نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و یکم شماره 2 (پیاپی 109، اردیبهشت 1395)

In the recent decades, many researches have been conducted to prevent destructive effects of gamma-ray on the body tissues. One of these researches is the use of radio-protector before radiation. In this study, we examine para-amino propinophenone (PAPP) effects, as a radio-protector, on the variations of Gonadotropin and testosterone.
In this experimental study, 70 adult male rats were studied. They were randomly divided into 10 septet groups. Control group received food and water; and no more experimental material was given or fed. Sham group receivedsolvent(ethanol 96%). Groups3,4 and 5 received10, 20, 40 mg/ kg of PAPP were injected. Group 6 was influenced by gamma-ray (2greys). Group 7 were given 1ml ofethanol and after a half an hour were influenced bygamma-ray (2greys).Groups8, 9 and 10 received 10, 20, 40 mg / kg of PAPP respectivelyafter a half an hour were influenced by gamma-ray (2greys).All injections continued for 3 days.All groups were bled to measure their testosterone, FHS and LH hormones.Statistical analysis carried out by SPSS 19 software.
The findings show that in the groups treated by gamma-ray, the amount of testosterone, FHS and LH hormones were reduced significantly compared with control group (P≤ 0.05). In the groups treated by para-amino Propiophenone (PAPP) and gamma-ray (from low to high concentrations), the level of testosterone, FHS and LH hormones increased gradually so that in maximum level, the hormone level reached to control level.
PAPP reduced the damages caused by gamma-ray on the amount of testosterone, FHS and LH hormones. Its protective effect is dosage-dependent. It seems that PAPP protects cells and tissues from destructive effects of free radicals caused by gamma-rays, through hypoxia.

Exercise is an important component of health and an integral approach to the management of diabetes mellitus. So, the purpose of this study is to the comparison of effects of eight weeks of (intense interval training and concurrent resistance- endurance training) on fasting glucose and insulin and insulin resistance in women with mellitus diabetes.
Fifty-two overweight female type 2 diabetic patients (age; 45-60 years old and fasting blood glucose≥ 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l)) were assessed for eligibility. Participants were assigned to intense interval training group (N=17), concurrent resistance- endurance training group (N=17) and control group (N=18). The exercises were included 10 weeks of concurrent resistance- endurance training and intense interval training. Fasting blood glucose, serum insulin concentrations levels were measured.
Concurrent training group trained eight weeks, three times a week of endurance training at 60% of maximum heart rate (MHR) and two resistance training sessions per week with 70% of one repetition maximum (1-RM). Intense interval training group trained for eight weeks, three sessions per week for 4 to 10 reps Wingate test on the ergometer 30s in all out. The control group did no regular exercise. At the end of 42 of the participants failed to complete the course of study and 10 patients were excluded them due to illness and to participate in exercises. Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels 24 hours before and 48 hours after the last training session was measured.
The same test revealed that, differences was significant for the fasting blood glucose in the intense interval training groups (p=0.000). Serum insulin levels showed significant increases in the SIT (p=0.000) and Com (p=0.000) significantly. The data showed significant differences in insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in intense interval training (p=0.000) and concurrent resistance- endurance training (p=0.008). ANCOVA test showed no significant difference in fasting blood glucose concentrations (P=0.171).
Results highlight that exercise training independent of mode of training (intense interval training versus concurrent resistance- endurance training) is an effective training method to improve body composition and glycemic control in mellitus diabetes.

Cyclophosphamide is an anticancer drug which causes alkylation on DNA in cells. The side effects of cyclophosphamide are bone marrow damages and anemia. Hypericum perforatum is a medicinal plant which widely used in traditional medicine. In this study the hemotopoetic effect of Hypericum perforatum leaf extract (HPE) on bone marrow function and blood parameters in male rat were treated with cyclophosphamide was investigated.
Method & Materials: The 42 male Wistar rats with 220±25 gr body weight were divided randomly in 6 groups (n=7): control (taking normal saline,0.5ml/day, i,p ),witness group taking cyclophosphamide (15mg/kg/day, i.p.),positive control group taking HPE (200mg/kg, i.p/day), treated groups 1,2 and 3: (taking cyclophosphamide ,15mg/kg/day, i.p. 100mg/Kg, 200mg/Kg and 400mg/kg HPE /day for 10 days, i,p). After the examination the blood samples were collected from heart directly and RBC, WBC, Hct, Hb and PL were analyzed. All data were expressed as mean±SEM and statistical significance differences was accepted at P Our results showed that the cyclophosphamide has injury effect on bone marrow tissue. The blood cells count decreased in groups treated by cyclophosphamide significantly. The groups treated with HPE were significantly increased in blood parameters compared with group taking cyclophosphamide alone (P The Hypericum perforatum hydoethanolic extract has antioxidant and flavonoids compounds which can protect the bone marrow tissues against cyclophosphamide

polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder, which affects 15/6 % of women in Iran. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) has phytoestrogenic and anti-diabetic effects. In This study has examined the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Licorice root on some biochemical parametters in rats with PCOS.
In this experimental study, 50 female puber Sprague dawley (180±20 gr) rats with regular Sexual cyclewere intered in the study. Studied groups including:Normal group: were received carrier(normal saline) (2 ml/kg) daily, orally for 21 days.
letrozole group: were received letrozole (1 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline (2 ml/kg) for 21 days then normal saline (2 ml/kg) daily,orally for 30 days.
Treatment 1 and 2 groups: were received letrozole (1 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline (2 ml/kg) for 21 days then hydroalcoholic extract of Licorice root respectively, (200 and 400 mg/kg) dissolved in normal saline (2 ml/kg) daily, orally for 30 days..
In the end of study blood samples was collected from heart and serum level of blood sugar, triglyceride and cholesterol was measured and their serum level were compared using One-way anova at a significance level of p Serum level mean of blood sugar increased in Letrozole group compared to Normal group and decreased in Treatment groups compared to Letrozole group(pExtract of licoricecan improve the adverse effects caused bydiabet in polycystic ovary syndrome but effect of this extract on triglyceride and cholesterol need to more studies.Content

