نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و یکم شماره 8 (پیاپی 115، آبان 1395)

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder recognized by chronic Hyperglycemia, Through Enzymatic and non-enzymatic processes, hyperglycemia induces glucose spontaneous oxidation and leads to oxidative stress by stimulating the production of active oxygen and nitrogen. due to the effects of antioxidant atorvastatin and zinc oxide, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of combination therapy with atorvastatin and zinc oxide on oxidative stress and antioxidants in diabetic rats.
In this experimental study, 50 female Wistar rats to were randomly divided into five groups (n=10): normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic rats treated with, atorvastatin (20mg/kg daily-orally) (DA), zinc oxide (30mg/kg daily-orally) (DZ) and combination of each drug in half-dose (daily-orally) (DAZ), were each treated separately. Diabetes induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of 60mg/Kg streptozotocin. All treatments dissolved in distilled water was for four weeks. After completion of treatment (forth week), weight and blood glucose measurement and were compared with data measured weight and blood sugar in the weeks before the start and second of the study. Also lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde: MDA (TBA) test)), the activity of catalase (CAT) that assessed by method of Aebi and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (FRAP test) were measured as markers of oxidative stress in the hippocampus. At the end of the data statistically by ANOVA and Tukey were analyzed.
The results showed that the levels of MDA, due to the high oxidative stress in diabetes significantly increased in diabetic rats and the total antioxidant capacity and activities of catalase were decreased as compared to control normal group, and zinc oxide and atorvastatin alone rather than decrease blood sugar, reduce the complications of diabetes, including oxidative damages. Combined of each drug in half dose beside lower levels of diabetic complications, cause decreased significantly (p It seems that combination of atorvastatin and zinc oxide have synergistic benefits to control blood sugar levels and oxidative stress, therefore cause control diabetes.

data from existing prevalence studies estimate that 1-78% of female athletes suffer from disordered eating .but reported folic acid can increase appetite. On the other hand ghrelin is been introduced as a a strong stimulant for appetite. to clarify the role of physical exercise and folic acid on acylated ghrelin and food intake, we examined the effect 12 weeks of aerobic training with folic acid supplementation on ghrelin hormone , the amount of food intake and weight changes in Female Wistar rats.
24 rats randomly divided into three groups (each group 8 rats) of control , training and training with folic acid supplementation. the training protocol consisted of aerobic exercise running on a treadmill for 12 weeks( 5 days a week). standard meal and water were freely provided for the subjects and in the supplement group 10 mg dissolved folic acid per liter of water were consumed and their consumed meal and weight were measured and recorder every weeks. 24 hours after the last session of training and 8 hours of overnight fasting, blood and tissue samples were collected and hormones levels were measured using eliza method. to analyze the data, one way ANOVA and tukey post hoc test was used.
The results showed that 12 weeks of aerobic training with folic acid suplementation, significantiy reduce serum acylated ghrelin levels(P0/05). in addition 12 weeks of aerobic training with folic acid suplementation, compared with other groups, significantly increased body weight and food consumption in rats (P According to the decreased serum acylated ghrelin and no change in the stomach acylated ghrelin with increased food intake and body weight in rats, it seems that taking folic acid supplements in athletes,with another strong mechanism, Influence on appetite center and increase food intake.

