نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیستم شماره 11 (پیاپی 106، بهمن 1394)

Recent evidences (knowing the effects of time on physiological variables) show that the human body undergoes a lot of changes during the day and the night and has a special ability in each hour. Competition in the morning Confronts athletes with the problem of susceptibility to infection and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to examine The effect of two weeks morning and afternoon special training program on performance and plasma levels of IL-17 and cortisol in boy wushu athletes
Fourteen sanda boy athletes were purposefully selected and after Bruce and rast tests run, divided into the two Similar groups morning-time training group (N = 7, training time 9 a.m.) and evening-time training group (N=7, training time 18 pm ). The Subjects were trained for two weeks (6 session in each week) according to an Sanda sport specific training program. Values of peak anaerobic power, average anaerobic power, minimum anaerobic power and fatigue index measured with Field rast test. To determine the amount of plasma IL-17 and cortisol , the participants’ blood samples was taken In the fasting state three times, 24 h before the first training session in baseline status and Immediately after tests at 9 am and 48 h after the last training session immediately after tests performance at 9 a.m. Data were analyzed using repeated measures, independent-samplesT-test, ,paired- samplesT-test and Covariance.
The results showed that there were significant differences between the amounts of plasma IL-17 of the two groups after two weeks(P0.05).
It seems likely transition training time to the morning, 2 weeks before the competition in the morning, decrease inflammatory factors such as IL-17 in sanda boys. Therefore appears that two weeks transition training time from evening to morning can increase the safety of athletes immune during the competition.

Background and Thalassemia is the most common genetic diseases in the world and especially in our country. For many reasons, including chronic disease, health care costs, the expected mortality Ray disease states such as anxiety, psychological and social problems in thalassemia. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) on anxiety of children with thalassemia in a 12-month follow up..
It was a clinical trial study, which was performed on 60 patients with Thalassemia in 2013-2014. A total of 60 thalassemic patients based on Beck anxiety inventory, selected using sampling and were randomly divided into experimental and Control groups. in experimental group, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy was perfomed in five sessions and The control group received no intervention. In order to collect information on demographic questionnaire and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used. data were gathered on anxiety symptoms at pretreatment, posttreatment and 12 month follow up and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated measures and chi square.
The average age of the participants was 15.22±1.93 years old. This study shows that the mean or average level of anxiety children with thalassemia in the experimental group before and after intervention and in a 12-month follow up group 34.73 ± 5.62, 19.90 ± 2.48 and 19.23 ± 2.48 respectively; repeated measures ANOVA showed significant statistical difference (p.05)
This study shows that Method of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing as an alternative method to treat or reduce anxiety, aggressive children with thalassemia .Trained Nurses can use this new method is effective in the treatment of anxiety.

Pain is a somatosensory sense that as an indicator to diagnoses for diseases . Pelargonium graveolens is known as a medicinal plant with use in traditional medicine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the analgesic effect of Pelargonium graveolens leaves extract (PGE) in male mice.
Material and In this experimental study, 42 male mice were divided in 6 groups (n=7). The control group(taking normal saline,0.25 ml, i.p), morphine group( 1mg/kg, i.p), treated groups with PGE at doses of 100, 200 and 600mg/kg and group induced with naloxone (0.1mg/kg, i.p) 200mg/kg of PGE. In order to evaluate the analgesic effects of PGE the tail flick and writhing tests were used. The data for each test were compared with One-way ANOVA and Tukey's post test.
Our results showed that PGE (200 and 600 mg/kg) increased pain thershold compared with control group in writhing and tail flick test significantly (P The PGE has anitinociceptive effects in male mice. This analgesic effect of Pelargonium graveolens extract probably related to its flavonoids composition which has effect on opioid system.

The anti-inflammatory effects of Cynodon dactylon have been determined in some previous studies. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive study about immunomodulatory effects of C. dactylon. The present study was performed to investigate the modulatory effects of C. dactylonon macrophages functions of NMRI mice.
This survey was an experimental intervention study. The study population consisted of 14 male NMRI mice randomly categorized into 3 treatment groups and one control group (each group was contained 10 mice). Mice in treatment groups received hydroalcoholic extract of C. dactylon for 3 constitutive weeksin different doses (100,200 and 400 mg/Kg- every day, orally). Control mice received PBS at the same volume. At the end of study, macrophages isolated from peritoneal cavity of mice and the neutral red uptake, respiratory burst after challenge with tetra phorbol acetate and respiratory burst after challenge with opsonized yeast were evaluated in these population. Data were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA plus Turkey’s test. P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
The results of stimulation of macrophages with ester of phorbol showed a significant increase in respiratory burst of macrophages isolated from treatment groups compared to control mice (p However, the hydroalcoholic extract of C. dactylon caused a significant decrease in the production of the potentially harmful free radical, but it could not interfere with the function of macrophages after challenge with a real infection.

