Bulletin of Iranian Mathematical Society
Volume:39 Issue: 2, 2013

The relations between the spectrum of the matrix $Q+R$ and the spectra of the matrices $(gamma + delta)Q+(alpha + beta)R-QR-RQ$, $QR-RQ$, $alpha beta R-QRQ$, $alpha RQR-(QR)^{2}$, and $beta R-QR$ have been given on condition that the matrix $Q+R$ is diagonalizable, where $Q$, $R$ are ${alpha, beta}$-quadratic matrix and ${gamma, delta}$-quadratic matrix, respectively, of order $n$. end{abstract}

In this paper, we derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for the quaternion matrix equation XA=B to have the least-square bisymmetric solution and give the expression of such solution when the solvability conditions are met. Futhermore, we consider the maximal and minimal inertias of the least-square bisymmetric solution to this equation. As applications, we derive sufficient and necessary conditions for XA=B to have the positive (nonnegative) definite least-square bisymmetric solution and the maximal (minimal) least-square bisymmetric solution.

We find the greatest values $alpha_{1} $ and $alpha_{2} $, and the least values $beta_{1} $ and $beta_{2} $ such that the inequalities $alpha_{1} C(a,b)+(1-alpha_{1})H(a,b)0$ with $aneq b$. Here, $C(a,b)$, $H(a,b)$, $L(a,b)$, and $I(a,b)$ are the centroidal, harmonic, logarithmic, and identric means of two positive numbers $a$ and $b$, respectively.

Keywords: Logarithmic mean, identric mean, centroidal mean, harmonic mean

‎‎For a finite group $G$ and a subgroup $H$ of $G$‎, ‎the relative commutativity degree of $H$ in $G$‎, ‎denoted by $d(H,G)$‎, ‎is the probability that an element of $H$ commutes with an element of $G$‎. ‎Let $mathcal{D}(G)={d(H,G):Hleq G}$ be the set of all relative commutativity degrees of subgroups of $G$‎. ‎It is shown that a finite group $G$ admits three relative commutativity degrees if and only if $G/Z(G)$ is a non-cyclic group of order $pq$‎, ‎where $p$ and $q$ are primes‎. ‎Moreover‎, ‎we determine all the relative commutativity degrees of some known groups‎.

Let R be a right GF-closed ring with finite left and right Gorenstein global dimension. We prove that if I is an ideal of R such that R/I is a semi-simple ring, then the Gorensntein flat dimensnion of R/I as a right R-module and the Gorensntein injective dimensnnion of R/I as a left R-module are identical. In particular, we show that for a simple module S over a commutative Gorensntein ring R, the Gorenstein flat dimension of S equals to the Gorenstein injective dimension of S.

Let $G$ be a finite group. We construct the prime graph of $ G $, which is denoted by $ Gamma(G) $ as follows: the vertex set of this graph is the prime divisors of $ |G| $ and two distinct vertices $ p $ and $ q $ are joined by an edge if and only if $ G $ contains an element of order $ pq $. In this paper, we determine finite groups $ G $ with $ Gamma(G) = Gamma(L_3(q)) $, $2 leq q < 100 $ and prove that if $ q neq 2, 3 $, then $L_3(q) $ is quasirecognizable by prime graph, i.e., if $G$ is a finite group with the same prime graph as the finite simple group $L_3(q)$, then $G$ has a unique non-Abelian composition factor isomorphic to $L_3(q)$. As a consequence of our results we prove that the simple group $L_{3}(4)$ is recognizable and the simple groups $L_{3}(7)$ and $L_{3}(9)$ are $2-$recognizable by the prime graph.

This paper presents conditions for the existence and multiplicity of positive solutions for a boundary value problem of a nonlinear fractional differential equation. We show that it has at least one or two positive solutions. The main tool is Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem on cone and fixed point index theory.

A module $M$ is called $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented if for every cofinite submodule $E$ (i.e. $M/E$ is finitely generated) of $M$ there exists a direct summand $D$ of $M$ such that $M = E + X$ holds if and only if $M = D + X$, for every submodule $X$ of $M$. In this paper we study factors, direct summands and direct sums of $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented modules. Let $M$ be an $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented module and let $N leq M$ be a submodule. Suppose that for every direct summand $K$ of $M$, $(N + K)/N$ lies above a direct summand of $M/N$. Then $M/N$ is $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented. Let $M$ be an $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented module. Let $N$ be a direct summand of $M$. Suppose that for every direct summand $K$ of $M$ with $M=N+K$, $Ncap K$ is also a direct summand of $M$. Then $N$ is $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented. Let $M = M_{1} oplus M_{2}$. If $M_{1}$ is radical $M_{2}$-projective (or $M_{2}$ is radical $M_{1}$-projective) and $M_{1}$ and $M_{2}$ are $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented, then $M$ is $emph{H}$-cofinitely supplemented.

In this paper, we introduce n-jordan homomorphisms and n-jordan *-homomorphisms and Also investigate the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of n-jordan *-homomorphisms on C*-algebras.

For a ring endomorphism $alpha$ and an $alpha$-derivation $delta$, we introduce a concept, so called skew $pi$-Armendariz ring, that is a generalization of both $pi$-Armendariz rings, and $(alpha,delta)$-compatible skew Armendariz rings. We first observe the basic properties of skew $pi$-Armendariz rings, and extend the class of skew $pi$-Armendariz rings through various ring extensions. We next show that all $(alpha,delta)$-compatible $NI$ rings are skew $pi$-Armendariz, and if a ring $R$ is an $(alpha,delta)$-compatible $2$-$primal$ ring, then the polynomial ring $R[x]$ is skew $pi$-Armendariz.

In this paper, we prove a fi xed point theorem for a pair of generalized weakly contractive mappings in complete partial metric spaces. The theorems presented are generalizations of very recent fixed point theorems due to Abdeljawad, Karapinar and Tas. To emphasize the very general nature of these results, we illustrate an example.