فهرست مطالب

Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences - Volume:22 Issue: 1, 2018

Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Volume:22 Issue: 1, 2018

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1378/09/26
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Bahador Qanbari Zadeh, Fatemeh Hadadian, Nader Salari, Sorush Maazinezhad, Behnam Khaledi Paveh * Page 1
    Background
    Sleep problems are one of the most common health problems in people with shift jobs. Due to being awake during night, nurses face with sleep problems, resulting in impaired cognitive functioning and professional mistakes. One of the common treatments in complementary medicine is transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of TEAS on the sleep quality in nurses working shift in Kermanshah hospitals.
    Methods
    This study was a single-blind clinical trial conducted in Kermanshah city in 2015. The research population included 36 shift nurses working in Kermanshah hospitals. Nurse’s sleep quality was evaluated by pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire. We used “electrical stimulating acupuncture point’s machine”. The excitatory points included SP6, LI4 and HT7.
    Results
    The results showed that there was no significant difference between Pittsburgh sleep quality index in three groups before the intervention (P > 0.05). After the intervention, the sleep quality index was significantly increased in the real points group and sham points (P
    Conclusions
    The results of this study showed that electrical stimulation of acupuncture points can be effective in improving the overall index of sleep quality of shift work nurses. It is recommended that objective tools be used to study the effects of this method more precisely.
    Keywords: Sleep Quality, Acupuncture, Transcutaneus Electrical Acupoint Stimulation (TEAS), Clinical Trials
  • Seyedeh Behnaz Hosseini, Pegah A.M. Seidi * Page 2
    Background
    The so-called “Islamic State” slaughtered theYazidis in 2014 on Sinjar, when it was marked by utmost violence including genocidal acts against the Yazidis population. This study aims to investigate the resulting psychological problems in Yazidis children and adolescents.
    Methods
    The present study was a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in 2016 - 2017. The population comprised of displaced Yazidi children (8 - 15 years old) in Khanak Camp of Dohuk. The sample included 100 children, from which 51participants were omitted due to their reluctance or to incomplete checklists. Finally, 49 subjects (30 females and 19 males) participated in the study. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire and youth pediatric syndromes checklist-17. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS-22.
    Results
    The results indicated that 65.3% of participants scored above the cut-off (15). Then, more than half of participants suffered from psychological problems. Since the PSY checklist is composed of three subscales, each subscale was also an analysis. Females scored higher than males in total scores, as well as in all subscales. Boys only scored higher in externalizing. The mean score also increased with age in all subscales. The result of analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that, on the internalization scale which deals with the probability of anxiety and depression, the females were more vulnerable. Also, probability of psychological problems in ages 8–10 was less than for other participants.
    Conclusions
    In line with previous studies, this study showed that psychological problems are common in displaced Yazidi children. In addition, with the prevalence of psychological problems there was a relationship between gender and age.
    Keywords: War, Violence, Psychological Problems, YPSC, 17, Yazidis
  • Mahnoosh Fatemi, Fereshte Ghandehari *, Somaye Bahrami, Nahid Tajedin Page 3
    Background
    Antimicrobial peptides belong to a large family of bioactive peptides that play an important role in human health. Lactoferrin of transferrin family is considered to be a glycoprotein. Human lactoferrin has a length of 689 - 711 amino acid polypeptides. Lactoferrin plays a role in various biological activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activity, and also as an immune system regulator.
    Objectives
    In this study, we examined the toxic effects of human lactoferrin-derived peptides on breast cancer cells in vitro using the web server Anticp. The results obtained from the Anticp web server showed that four peptides (P39, P40, P24, P66), out of the 70 peptides, had anticancer activity, and 66 peptides had non-anticancer activity.
    Methods
    The cytotoxicity of two peptides with high cytotoxic activity (P39, P40) and a peptide with low cytotoxic activity (P38) on breast cancer cells (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231) was examined using the MTT assay. The CC50 values of the peptides (P39, P40) were 100 μg/mL for MCF-7 cells and 950 and 1000 μg/mL for MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively.
    Results
    The results showed that the activity of the cytotoxic peptides P39 and P40 was significantly higher than that of P38 on the breast cancer cells (P ≤ 0.001). Cancer cells treated with CC50 concentrations showed a percentage of the cells detached from the flask and surrounding cells as well as shrinkage and deformation on the surface. Also, apoptotic seeds inside the cells were observed with 40X magnification.
    Conclusions
    These finding demonstrated that P39 and P40 peptides could be appropriate candidates for in vivo testing as cytotoxic agents.
    Keywords: Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides, Lactoferrin, Breast Neoplasms
  • Maryam Babaei *, Lida Moghaddam Banaem Page 4
    Background
    Considering that gestational hypertension may have severe effects on the mother and fetus, this study was conducted to examine the nutritional status of pregnant women and urine calcium-to-creatinine ratio during 24th - 28th weeks of pregnancy and their relationship with the incidence of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy.