diabetes is chronic disease which induces increase in inflammatory factors and endothelial disorders. Aim of present study was to review the response of ICAM-1, VCAM- 1 and CRP to high and moderate endurance trainings in diabetic rats.
In this experimental research 32 diabetic male sprague dawley rats selected and base on their blood glucose divided in 4 groups of 8 rats (1) diabetes sacrifice firs week, (2) diabetes sacrifice last week, (3) moderate intensity endurance training and (4) high intensity endurance training and for review the effects of diabetes induction 16 healthy rats divided in 2 groups of healthy sacrifice firs week and healthy sacrifice last week. Rats of high and moderate intensity endurance trainings ran on treadmill for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week and 60 minutes with intensity of 10- 17 and 17- 28 meter per minute. For statistical analysis of data used K-S, one way ANOVA and tukey post hoc tests.
Results showed diabetes induction significantly increases ICAM-1 (p=0.001), VCAM- 1 (p=0.001) and CRP (p=0.01) of rats. 8 weeks moderate intensity endurance training significantly reduces ICAM-1 (p=0.001), VCAM- 1 (p=0.003) and CRP (p=0.001) of diabetic rats and 8 weeks high intensity endurance training significantly reduces ICAM-1 (p=0.04), VCAM- 1 (p=0.04) and CRP (p=0.001) of diabetic rats. Also moderate and high intensity endurance trainings have equal effect on ICAM-1 (p=0.53), VCAM- 1 (p=0.90) and CRP (p=0.99) of diabetic rats
Moderate and high intensity endurance trainings have equal effects on reduction of ICAM-1, VCAM- 1and CRP of diabetic rats.

In traditional medicine, medicinal plants containing flavonoid compounds were used for several years in the treatment of various diseases. Quercetin is one of the flavonoid composition family that has a maximum antioxidant flavonoid content. The aim of this study was to investigate the physiological features of peripheral blood neutrophils in rats treated with quercetin.
In this experimental study, after isolation of peripheral blood neutrophils in rats, neutrophils were teated with various concentrations of quercetin (0, 5, 10 and 20 micrograms per ml). The metabolic activity, phagocytosis capabilities, germicidal and respiratory burst of neutrophils were measured. In order to compare data statistics, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used.
The results demonestrated that the phagocytic ability of neutrophils increases significantly at concentrations of 10 and 20 micrograms per ml. Moreover, the application of quercetin lead to a significant reduction in killing, respiratory burst, and survival of neutrophils in the treatment group compared to that of the control group (P Quercetin could be considered as a natural immunomodulator of innate responses. This might be due to the inflammation control of neutrophils.

Most research was done on the effects of exercise rehabilitation on multiple sclerosis patients with mild to moderate disabilities. Research on patients with different intensity disability not to be carefully considered. So, this study aimed to investigate The effect of 12 weeks personalized combined exercise Rehabilitation training on physiological cost index (PCI) and walking speed in patients with multiple sclerosis. Materials and
The research is an experimental and applied study, so from the female patients admitted to the MS Society in Shahrekord, 96 subjects were divided into three groups as the sample based on the physical disability scale scores (EDSS); i.e. (less than 4.5, 5 - 6.5, and higher than 6.5). Afterwards each group was divided randomly into an experimental group and a control group. The first group (the scale of disability less than 4.5), N= 44. The second group (the scale of disability 5 - 6.5), N=26. Also 26 patients were in the third group (the scale of disability 6.5 and above). In addition, they were divided into 6 experimental and control groups. Training programs for experimental groups were 12 weeks, three sessions per week and one hour for each session. Factors such as physiological cost index and walking speed were measured with the appropriate tools before and after training. The experimental groups of 1, 2 and 3 each did their own intervention, while the control groups received only stretching exercises. Analysis of data obtained from 96 patients studied was done using descriptive statistics and the analysis of covariance and paired comparing of the adjusted means (P Changes in walking speed after the exercise protocol, the results, in walking speed or low-intensity failure of the first group (F=56.689, P=0.000), moderate intensity or the second group (F= 18.199, P=0.012), severe, or third group (F= 21.009, P=0.000), in the experimental group compared with the control group were observed before and after workouts. Also, the PCI change the results, in PCI patients with low disability severity or the first group (F= 21.658, P=0.023), moderate intensity or the second group (F= 16.009, P=0.022), severe, or third group (F= 26.669, P=0.000), in the experimental group compared with the control group were observed before and after workouts.
The implementation of the comprehensive rehabilitation exercises affected the recovery of M.S patients and caused a significant difference in physical fitness factors, psychological factors and physical disabilities of patients. According to the results, it is recommended that experts use these exercises as a complementary therapy alongside drug treatments for M.S patients.