Long-term use of opioid creates tolerance, physical and psychological dependence. Discontinuation of the drug, creating a shortage of endogenous opioids and withdrawal syndrome emerges. Addiction treatment in traditional medicine using of herbs such as Carum copticum which has many therapeutic effects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Carum copticum on withdrawal syndrome in adult rats addicted to morphine.
In this study 70 male Wistar rats divided into seven groups of 10. Six groups were addicted by injection of morphine sulfate (the first 5 days 10 mg/kg, the second 5 days 15 mg/kg and on the day from 11 to 21, 20 mg/kg) subcutaneously. Groups three, four and five were fed 10%, 20% of Carum copticum extract and methadone (mg/kg 5) after addiction of animals. Groups six and seven were given 10% and 20% of Carum copticum extract from the beginning to the end of period orally. Group one (control) and Group two (morphine) were fed daily 0.5 mL of saline orally to the end of the period (day 21 to 35). Data collected from body weight, jumping, itching and diarrhea of animals were analyzed by SPSS software, using Unpaired T test, ANOVA and LSD as post-hoc statistical tests.
Comparing the mean of weight loose of the animals in different treatment groups on day 21 with 35 showed statistical significant reduction in the group that received extract of Carum copticum 10%. On the day 21, itching and jumping, in the group that received extract of Carum copticum 10%, and the diarrhea, in the group that received the extract of Carum copticum 20% compared with the control group showed a significant decrease (P According to the results, hydro-alcoholic extract of carum copticum at concentration of 10 and 20% are effective in reducing withdrawal syndrome of morphine as like as methadone. With more comprehensive and broader researches It may be utilize of this extract as an alternative to methadone used in addiction treatment to reduce symptoms of opiate withdrawal.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women . Studies have shown that increased in methylation of CpG islands (CpG island hyper methylation, CIHM), is one of the important mechanisms in gene down regulation. DAP-Kinase protein plays an important role in the process of Apoptosis. Interleukin-17 is an proinflammatory cytokine and inflammation,is one of the factors that affect on gene methylation . the purpose of this study was to evaluate the polymorphism of the IL-17 gene promoter methylation Dap-kinase and its relationship to breast cancer.
In this case - control study, A total of 40 Women with Breast cancer and 40 healthy women in Iran were examined.DNA was extracted by saluting out method and Single nucleotide Polymorphisms of the IL-17 gene were analyzed by the PCR-RFLP method and To study gene promoter methylation Dap-kinase, MSPCR method was used.data were compared in both groups by using Pearson’s chi-square and Hardy-weinberg equilibrium test.
Results confirm the fact that, there is a relationship between DAP-kinase gene promoter methylation and breast cancer disease So that the promoter of this gene in patients than in healthy individuals was much more methylated( p0.05)
Due to the fact, that promoter genes methylation is one of the mechanisms of epigenetic genes silencing, it seems that DAP-kinase gene promoter methylation increases is associated with the risk of breast cancer in women.

Aims and Prostate cancer is a complicated disease that genetics and environmental factors may be playing a promoting role in its progression. Polymorphism of genes such as steroid hormone receptors are having very important role in developing this disease. One such gene, CYP17 is playing role in hydroxylation and SRD5A2 gene, the predominant 5&alpha-reductase isozyme in prostate, catalyzes the conversion of testosterone into the more potent androgen, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is required for the normal growth and development of the prostate gland. The purpose of this study was to investigate association of CYP17 and SRD5A2 genes polymorphisms with prostate cancer risk.
PCR-RFLP analysis of CYP17 and SRD5A2 genes were performed on 100 prostate cancer patients admitted to the Department of Urology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Science and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India, and 150 patients from Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran, compared with equal number of matching controls for each group visiting same centers for other reason. The data was analyzed using the computer software SPSS for windows (version 19), using logistic regression.
In this case-control study, there was a significant increase with risk of prostate cancer association for individuals carrying one copy of CYP17 A2 allele in Iranian (OR= 2.10 95% CI, 1.03-4.27 P=0.041) and Indian populations (OR= 2.16 95% CI, 1.08-4.33 P=0.029). While the risk was decreased in individuals having two A2 alleles in both groups. Compared with men having the VV genotype of SRD5A2 gene, there was no significant association between the VL genotype and the risk of prostate cancer among Iranian (OR, 0.87 95% CI, 0.49 -1.56 P=0.661) and Indian (OR, 0.99 95% CI, 0.54 -1.81 P=0.989) patients. Also there was no difference in the occurrence of the genotype LL between prostate cancer patients and control groups in both studied populations therefore, there was no association between this genotype and prostate cancer risk.
It seems to be an association between A2A2 genotype of CYP17 gene with the risk of prostate cancer but no association was found with any alleles of SRD5A2 gene with this risk.

Spatial distribution of cancer is one of the powerful tools in epidemiology of cancer. The present study is designed to understand the geographical distribution of most frequent types of cancer in K&B province.
All registered cases of cancer are reviewed and duplicate cases were removed. The data was analyzed using Arcgis software.
Of all registered cases, 1273 remained for analysis of which 57% were residences of urban areas. Cities including Sisakht, Yasuj and Dehdsasht were shown to have highest incidence rates among the Urban areas. Dena, Sepidar and Kohmare Khaleghi had the highest rates among the rural areas in the province. Skin cancer was the most common type of cancer which had the highest rates of incidence in Sisakht and Dehdasht and Dena and Sepidar among urban and rural areas respectively.
The distribution of cancer was not even in the province. Attitude and consumption of wild and regional plants are introduced as the potential risk factors for such a spatial distribution of the common cancers I the province. The results of this study could be used for further analytical studies to understand the regional etiology of cancer in the province.