مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 6 (پیاپی 171، شهریور 1397)

Salmonellosis is a gastroenteritis caused by the infection with different serotypes of Salmonella. Salmonella enterica is an enterica subtype, enteritidis, typhimurium, and infantis are the most important factors of gastroenteritis in humans. In recent years, increasingly commonly used antibiotics and treatments are resistant. The main purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial effects of lytic bacteriophage Cocktail and ciprofloxacin on Salmonella enterica strains in laboratory conditions. Standard strains of salmonella (enteritidis, typhimurium, and infantis) were collected from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, and their specific bacteriophages were isolated by soft agar method. Specificity of bacteriophages was investigated for strains of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae and Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) bacteria using spot test. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined using E-Test method. In order to obtain an appropriate headline for evaluating the therapeutic results, different concentrations of bacteriophage with bacteria were evaluated. Finally, the preventive and therapeutic effect was evaluated in comparison with ciprofloxacin. Different concentrations of bacteriophages have the ability to reduce and eliminate strains of salmonella (enteritidis, typhimurium, and infantis). Bacteriophage specific plaque against other strains of Salmonella and other intestinal pathogenic bacteria did not have any lytic function. The results showed that bacteriophages function as specified. Due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and treatment concerns, bacteriophages can be a good alternative to the use of antibiotics in the treatment of bacterial infections

Primary dysmenorrhea is characterized by cramping lower abdominal which happens just before and/ or during menstruation and has a negative impact on women's quality of life. The aim of this investigation was comparison of the effectiveness of walking assotiated with stretching exercises and cinnamon intake on the primary dysmenorrhea. In this semi-experimental study 59 sedentary females with moderate or sever primary dysmenorrhea were selected via purposeful and available sampling method, were randomly divided into control, exercise, cinnamon and exercise-cinnamon groups. Exercise training program comprised 6 stretching exercise (30-45 min per day) and walking training (25-45 min per day), and 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. Cinnamon (capsule containing 500 mg Cinnamon) used 3 times per day with beginning the pain and during first 72 h of menstrual, respectively. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and Cox Menstrual Scale (COX) were used for measuring the severity and duration of pain during menstruation. Repeated measures of ANOVA and one-way ANOVA used to analyze data. All the three interventions were associated with significantly decrease in the severity and duration of pain dysmenorrhea after 4 and/ or 8 weeks. There was no statistically significant difference between these the effectiveness of the interventions on the severity and duration of pain. But the effect of 8 weeks one of these interventions on pain severity and combined intervention on pain duration was only greater in comparison to the 4 weeks. Each of the non-medicinal interventions of either walking associated with regular stretching exercises and cinnamon intake or their combination is likely to reduce the severity and duration of pain during menstruation in sedentary females. Thus, these interventions can be regarded as safe and effective treatments for primary dysmenorrhea

Regarding wide range of saffron applications in traditional medicine and its proved effects on male sex hormones and also the importance of muscle contraction in stimulating the secretion of sex hormones, the aim of this study was to study the interactive impact of saffron supplement and resistance training on sex hormones levels (testosterone, LH and FSH) in young adults.

In the form of semi-experimental design, 30 young men were selected as samples and randomly assigned to two resistance training groups: one with mere resistance training (n= 15) and the other with both resistance training and saffron supplements (n= 15) groups. These two groups carried out a resistance training protocols of 60 to 70% 1 RM. In this manner, the latter participants were consuming 150 mg pure saffron tablets per day, in the same period. Bloodletting was performed, before and after six weeks, to assess variables. Thereafter, the research findings were analyzed using independent t-test at a significance level of 0.05.

Data analysis showed that training and training with saffron supplements has significantly increased levels of testosterone, LH and FSH (p≤0.05). Also, significant difference in levels of testosterone, LH and FSH between mere resistance training and resistance training with saffron supplement groups was observed (p≤0.05).

Generally, it could be concluded that synergistic effect of saffron supplements and resistance training would further increase the sex hormones in young men.