The main thrust of the present study was to determine the psychosocial health indicators of children and young adolescents in K. & B. Province. The research design was a hybrid one, enjoying both qualitative and quantitative methods. The primary data to run the Delphi Technique was gathered in three stages from experts and officers of the Welfare Organization of K. & B. Province. The quantitative data were analyzed using factor analysis. The results were indicative of the fact that educational level of the family members, traditional, ethnical and racial context and circumstances and the preparedness for the acceptance of the role of parenting are among the factors contributing to the psychosocial health of children. The attitudes of the peers, effective teachers in schools, and the tabooness of sexual training are the factors which have an important role in the psychosocial health of young adolescents. The move towards decreasing gender-related discriminations, and the feeling of the need for learning parenting styles were found to be the strengths and lack of required standards in child-care centers, lack of resiliency of the parents and lack of recognition of the needs of childhood in families were found to be the weaknesses of psychosocial health. In addition, increased awareness of the educational needs of young adolescents, religious beliefs of families, and positive attitudes towards receiving consultation were the strengths and lack of involvement of young adolescents in decision-making, lack of social skills and lack of acceptance of the mistakes made by young adolescents were the weaknesses of the psychosocial health of young adolescents. Moreover, the results showed that emotional self-awareness, risk-taking, and self-esteem are the indicators of psychosocial health in the intrapersonal component, involvement, social responsibility, and social relationships are the indicators of psychosocial health in the inter-personal component. Stress management, controlling impulses, flexibility and happiness were the other psychosocial health indicators in the Province of K. & B.

Reproductive health of puberty is very important in the cycle of Life. Adolescence is a very important period of time in cycle of life and it is followed by physical, psychological and social changes. Therefore the aim of this study was needs assessment of reproductive health for adolescence as a first and principal step in curriculum planning for health services.
Methods and materials: This study was qualitative like the most needs assessments and the method was content analysis. Data gathering was done by semi structured interview. We used two focus groups (7and 10persons) for needs assessment of reproductive health between girls, and personal interview with 10 boys. We did content analysis and then extracted the main themes and sub themes.
Adolescent girls had diverse needs in four groups: experiences related to menstruation and hygiene, social needs, sexual needs and psychological needs. Also adolescent boys had three groups of needs like physical changes, psychological and sexual needs. In physical needs group they had some needs like no knowledge of symptoms of adolescence, no knowledge of hygiene related to puberty. In psychological needs group they had some needs like feeling depression and in sexual needs group they had some needs like tendency to make contacts with girls, no knowledge of communication with people with different sex.
Education and the systematic planning in reproductive health matters are necessary for parents, teachers and adolescents, and they are known as the prior needs.

Bacground And Aim: increase of infidelity in social, had many consequences, that at least its consequence, is dispersion of families. Objective of this study is exploring of the process of forming of infidelity from perspective divorced mens.
researcher for this object used methodology of grounded theory. By using of purposeful sampling, participant of this research is composed of 16 divorced men's in gachcaran city.
result of this research extracted in frame of 3 main category "in adaptation sexual – emotional men whit women, social – cultural structure that preparing sexual dissatisfaction men and women, and incorrect wife selection" and 1 core category : meta coupling relation: latent
according to the narrative of the participants, their wife selection, or was in constraint circumstance or for instrumental using. In the most of their marriage, the men's had high age difference with their womens. so, at the start, they don’t love each other. Thus they don’t abolish their sexual – emotional needs of each other. For the reason of taboo of speaking about the quality of sexual relation in families, the women's couldnt express their real needs about the quality of satisfaction sexual relation with their husband. This circumstance prepared the dissatisfaction contextual in families. Women in this circumstance with the doing of meta couple relation with the latent expressed their apposed to the real circumstance in their families.