فهرست مطالب

Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran - Volume:27 Issue: 1, Winter 2016

Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
Volume:27 Issue: 1, Winter 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1394/11/16
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • S. Akbarirad, J. Darvish*, M. Aliabadian Pages 5-21
    Calomyscus elburzensis Goodwin, 1938, was previously known from central and northern Iran to southern and southwestern Turkmenistan and northwestern Afghanistan. Its type locality is at altitude of 1200m elevation in the Kurkhud Mts., North Khorasan province in northeastern Iran. This study provides new evidence that its range is more extensive than thought previously and central Iranian Mountains, Shirkuh (Yazd province)and Karkas Mts. in Isfahan and Zanjan provinces in the northwest were recognized as its distribution areas. Two major clades were detected within C. elburzensis from the analysis of two mitochondrial genes Cytb and CoI. The outline on m2 and karyotypes analyses also supported these two molecular clades; one northeast with 2n=44 and FNa=58, 60 and 62 and the other west and northwest of central Iranian desert with 2n=44 and Fna=70.The Statistical Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis (S-DIVA) suggested dispersal events from north east to the center of Iran occurred in two separate occasions. As 2.5% was the rather low level of sequence divergence between these two major clades, we assigned the central-northwestern brush-tailed mice as a subspecies of C. elburzensis and therefore we named as C. e. isatissus ssp. novo.
    Keywords: Goodwin's brush, tailed mouse, C. e. isatissus ssp. novo, mtDNA, Shirkuh
  • M. Yari, A. Movafagh, A. Sayad Omrani*, M. A. Broumand, K. Majidzadeha., R. Mirfakhraie, A. Khoshdel, K. Amini Pages 23-29
    Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have identified genetic variants contributing to the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at the chromosome 9p21 locus. The chromosome 9p21 is an important susceptibility locus for several multifactorial diseases like ischemic stroke, aortic aneurysm, type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease (CAD). F7 gene because of its role in activating the extrinsic pathway by the exposure of tissue factor after plaque disruption is related to atherothrombosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate methylation status of two CAD related genes, p15INK4b and F7, in Iranian patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Thirty samples from 15 male and 15 female with diagnosed 3 vessels disease CAD and 60 Samples from 60 non-CAD controls who underwent coronary angiography was analyzed by MSP and direct sequencing. DNA methylation levels at p15INK4b gene increased significantly in CAD patients in comparison with control group (p-value<0.001). To quantitative analysis of methylation, direct bisulfite sequencing method revealed 6 methylated CpGs islands. No significant difference in F7 promoter methylation was observed between CAD patients and control group. Based on the findings of this study it is possible to assume, p15INK4b methylation is associated with pathophysiology of CAD.
    Keywords: Coronary artery disease (CAD), Chromosome 9p21, p15INK4b gene, F7 gene, Epigenetics
  • F. Farzaneh*, L. Hamidipour Pages 31-37
    Manganese metal-organic framework (Mn-MOF) containing Mn2+ ions, benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC) and N,N-dimethylformamid (DMF) was prepared and used as catalyst for oxidation of alkenes such as 1,1-diphenylethylene, trans-stilbene, cyclohexene, norbornene, styrene and cyclooctene to epoxides with 33-92% conversion and 75-100% selectivity and oxidation of alkanes such as fluorene, adamantane, ethylbenzene and diphenylmethane to alcohols or ketones with tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) with 19-64% conversion and 80-100% selectivity. Study of the catalyst stability and reusability revealed that Mn-MOF behaves heterogeneously in the oxidation reactions.
    Keywords: Mn metal organic framework, Heterogeneous catalysis, Oxidation reactions, Akanes, Alkenes
  • M. Fereidoonnezhad, Z. Faghih, A. Mojaddami, S. M. H. Tabaei, Z. Rezaei* Pages 39-49
    Dichloroacetate (DCA) as a small, cheap and available anticancer agent, is a pyruvate mimetic compound that stimulates the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) enzyme through inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDHK1-4). DCA turns on programed cell death (apoptosis) which suppressed in tumor cells and therefore inhibits tumor growth. DCA also interferes with the glucose uses of cancer cell, ravenous the cell of energy, but it does not starve normal cells of glucose. In the present study, using a novel synthetic method, we synthesized a series of N-phenyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide derivatives and evaluated their cytotoxic activities against various human cancer cell lines including NCI-H460 (lung cancer), HCA-7 (colon cancer) and MCF-7 (breast cancer). Toxicity risk factors of each compound were calculated. Docking studies were also done to find their binding site to PDHK receptor. The result showed that all synthesized compounds had an acceptable anti-cancer activity. Among them, the best compound was 2,2-dichloro-N-(3-((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl) phenyl) acetamide (25) which had an IC50 of 6.5 μM against NCI-H460 cells, 10.5 μM against HCA-7 cells and 9.4 μM against MCF-7 cells. Toxicity risk factors studies have also implied that this compound is the best one in this series. Therefore, compound 25 might have a potential value for further study in drug development.
