نشریه انسان و محیط زیست
سال هفدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 51، زمستان 1398)

One of the important, substantial and significant issues in recent decades has been the issue of economic growth and the preservation of environmental quality in human societies. Although humanity has long been aware of the importance of the environment in its life, the last decades of the twentieth century should be regarded as the culmination for the environmental issues. In this study, the relationship between air pollution and economic growth for 12 Asian countries during the period 1990 to 2015, with an emphasis on the Kuznets environmental curve has been investigated using panel data. The Research results indicate that per capita GDP, annual growth of urban population and energy consumption of fossil fuels have a positive and significant effect on per capita carbon dioxide emissions, and also the squared per capita GDP has a negative and significant effect on per capita carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, according to the results of the research, Kuznets' environmental hypothesis is true in these countries.

In this research, the amount of soil contamination in Shokhoyeh industrial city of Qom province was determined to lead and zinc metals. Using random sampling method, samples of 10 stations in 5 km distance of Shomkhoyeyeh industrial city of Qom were prepared and lead and zinc concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Using ArcGIS, the lead-zinc zoning was determined. The mean concentration of lead and zinc in the soil between the stations that were sampled in the study area was 13.03 and 811.0 mg/kg, respectively. The results showed that, at station 1, the mean concentration of zinc is 60.1 and lead is 98 mg / kg and more than standard, except for station 1, lead and zinc levels at other stations were lower than the standard.  The reason for this phenomenon can be near the main road (Qom-Tehran). According to the distribution map of lead concentration in surface soil, the highest concentration of lead in the study area is in the range of 1.50 to 100 mg / kg. In the southwest industrial town and bypassing this section, surface contamination decreases with lead. The highest zinc concentration in the studied area was in the range of 7.00 - 9 mg/kg. In the southwest of Shokoieh industrial city of Qom and Bypassing this section, soil contamination decreases with zinc.

The present study aim to investigate the effects of environmental commitment to green innovation and sustainable performance with the moderating role of environmental Training in Mahshahr petrochemical companies. 

This study, in terms of the purpose is application and terms of data collection is descriptive-survey. in this study to evaluate the environmental commitment of questionnaire of Liu et al. (2014), to measure green innovation of questionnaire of Chang (2012), for measuring sustainable performance of questionnaire of Mohamad et al. (2013) and to measure environmental training a questionnaire was made by researcher . The population consisted of 300 of managers Petrochemical Companies of Mahshahr. According to Morgan table were selected 169 manager as samples and questionnaires were distributed among them by simple random sampling method. In order to data analysis and hypothesis testing used structural equation modelling, PLS, and SPSS. 

After analyzing the data, the results revealed that environmental commitment has a positive significant impact on green innovation, but it’s on sustainable performance not significant. Also green innovation a positive significant impact on sustainable performance. Also Environmental training is not moderating role in research.

Important heavy metals such as lead are part of the pollutants produced by vehicles and the traffic flow causes them to be released into the urban environment. In order to study the pollution rate of street margin trees and determining the traffic parameter affecting the amount of lead in plane tree of Rasht city, a case study was selected in this city from four stations on the outskirts of the city for traffic and low traffic. Traffic factors including three superficial stations based on traffic volume per day and per month and a low traffic station. The method was used to determine that 60 species of plane tree at 30 meters intervals were randomly selected from the total tree crown area to determine the amount of adsorption of heavy lead metal which was selected from each sample with amount of 10 grams to test the absorbed lead content.The results of this study showed that lead absorption by plane tree species in three stations and control station, Takhti St. Station had the highest amount of lead (29.53 ppm) than the other three stations. Therefore, the plane tree species can be a suitable type for the margin of streets in the urban area. The results of this research can be used in transportation management and urban traffic control and urban design and urban design and planting.

Tourism is the sum of the phenomena and interactions resulting from the interaction between tourists, capital, governments and host communities, universities and non-governmental organizations, in the process of attracting, transporting, accommodating and controlling tourists and other visitors. Over the past 6 decades, the tourism industry has experienced continuous development and diversification, which has become one of the largest and fastest growing sectors of economic growth in the world. Turkey was ranked sixth in the world in tourism in 2011, so the number of Russian tourists entering Turkey was more than 3 million in 2011 alone, despite our potential for attracting tourists. It has yet to achieve its true status at the regional or even global level. Antalya Free Beaches (Turkey) attracted about 9 million tourists in 2011, while Qeshm, despite all its strengths in the field of tourism, failed to attract tourists.
The purpose of this study was to compare analytical analysis of Qeshm and Antalya in order to present tourism development strategies. The research method is descriptive-analytical and reliant on SOWT model and library and documentary studies and field and authoritative field and journals.

In recent years, location studies have emerged as one of the key elements in the success and survival of industrial units. Facility location studies have received much attention both nationally and internationally. Understanding the goals and methods of resolving problems is very important. Locating is one of the engineering sciences of industry which focuses on reducing costs and success of industrial units. Locating centers (locating buildings and centers) consider choosing a location for one or more centers, taking into account other centers and constraints, in order to optimize a specific purpose. This can be the cost of shipping, providing fair service to customers, capturing the largest market, and so on. Location studies require specializations, including: research in operations, decision making methods, geography (geology and weather), engineering economics, computer science, mathematics, marketing, city design, and more. The main issue in this article is to find all the appropriate areas for a light manufacturing plant in a small area in Kazerun. Therefore, after considering the constraints with the buffering tool, overlay appropriate areas were created for the purpose. From the 9221000/74 hectare area, we obtained the 0700000/11 hectare.

Planning and policymaking in the field of economic, social, and environmental development of the province requires having accurate information about the region. Land cover in Mazandaran province is changing rapidly due to high population densities, high rates of immigrants, favorable natural conditions, multiplicity of industrial units, coastal borders and huge construction trends in the recent saline. It is clear that the balanced and imbalanced development of geographic spaces requires careful and comprehensive examination of economic, social, and cultural issues, and a better understanding of the needs of the community and their improvement. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the predisposing and effective factors on natural resources and ecosystems of Mazandaran province. This research is a descriptive-analytic study based on library studies and comprehensive review and search of electronic databases in order to fully identify Mazandaran province in terms of economic, social, cultural and environmental aspects, and then assess the status of the province based on the analytical framework of the DPSIR model. The results of the study indicate an increase in the area of residential, agricultural, rangeland, road, transportation and fall in the forests of the province. This study was also used to increase population density, agricultural development, roads development, industrial development, urban development and propellants forces. The results of the study showed that the DPSIR model can classify diverse information about the province's conditions in order to provide this information to policymakers for possible responses, and this is why the method has been rapidly increasing in recent decades by researchers and policymakers in use.

Population growth and development of the cities and the rising cost of land and irregular utilization of the land cause the good agricultural land Always consider by jobber and the change of use and shrinking the globe, remove them from the production cycle and cause severe damage to agricultural production. So the protection of agricultural lands, not only to support agricultural economics, but also to support the economy, it is imperative given the importance of agricultural lands, Parliament with proper understanding of the risks of changes in agricultural land use, in 1374 passed a law under the title:  maintain agricultural lands and gardens, the law was later revised and amended. In this study, we try to critique and analysis of the law, answered to important questions what strategies and legal and effective legal in confronting unauthorized users by changing farm and orchard there.