نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و یکم شماره 6 (پیاپی 113، شهریور 1395)

Background and Recently, the interaction of lipopolysaccharide activated mesenchymal stem cells and neutrophils have been documented. Current study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the Green tea extract, as a widely consumed beverage on the interaction of lipopolysaccharide activated MSCs on neutrophils.
In this experimental study, after isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow of rats, these cells were stimulated with 10 ng/mL LPS for 1 h and then the condition medium threw out. After washing mesenchymal stem cells, they have been pulsed with different concentration of Green tea extract (0, 10,100 and 500 µg/ml) for 24 h. Then, mesenchymal stem cells were co-cultured with neutrophils and incubated for 4 h. Then, the functions of neutrophils were evaluated. The data were analyzed by Kruskal wallis test. P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Pro-inflammatory mesenchymal stem cells (Challenged with LPS) caused a decrease in vitality, Neutral Red-uptake and respiratory burst of co-cultured neutrophils. Treatment of pro-inflammatory mesenchymal stem cells with higher concentration of Green tea extract potentiated the decrease rate of Neutral Red-uptake and respiratory burst of co-cultured neutrophils. Moreover, the vitality of neutrophils was increased in a dose-independent manner by Green tea extract.
collectively, it seems that, treatment of mesenchymal stem cells in inflammatory condition with Green tea extract may potentiate the role of mesenchymal stem cells in increasing the vitality and decreeing the phagocytosis and respiratory burst of neutrophils.

The salvia is one of the membranes of the Laminaceae family that its pharmacologic effects are associated to Phenolics. According to its antioxidative effect, it can remove the free O2 radicals which produced during ischemia reperfusion. In this study in order to investigate the effect of Salvia rhytidea extract on changes of cellular numbers in different layers of cerebellar cortex following ischemia and blood reperfusion in left common carotid and left vertebral arteries, 35 adult male rats were randomly divided into 7 groups of 5 rats:Group 1 (control-): Sampling whitout ischemia. Group 2 (control ): Cerebellar ischemia induced by left common carotid and left vertebral arteries occlusion with administration of normal saline. Group 3(sham): Manipulation of the left common carotid and the left vertebral arteries whitout ischemia with normal saline administration. Treatment groups (4 , 5 , 6 and 7):Cerebellar ischemia induced by the left common carotid and left vertebral arteries occlusion. Group 4 received (3.2 mg/kg) aqueous and alcoholic Salvia extract 2 hours after ischemia. Group 5 received 50 mg/kg silymarin drug, 2 hours after ischemia. Group 6 received 3.2 mg/kg aqueous and alcoholic Salvia extract 72, 48, 24 and 0 h before ischemia. Group 7 received silymarin drug (50 mg/kg), 72, 48, 24 and 0 h before ischemia. 24 h following reperfusion, the rats were euthanized, and after blood collection, samples of the cerebellum were obtained. By using routine histological technique, the sections were stained by H&E. The measurement of cell count in cerebellar cortex were accomplished.
The neuronal cell counting of cerebellum revealed that neuronal cell numbers in granular layer significantly decreased in ischemic group without treatment and in groups that received salvia extract and silymarin 2 h after ischemia compared to the control (P˂0.05).While there was no significant decrease in the number of cells of this layer in the groups that received salvia extract and silymarin before ischemia. But the cell number of molecular and purkinje layers in above groups no significant difference observed compared to the control group (P˃0.05).
Finally, according to this study, following cerebellar ischemia, the number of neuronal cells in granular layer of cerebellar cortex decreased. But pretreatment with Salvia rhytidea extract and silymarin did not change this factor. But administration of salvia extract and silymarin after ischemia, does not affect improving the number of neuronal cells in granular layer. So pretreatment with Salvia rhytidea extract silimar to silymarin drug improves the cerebellar injuries following ischemia.

