts of ants.

The aim of this study was to standardize and develop the health utility index III (HUI3); quality of life questionnaire. This study was conducted for the first time in Iran.
Forward-backward translation method was applied in order to translate the Canadian version into Persian. The final version was developed after modifications. Double stage cluster sampling and simple random sampling were respectively used for population and patients. A total of 511 healthy people in 15 regions of Esfahan/Iran and 51 patients suffering from cardiovascular disease completed the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha and interclass correlation coefficient were used for testing the reliability of the questionnaire.
The mean age of population was 32.8 ± 11.3 years and the mean age of patients was 48.8 ± 6.2 years. The assessment of Interclass Correlation Coefficient of the tool in patients after two weeks in all eight questions ranged from 0.76 to 1 (ICC=0/91) that shows its high reliability. In addition, the average score in Alfa Cronbach was 0.68. Content validity of the questionnaire was 0.82. Differentiability of the test shows that a higher quality of life can be affected by male gender, higher education, low age, and employment In addition, the utility result of quality of life indicates a significant difference in the quality of life of patients compared with the general population (p = 0.004)
The results showed a translated version is valid, reliable and applicable in medical sciences studies and can be used to Persian language.

The study is intended to examine a model of direct and indirect effects (through mediating role of self-assessment latent variable containing self-efficacy and self-esteem components) of sports mental toughness construct (including the components of confidence, consistency and control) on perceived stress of athlete employees.
The researchdesign of study was correlational and its approach was structural equations. The population were all of athlete employees at National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC) that 400 of them were selected with simple random method. The applied instruments were reliable and valid. Data analysis was performed using macro program of Preacher and Hayes in SPSS-19 software and also using AMOS-20 software.
The results indicated that the directpath of the proposed model should be eliminated and after eliminating this path, themodel’sfitnessparameterswere optimized.
According to the data of this research it can be concluded that one of the mechanisms of sport’s impact on perceived stress of employees is that first, it influences the three aspects of sports mental toughness and then, a mixture of these variables’ effects improve this employees’ perceived stress through increasing the self- assessment construct of them (and its components).

Leishmaniasis is a infectious disease with broad spectrum of clinical features from typical noduloulcerative lesion to atypical lesions. In this article, we presented 4 cases with atypical presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions (including eczematous, sporotrichoid and lichenoid) in an endemic area in Iran, Kerman. The first case was a 28- year- old man presented with a pruritic purplish -red plaque with lichenoid appearance around proximal nail fold of right third finger since a few months ago. The second case was a young woman with an indurated yellowish-brown plaque with peripheral depigmentation firstly diagnosed as keloid with subsequent intralesional triamcinolone injection. The third case was a middle-aged woman with multiple ulcerated reddish-brown nodules and plaques in a linear array on both legs and one forearm (sporotrichoid pattern). The forth case was a man with a painful indurated reddish-brown plaque with yellowish crust and swelling resembling infected contact dermatitis.

Diabetic neuropathy is a common and sever complication of diabetes that its progression can lead to disability and even amputation in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effective factors in the event of neuropathy and to assess the cumulative incidence of neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.
In this cohort study, all patients with type 2 diabetes who were registered at Fereydunshahr Diabetes Clinic, Isfahan, Iran, were selected by census method. They were followed up for diagnosis of neuropathy since 2006 until March 2016. To investigate the quantitative and qualitative effective factors in the event of neuropathy, one-sample t-test and chi-square test, respectively, were used. And for modeling of effective factors in the event of neuropathy, logistic regression was used. All statistics were analyzed by R software (version 3.2.3) and P values less than 0.05 were considered significant.
At the end of 10-year follow-up, cumulative incidence and prevalence of neuropathy were estimated 31% and 41.6%, respectively. After removal of confounders in the final model, variables such as age, ethnicity, family history of diabetes, duration of diabetes, FBS and HDL levels were identified as effective factors in the event of neuropathy (P Low levels of HDL and poor control of FBS level are modifiable risk factors for diabetic neuropathy. But non-modifiable risk factors include Persian ethnicity, family history of diabetes, age and increase of diabetes duration. For this reason, in order to increase the HDL level and to decrease FBS level, education is recommended particularly in elderly patients with a family history of diabetes.