نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال نوزدهم شماره 7 (پیاپی 90، مهر 1393)

At the present time, obesity as one of the most important public health problems which has widely prevailed throughout the world. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the attachment-based therapy, dietary-therapy, and the combined treatment method on weight (body mass index) loss in obese high school adolescents of Yasuj city. This clinical trial study was conducted on sixty female high school students of Yasuj, Iran, diagnosed with overweight and obesity. Subjects were randomly selected and divided into four equal groups, and their body mass indexes were assessed. Three intervention groups were exposed to the attachment-based therapy, dietary-therapy, and combined treatment method. The fourth group (control) did not receive any intervention. Following the treatment period, body mass indexes of the four groups were assessed. The data were analyzed by implementing Univariate analysis of covariance and LSD post hoc tests. All three intervention methods of weight loss significantly increased compared with the control group (p < 0.001). However, the combination therapy was more effective. According to the findings of this study, it was concluded that although interventional techniques such as attachment-based therapy and dietary therapy are effective for weight loss, the combination of these two methods were more effective for weight loss.

Backgrounds & Wheezing after bronchiolitis is known as a risk factor for asthma. No cure or effective vaccine has been identified for such disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of zinc sulfate on persistent wheezing after bronchiolitis in infants less than two years. The present randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 90 infants under two years of age suffering from the first attack with a clinical diagnosis of bronchiolitis wheezing hospitalized in Imam Sajjad Hospital, Yasuj. All infants were equally placed in test groups and control group. In addition to bronchiolitis usual treatment, test group received 20 mg of elemental zinc for seven days. Patient information including risk factors associated with wheezing and persistent wheezing were compared 48 hours and two weeks after treatment. Data were analyzed using chi square and t tests. In all 90 infants diagnosed with bronchiolitis, wheezing was observed. After 48 hours and two weeks wheezing was continued in 67 patients (74.4%) and 54 patients (60%) respectively. The results showed Zinc sulfate had no effect on the improvement of wheezing after bronchiolitis.

Backgrounds & Sporadic Alzheimer's is known as a new type of devastating disease that the impairment of the insulin signaling pathway may be one of factors causing it. The aim of study was to determine the impact of humanin on spatial memory impairment induced by intraventricular injection of streptozotocin in rats. In this experimental study 42 male rats weighing 250 to 300 g were selected and then cannule implanted bilaterally into their lateral ventricles. STZ or saline was injected in lateral ventricle every other day for the first and the third days. Humanin drug was injected at doses (0.01, 0.05, 0.1and 1 n/mol) from days four until fourteenth. From day 14th to 17th the animal spatial memory was studied using water maze method. Data were analyzed by repeated measure and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's test. Groups treated with humanin at doses 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 1 n/mol could not significant improved spatial memory deficits induced by STZ. Humanin with its known neuroprotective effects could not improve spatial memory deficits induced by intra-cerebroventricular STZ.

Backgrounds & apium graveolens contains antioxidant activity and high level of polyphenolics. The purpose of this study was to determaine the effect of Apium graveolens seeds extract on semen parameters and serum testosterone level in mice. In the present experimental study, sixty male mice were divided into three experimental groups and a control group. The hydroalcoholic seed extract of Apium graveolenas L. was administered intraperitoneally at the doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg for 14 days. A week after the final injection, blood samples were collected for hormonal assay. Then, the testes weight, sperm count and cauda epididymal sperm motility was assessed. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test. The results were compared with the control group indicating a significant increase in the total number of sperm at dose 400 mg.kg and increase sperm motility was seen in groups receiving 200 and 400 mg.kg respectively (P<0.001). Increased testosterone levels in the group receiving 400 mg.kg compared with the control group was observed (P<0.01). A significant increase was seen in testes weight compared with the control group (P<0.05). Apium graveolens seed extract appeared to be effective in improving semen parameters and serum total testosterones were dose dependent.

Changes in the metabolism of cancer cells plays a major role in the survival and their expansion. The aim of this study was to determine expression of lactate transmitters in Balb/c mice with breast cancer after endurance training. In this experimental study twenty-five Balb C mice were randomly divided into two groups of breast cancer control (N=13) and breast cancer training (N=12). Breast cancer was induced in mammary fat pad by injection of cancer cells (MC4L2) in mice and endurance training protocol was applied for 7 weeks in the experimental group. Tumor volume and MCT1, MCT4, and CD147 expression were measured by micro digital caliper and western blotting technique respectively. Data were analyzed statistically using Student t and Pearson. Significant decreases was found in weight and CD147 expression of tumor after 7 weeks of endurance training in the exercise group compared to the control group. No significant differences were seen in MCT4 expression and tumor volume between the groups (05 / 0p>0.05). Significant correlation was found between tumor MCT1 and CD147 expression (P < 0.05), while the relationship between MCT4 and CD147 expression in tumors was not statistically significant. Endurance training can reduce lactate metabolism in cancer cells through suppression of lactate transporters expression and provides a useful tool in breast cancer treatment or prevention.