The use of bio preservative or strains as sources are interested for food bioprocessing technologist and one of the last one solutions methods for increase of the shelf life of food by the health authorities . This study aim was determined of the anti-bacterial supernatant of yeasts isolated from Richal as a traditional dairy product and some Armenian fermented dairy products .
In this experimental study, have used 77 strains of yeast from Armenian,s products and 12 strains from Iranian,s Richal were isolated, which their supernatant purified . The purified supernatant on three strain as food spoilages bacteria B. subtilis 17-89 , B . Thuringensis17-89 , S.typhimuium G-38 , on 3media in 2condition as aerobic and anaerobic were tried .The amount of diameters as antibacterial activity were measured and reported .
The total of 89 strains of yeast, (13.5) percent, have displayed of antibacterial activity that three of them belong of Richal and 9 strains from Armenian fermented food. The Armenian T86 Yeast and FA1 (25) strains from Richal have strong antibacterial activity on aerobic ,anaerobic conditions on three medias . The comparisons of mean diameters on three spoilages factor have shown Richal strains are high different significant (psubtilis and lowest on S.typhimuium.
The results were indicated that isolated of yeast strains in anaerobic and aerobic conditions on spoilage bacteria have antibacterial activity. Thus, it can be said adding the yeast or its supernatant to food, can introduce a function product to food industry.

Breast cancer, is the most common type of cancer and the most common cause of death in middle-aged women in developed countries; Results also show that inactivity and hormonal changes increase the risk of breast cancer. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise on the growth hormone and 17-beta estradiol levels in middle-aged women with breast cancer.
In this semi-experimental study, 15 women with breast cancer with mean age (44.46±17.15 years), Weight (70.53±5.18 kg) and body mass index (27.58±2.18 kg/m2) were selected through available sampling and considered as the experimental group. The exercise program was performed three sessions per week and every session during 40-60 minutes and with an intensity of 30%-60% heart rate reserve (HRR) for eight weeks. As all patients were fasting for 12 hours and did not have vigorous physical activity 24 hours, the levels of growth hormone and 17-beta estradiol were measured before and after eight weeks of aerobic exercise. Data were analyzed by paired samples t-test at a significance levels of P The growth hormone levels did not changed significantly after eight weeks of aerobic exercise (P=0.447), whereas 17-beta estradiol levels decreased significantly (P=0.000).
It seems that eight weeks of aerobic exercise can reduce one of the breast cancer markers (17-beta estradiol); so these training are recommended for the improving or prevention of the breast cancer.

Mothers who have children with Oppositional defiant disorder experience greater problems related to mental health including anxiety, depression and aggression. In this regard, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a mindfulness-based parenting training in anxiety, depression and aggression of Mothers who have children with Oppositional defiant disorder.
This is Semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group. The statistical population of this study included all Mothers who have femal student with Oppositional defiant disorder (age group 6 to 12 years) of primary school Nour Abad city. sampling was conducted in two stages of random and purposive. For this purpose, 34 mothers of girls with Oppositional defiant disorder after Purposive sampling were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (17 in each of groups). The Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL) and Teacher Report Form (TRF) with clinical interviews were used for screening and the anxiety and depression inventory and aggression questionnaire were used to collect data in two conditions (pretest and posttest). Mindful Parenting course was implemented for the experimental group in 8 sessions, 2 hours each. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (ver 23), descriptive statistical parameters (mean and SD) and univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
Results of ANCOVA showed that Mindful Parenting course with a statistically significant difference between pre-and post-test scores that leads to decreasing scores of anxiety, depression and aggression. So that in the Post-stage after controlling for pre-test scores, the experimental group compared to the control group reported less anxiety, depression and aggression.
With regard to the effective use of Mindful Parenting course to decreasing symptom-related with anxiety, depression and aggression in mothers of girls with Oppositional defiant disorder, the training program should be directed toward reducing stress and promotion of general health in this group of people.

Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a Staphylococcus aureus gamma toxin. A strong epidemiologic link exists between methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), a cytotoxin found particularly in deep primary skin infections. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus cases seems to be low but increasing in iran. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify Staphylococcus aureus virulence Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) and methicillin resistance genes in clinical samples using PCR techniques.
In this cross-sectional study, 83 isolates were isolated of blood samples and detected as Staphylococcus aureus during the period of 6 months in Ali Ebne AbiTaleb Hospital, Zahedan, Iran. At first, the antibiotic susceptibility of all isolates to methicillin was determined using Cefoxitin(30µg) disk diffusion and agar screening methods. Then, PCR method was used to detemine PVL and mecA genes.
Out of 89 isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in blood, 47 (52.82%) were methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and 42 (47.20%) methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolates (MSSA). Also, we found that of 36 isolates (87.14%) were positive for PVL; of them, 29 (80.55%) were of MRSA and 7 (19.44%) were of MSSA isolates.
According to the results of this study, we found high prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin in Zahedan. Extensive Pantone-Valentin gene in the resistant strains indicates that as a factor underlying for resistance strains to gene expression toxin-producing. infectivity Power of these strains more and less sensitive. can be severe Staphylococcus aureus infections control by rapid detection and accurate isolation carriers of the genes.

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a pathogenic vibrio that exists in the sea coast worldwide. This bacterium causes diarrhea because of consumption of raw sea foods. The purpose of the present study was the determination of phylogenetic relationship among Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates from Persian gulf and evaluation of their susecptibility to antibiotics.
A total 89 water, sediment, fish and shrimp samples were collected from different regions of the Persian Gulf and evaluated for isolation and identification (phenotypic and molecular (16SrRNA)) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus . Then Kanagawa positive and negative Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates were separated and the phylogenetic relationship among the isolates and two standard genes were determined. Finally, susceptibility of Kanagawa positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus to antibiotics and Minimal inhibitory concentrations were assessed by disk diffusion and double serial dilution methods.
A total nine Vibrio parahaemolyticus were isolated and identified from the samples. Of all five strains were Kanagawa positive and 4 strains were Kanagawa negative. All isolates exhibited phylogenetic relationship to each other except NSP1 strain. The results obtained from antibiotic susceptibility illustrated that Kanagawa positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus were resistance to Vancomycin, Oxacillin, and Amikacin and susceptible to Trimetoprim Sulfometaxazole. The lowest Minimal inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value was found for Sulfometaxazole and highest MIC value was found for Nitofuran.
The present study illustrated that pathogenic and nonpathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus of Persian Gulf have phylogenetic relationship. Hence, horizontal gene transfer occurs among them. In addition, Trimetoprim Sulfometaxazole might be consided a durg of choice for treatment of the patient suffering from Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections.

One of the most critical stages of women’s lives is menopause. It is caused by permanent cessation of ovarian function and decline of estrogen level. Menopause has numerouse side effects (Physical and psychological). Recent neurophysiological data suggest that the function of central nervous system may be susceptible to modulation by estrogen. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the five important parts (prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus, limbic system, basal ganglia and temporal cortex) of the brain and mood changes (anxiety and depression) with the level of estrogen in postmenopausal and premenopausal women in Isfahan.
The research was descriptive. The statistical Sample was 200 women (100 postmenopausal women 45 to 65 years old, and 100 premenopausal women, 20 to 40 years old) who were selected by non-random available sampling method in Sajjad and Motahari health centers and Amin and Asgarieh hospitals. Beck Depression Inventory-Secsend Edition (BDI-II) (r=0.93), Beck Anexity Inventory (r=0.92) and Amenʼs questionnaire of brain systems (r=0.89) which was designed to assess five brain parts (prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus, limbic system, basal ganglia and temporal cortex) were used to collect data. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (MANOVA) was performed using the software Spss22.
Significant differences were found in the function of the brain systems (prefrontal cortex, cingulate gyrus, limbic system, basal ganglia and temporal cortex) and levels of estrogen and anexity between two the groups postmenopausal and premenopausal women (P0/001).
It seems that in addition to the role of estrogen in women's sexual and reproductive impact on the nervous system and its parts and function of five brain systems reduced after menopause due to reduction in the protective effects of estrogen. So that they can be two-way communication and convergence between secretes hormones and brain function and mood changes such as anxiety and depression explained.