Mirror therapy is a relatively new intervention that focuses on moving the defective part in front of the mirror and the intervention is proposed to be an important tool to improve stability during rehabilitation program of amputee. This study aims to evaluate the effects of 12 sessions of mirror therapy on postural control kinetic variables of amputees when manipulating sensory information.
In this quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and random group design, 14 below knee amputees (n =7 control and n =7 experimental) were enrolled. The experimental group engaged in 12 session of exercise therapy in front of mirror but the control group just did their routine daily activities without any intervention. To asses postural control, Computerized Dynamic Posturography was used which shows the balance score according to two variables of stability and displacement of the center of gravity while manipulating sensory organization in 6 conditions (absence or presence of vision, presence or manipulation of vestibular and kinesthetic information). For data analysis, multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA) with repeated measures and Bonferroni post-hoc test were used.
The results showed that postural control improved in the experimental group compared to the control group in all six sensory manipulation conditions. The balance improvement in the mirror therapy group in the first condition (existence of three senses of vision, vestibular and kinesthetic) and second condition (elimination of sight and presence of vestibular and kinesthetic information) has been higher than other conditions. Balance scores were worse in condition 6 (manipulation of vestibular and kinesthetic) in the control group compare to other sensory conditions.
Finding of the research showed that 12 sessions of mirror therapy can improve balance in people with below knee amputations. Moreover, application of mirror in exercise sessions can reduce the amplitude of fluctuation and increase alignment and strategies, which helps promotion of balance control.

Psychological consequences of war, regardless of disruption in social functioning of the injured, bring about difficulties for the families of the injured and the larger society. The present study aimed to study the effectiveness of forgiveness-based group intervention in the subjective well-being of the wives of war veterans.
In this interventional study, 40 wives of war veterans in Noorabad Mamasani were chosen through convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The instruments used in the study were Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) The research design was pre-experimental involving a pre-test and a post-test. Forgiveness-based group intervention was performed on the experimental group for 10 sessions, each lasting 90 minutes once a week. At the end of the treatment, a post-test was administered. In order to analyze the data, use was made of ANCOVA.
Findings: Forgiveness-based group intervention promotes the subjective well-being (increase in positive emotions and satisfaction with one’s life and decrease in negative emotions) in the intervention group, compared with the control group. Mean and standard deviation of pre-test experimental groups positive emotions, life satisfaction, and negative emotions were 34/70 and 3/26, 15/80 and 3/20, 24/85 and 5/09 respectively. In the post-test of the Mean and standard deviation of experimental groups if the above-mentioned variables were 41/60 and 2/52, 19/15and 2/41, 16/70 and 2/59 respectively.
The findings of the study suggest that it is possible to make use of forgiveness-based intervention to promote subjective well-being.

Marriage means common life wedlock with relative independency protection. It could be one of the most complex human relationships. Its stability could be strongly dependent on satisfaction and its quality. Using different psychological techniques and approaches, a lot of studies have been conducted to increase these marital indexes. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the role of choice theory training to couple and its effects on marital life satisfaction and quality of marital life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of reality therapy on marital satisfaction of married women employed at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences quality.
The present study had a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group. The study population consisted of all employees married women of Yasuj university of Medical Sciences in 2014, which by random sampling 30 participants were selected and randomly assigned into two experimental groups for 2 months (8 sessions of 2 hours) of reality therapy training. Enrich marital satisfaction scale and Fletcher quality of marital life scale were used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 and P value of 0.05.
The results indicated that the total mean scores in marital satisfaction in experimental groups (129.07±4.2) significantly increased compared to the control group (113.4±6.8). The mean differences in all subscales (with except of leisure time and relative sub scales) were significantly different. In quality of marital life, mean scores were significantly different between two groups (120.32±5.3 in experimental group against 101.2±7.28 for control group).
The results indicated that training of reality therapy based on choice theory to couples could increase marital satisfaction and quality of life.

Background and The CYP2D6 enzyme is one of the most important members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily which is crucial for the metabolism of many drugs. The CYP2D6 gene presents a high allele heterogeneity that determines great inter-individual variation classified into extensive, intermediate, or poor drug metabolizers. The CYP2D6*4 allele is the most common polymorphic allele of CYP2D6 gene which due to a nucleotide change of G1934→A, resulting in a decreased or no activity of CYP isoenzyme. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of CYP2D6*4 allele among patients and control group and to find out the relation of this polymorphism with the risk of ovarian cancer.
For this purpose, in this study, a reliable PCR-RFLP method was used to determine the CYP2D6*4 allele frequency among 120 cancer patients admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital and data was compared with 125 normal controls visited the same center for other problem. The analysis of OR, with 95% confidence interval (95% CI), that were collected from the studies. Risk associations were considered significant when the P-value was ≤0.05.
The results showed that in ovarian cancer patients, the incidence of poor metabolizer was %13.3, and of heterozygotes extensive metabolizer %23.3 and extensive metabolizer %63.3 which was no significant association between HEM and ovarian cancer risk (OR=1.27 95%CI 2.85-0.56 P=0.55). Also no association was observed between PM and risk of this disease (OR=0.75 95%CI 1.38-0.41 P= 0.36) among the studied population.
There was no association between CYP2D6*4 allele G1934→A genetic polymorphism with ovarian cancer among studied population.