Backgrounds & Vitexagnus-castus as an herbal medicine has been used for the treatment of female reproductive disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ethanol extracts of Vitexagnus-castus on placental histomorphology in rat models. In the present experimental study, fourty pregnant rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=10). A control group received only distilled water and three experimental groups were treated with extract of Vitexagnus-castus at doses of 25, 50 and 75 mg/kg at days of six to the seventeenth of intraperitoneally administration. On day of18 of gestation, after anesthesia with chloroform half the animals in each group were killed and histomorphological study was calculated. After delivery the resulting offspring of the other half of animals in each group was counted and survival rates at days 5, 15, 25 and 42 after birth were decreased. The results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA test. Treatment with 50 mg/kg VAC extract reduced the size and number of trophoblast giant cells, and significantly increased trophoblast cells glycogen. Treatment with 75 mg/kg extract induced massive hyperemia in the labyrinth interhemal membrane. In addition, in the all experimental groups the number of neonates was drastically decreased on days 5, 15, 25, and 42 after birth. Vitexagnus-castus extract alters the structure of the placenta and may be impaired its function. Cautious should be recommended for oral consumption or medicinal plants, especially in pregnant women.

Backgrounds & Hypericum is a traditional medicinal plant that used for the topical treatment of superficial wounds, burns and dermatitis.the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Hypericum perforatum extract and1 % silver sulfadiazine on a second degree burn wound healing in the male rat. This experimental study was performed on 30 adult male Wistar rats weighing 50 ± 200 gr. To make the second degree burns wound at area of 2 square centimeters with boiling water, animals were anesthetized using sodium thiopental. The animals then divided into three equal groups randomly. Control group was washed with sailine every day. The second and the third groups were treated with 1% silver sulfadiazine ointment and Hypericum perforatum extract respectively. After thirty-five days of treatment, mice were anesthetized and tissue samples were taken for processing and staining with hematoxylin and eosin and examined under light microscope. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Average surface burns,thickness of the epidermis and malondialdehyde levels in HP treatment compared with 1% silver sulfadiazine was close to normal control but no significant differences was found between Hypericum perforatum extract and silver sulfadiazine at duration of treatment (p> 0.05). Although there was no statistically significant difference, but the restorative effects of HP -treated group compared with the other groups showed better result.

Backgrounds & nowadays measuring the quality of life in the health care system is imperative. The purpose of this study was to predict the quality of life according to public health, social support and self-efficacy in patients with cardiovascular disease. the present descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 70 individuals with cardiovascular disease referred to medical centers and Yasuj clinics selected by purposeful sampling. The Research instruments included the quality of life scale, general health questionnaire, social support and self-efficacy questionnaire. Data were analyzed by using of Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. The results indicated that a significant relationship was found among the quality of life, self-efficacy, social support and health, public affairs (p<0.001). Multiple regression showed that 76% of the variables under study could be predicted by the study criteria. Furthermore, stepwise regression analysis showed that the percentage of public health variables 69, social support 3 variables and self-efficacy 4 as the criterion variable were predicted the changes distinction. With the development of social support networks and self-education, health and public affairs, the quality of life in patients with cardiovascular disease could improve.

Backgrounds & welding is one of the major processes used in industry. Occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation causes the risk factors for eye and skin disorders in welders. The aim of this study was to determine the level of exposure of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and health consequences arising among welding steel of Fars industry. In the present analytical-descriptive cross-sectional study by using a UV meter, the intensity of UV radiation on the wrist with heavy metal structures activity was measured. The study population were 400 subjects, including 200 welders (exposed group) and 200 non-welders (not exposure), respectively.The symptoms of cataracts, keratoconjunctivitis, dermatitis, melanoma and erythema caused by welding were collected using a standardized questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha of 0.76. Data were analyzed using chi-square and t-tests. The mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum of UV on wrist of welders were 0.362, 0.346, 1.27 and 0.01 respectively. Comparing symptoms of cataracts, keratoconjunctivitis, dermatitis and erythema the prevalence of these symptoms were observed. Duration of ultraviolet rays in welders was above the threshold limit of the contact in Iran. Considering the prevalence of eye and skin disorders in welders, reducing the duration of exposure to ultraviolet radiation control and the use of proper personal protective equipment is necessary.