    Keywords: Dichloroacetate, N, phenyl, 2, 2, dichloroacetamide, Cytotoxic activity, Docking, Toxicity risk factors
  • S. Rezayati*, M. Mehmannavaz, E. Salehi, Sh. Haghi, R. Hajinasiri, S. Afshari Sharif Abad Pages 51-63
    Phospho sulfonic acid (PSA) synthesized as an environmentally safe and efficient solid acid catalyst, and it used for the synthesis of several 2-disubstituted benzimidazoles, 2-substituted benzoxazoles, and 2-substituted quinoxalines in ethanol as a green solvent at ambient temperature is described. (i) A very simple, green and efficient procedure for the synthesis of benzimidazole and also benzoxazole derivatives comprising the reaction of corresponding ortho-phenylenediamine or ortho-aminophenol with various aromatic aldehydes in absolute ethanol at ambient temperature is described. (ii) The direct condensation of various 1,2-diamines and carbonyl compounds in absolute ethanol at ambient temperature has been described to the synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives as biologically interesting compounds. Additionally, PSA is reused repeatedly for six reaction cycles without any evidence loss of activity. This green procedure offers significant advantages in terms of its simplicity, reusable strategy for the efficient synthesis of benzimidazole derivatives, the elimination of corrosive liquid acids, short reaction time, high product yields, and simple preparation of the catalyst.
    Keywords: Benzimidazoles, Benzoxazoles, Quinoxalines, Phospho sulfonic acid, Brø, nsted acid
  • K. Khoshnoodi*, M. Yazdi, M. Behzadi, M. Gannadi, Maragheh Pages 65-77
    The study area is located in the central Iranian tectono-magmatic zone, which is known for its world-class IOA-type Iron ore deposits. The Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) image-processing techniques, were used in satellite imagery through conventional and also modern processing methods including band ratios, color composite ratio images and spectral angle mapper to study the spectral discrimination of metasomatically altered rocks based on their mineral assemblages and to investigate critically the link between the distribution of Na-metasomatism and occurrence of REE mineralization through plotting the image processing results on preexisting airborne radiometric data. The achieved information points the matter that the distribution of the metasomatized rocks, in common, and Na-metasomatized rocks, in particular, are coincide with the areas with high radioactivity revealed during an airborne radiometry program. A stage of field study associated with ground spectrometry survey carried out to control some localities and showed such correlation mainly around and within some magnetite ore deposits through which two phases of albitization were revealed, namely, a widespread albitization phase within which the spectrometric survey showed normal amounts of radioactive elements and another phase that affected smaller areas and showed REE anomaly and the Na-metasomatites of which are, experimentally, more reddish in colure (meaty color in hand specimens). The Iron deposits are, chronologically, hosted in upper Proterozoic-lower Cambrian volcano-magmatic units associated with a widespread phase of Na-metasomatism, economically, resulted in enrichment of the host rocks in REE bearing mineral phases.
    Keywords: ASTER, ETM+ data, Na, metasomatism, REE mineralization, central Iran
  • E. Hesameddini*, A. Rahimi Pages 79-86
    Fractional calculus has been used to model the physical and engineering processes that have found to be best described by fractional differential equations. For that reason, we need a reliable and efficient technique for the solution of fractional differential equations. The aim of this paper is to present an analytical approximation solution for linear and nonlinear multi-order fractional differential equations (FDEs). The fractional derivatives are described in the Caputo sense. In this work, the Reconstruction of Variational Iteration Method (RVIM) technique has been successfully used to solve two types of multi-order fractional differential equations, linear and nonlinear. For this purpose, we convert FDE in to a counterpart system and then using proposed method to solve the result system. Advantage of the RVIM, is simplicity of the computations and convergent successive approximations without any restrictive assumptions. Illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the presented technique.
    Keywords: Multi, order fractional differential equations, Reconstruction of Variational Iteration Method, Caputo fractional derivative