    Methods
    This prospective longitudinal study recruited 538 pregnant women attending prenatal clinics in Tehran, Iran in 2011. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was completed for all mothers at the baseline for nutritional intake assessment, and a random urine sample was taken between 24th - 28th weeks of pregnancy to calculate the Ca/Cr-ratio. Hypertensive disorders were classified into two groups: a, gestational hypertension in case of detecting a blood pressure ≥ 140/90; and b, preeclampsia in case of increased proteinuria. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.16 and N4 software programs.
    Results
    In this study, 14 (6.2%) pregnant women had hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. The desired nutritional status and Ca/Cr-ratio had no significant relationship with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy. The regression test was used to investigate the variables affecting hypertensive disorders, which showed the significant relationship of pre-pregnancy BMI and mother’s age with hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (P ≤ 0.05).
    Conclusions
    In this study, the incidence of hypertensive disorders had no relationship with the Ca/Cr-ratio and the nutritional status of the pregnant women. However, since more than 80% of the participants had undesirable nutrition, mothers’ nutrition in the first half of pregnancy is necessary to be under observed.
    Keywords: Nutritional Status, Hypertensive Disorders During Pregnancy, Urine Calcium, Creatinine Ratio
  • Malek Azimi, Moslem Neyriz Naghadehi, Fayegh Moulodi *, Seyyed Mehdi Razavi Rohani, Mohammad Alizade Khaledabad Page 5
    Background
    Food products and in particular meat are regarded as one of the main sources of Salmonella genus bacteria; accordingly, researcher's attention has recently been drawn to the use of natural preservatives to increase shelf-life and eliminate food-related diseases. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Satureja hortensis L. (Summer savory plant) essential oil on the growth of Salmonella typhimorium in poultry meat.
    Methods
    In the present study, the effects of different concentrations of Summer savory essential oil (0, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 400 ppm, and 800 ppm) alone and with 1% sodium chloride on the growth and survival of Salmonella typhimorium in refrigerated minced poultry meat were assessed on days zero, three, five and seven.
    Results
    Summer savory essential oil significantly reduced Salmonella count compared to control group (P 0.05).
    Conclusions
    The results showed that Summer savory essential oil has antimicrobial properties, and it can be used as a natural preservative for increasing shelf-life of meat and meat products.
    Keywords: Summer Savory Essential Oil, Minced Poultry Meat, Refrigerated Conditions, Salmonella typhimorium
  • Masoumeh Heshmati *, Sajedeh Hajibabae, Nooshin Barikrow Page 6
    Background
    Graphene and graphene-related materials are broadly applied for biomedical purposes due to their unique properties. However, little information is available on their toxicity and biocompability, thus it is necessary to assess their safety. We investigated the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of graphene oxide nanosheets (GOs) on HT29 cells.
    Methods
    GOs were synthesized by oxidation of natural graphite flakes according to the modified Hummers method. GOs were characterized using IR spectroscopy and TEM. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of GOs on HT29 cells were evaluated in the range of 10 - 250 µg/mL after 24, 48 and 72 hours of treatment using MTT assay and in the range of 10 - 50 µg/mL after 48h by micronucleous assay.
    Results
    The results of IR indicate that the graphite is successfully oxidized. The GOs were found to be 3 - 6 µm in length and ≤ 1 nm in diameter by TEM. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in different doses were calculated at 50 µg/mLby trypan blue dye exclusion assay. The results of MN assay showed a significant increase in DNA damage and MN formation in GOs treated samples as compared with the control sample (P
    Conclusions
    Concentration, shape, time and physicochemical properties GOs like size, shape, agglomeration rate and surface chemistry play important roles in inducing cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of treated cells.
    Keywords: Graphene Oxide Nanosheet, Genotoxicity, Cytotoxicity
  • Soheil Sobhanardakani * Page 7
    Background
    Dust pollution can cause serious ecological problems. Therefore, the current study aimed to carry out the ecological risk assessment of heavy metals (Co, Cr, and Mn) in the atmospheric dry deposition in Hamedan city, Iran.
    Methods
    In the current study, 36 samples of atmospheric dry deposition were collected from three regions of Hamedan city from September to October 2014. After sample digestion in the laboratory, the content of the metals was determined using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS statistical package.
    Results
    The results showed that the average contents (mg kg-1) of Co, Cr, and Mn in the studied samples were 0.23 ± 0.06, 0.89 ± 0.20, and 8.10 ± 0.70, respectively. The results of the potential ecological risk analysis of heavy metal pollution in the atmospheric dry deposition in Hamedan city demonstrated that the risk index (RI) of stations A, B, and C with an average of 0.13 is at low ecological risk levels.
    Conclusions
    In present study the potential ecological risk of Co, Cr, and Mn was at low levels. Also, the results showed that the Co and Mn contents in the atmospheric dry deposition collected from the stations with heavy traffic intensity were significantly higher than that in the other stations. Therefore, control of the anthropogenic sources that cause discharge of hazardous compounds, particularly toxic heavy metals, into the atmosphere is recommended.
    Keywords: Atmospheric Dry Deposition, Heavy Metals, Ecological Risk Assessment, Hamedan City