Iron supplementation is a necessary component of programs to control iron deficiency anemia because in many populations, the amount of iron absorbed from the diet is not sufficient to meet many individuals’ requirements and it can lead to increased prevalence of iron deficiency among adolescents that are one of high risk groups. This study aimed to determine the effect of preventive educational intervention for promoting iron supplement use in high school female’s students. In this quasi-experimental study, 140 high school girl students from Mashhad participated during 2016-2017 (test group n=70 and control group n=70). The research tools included one questionnaire of demographic information, knowledge and the HBM constructs regarding iron consumption. After collecting pre-test data, the educational intervention was implemented for adolescent girls in the test group & the post-tests were carried out immediately and three months after the intervention ended. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests through SPSS software v.19. Before the study, both groups had not any significant difference in all variables and constructs (p>0.05). After intervention a significant difference was reported between the test and control group concerning knowledge (p=0.01), perceived barrier (p=0.002), perceived benefit (p=0.03), self-efficacy (p=0.01) and iron consumption (p=0.005). Health education programs which are based on health belief model can be effective in promoting health awareness, and cognitive perceptions and behavior high school girl students

 

Previous studies have shown that high adherence to Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) reduces the risk of the diseases. However, there is no study related to AHEI-2010 with the metabolic syndrome in the elderly population. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) with the metabolic syndrome in the elderly population.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 226 elderly residents in Tehran, with a mean age of 67.04 (60-83). Food frequency questionnaire includes 147 food items were collected by qualified and trained experts. Then the score of AHEI-2010 was calculated based on the 11-item food intake and after anthropometric and biochemical measurements the metabolic syndrome was defined by the National Cholesterol Education (NCEP-ATP III).

Higher adherence to AHEI-2010 showed a significant relationship with the metabolic syndrome in the elderly people (p=0.031). This relationship still remained significant after adjustment for age, total energy intake, sex, physical activity level, income, marital status and education level also individuals in the highest tertile of AHEI-2010 had respectively 56 and 59 percent lower chance of developing metabolic syndrome and hyperglycemia.

The present study showed that high adherence to the AHEI-2010 had inverse relationship with the metabolic syndrome among the elderly people of Tehran

Breast and endometrial cancers are the most common types of cancer among Iranian women which have high rates of incidence and survive. Due to the importance of personality variables, the aim of the present study is to investigate the personality subtypes of women with advanced breast and endometrial cancers and breast and endometrial cancers survivors. This is a qualitative study with 18 participants divided into 8 advanced breast and endometrial cancer patients, and 10 breast and endometrial cancer survivors referred to medical centers in Tehran from April to September 2017. They were selected via purposive sampling. For data collection, Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP) was used. To analyze the data, SWAP software was used and generated tables and scores were analyzed. The findings of this study showed that high functioning depression and dissociation were high in both groups. Individuals with advanced cancer also showed subthreshold dependent personality disorder. Survived cancer patients had higher psychological health. According to the results, there were significant differences and similarities between the two groups in personality variable. Therefore, the use of emotion based psychotherapies for cancer patients would be appropriate as it would result in a healthy emothinal experience and the reduction of ineffective defenses

  Systematic scleroderma is a chronic autoimmune, complex and progressive disease that has many physical, psychological and social consequences. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of integrated psychotherapy with the orientation of four common factors on reducing image body anxiety as well as its two sub-scales (the dissatisfaction and embarrassment of the person from their appearance and the interference of appearance anxiety in the social function of the individual) in women with Scleroderma. The research was a semi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design in both experimental and control groups, and follow-up after 3 months of intervention. The statistical population included women with scleroderma referred to Shariati Hospital of Tehran and Iran's Rheumatism Center in 2017. Of these, 30 patients were selected as available samples and randomly were placed in two control and treatment (experiment) groups. The research tool was the Littleton's Body Image Questionnaire (2005). Data were analyzed by SPSS24 software and repeated measures analysis of variance after completing the questionnaires. Integrated psychotherapy with four common factors guidance reduced image body anxiety and its two sub-scales in women with systemic sclerosis, and this effect was lasting after three months. Throught this therapeutic approach, we can help to reduce the concern of the body image in patients with scleroderma

Food craving is a strong temptation and motivation to eat foods. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive method of stimulating or inhibiting specific areas in the cortex of brain. In this study we investigated the efficacy of tDCS on patients with food craving. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients with food craving. The intervention group (15 patients) received 2mA direct electrical stimulation for 20 minutes. The control group (15 patients) only received sham tDCS. The patients were assessed using standardized Food Craving Questioner (FCQ-S, FCQ-T). There was no significant difference in the mean FCQ-T and FCQ-S scores between the two study groups. After the study, the mean FCQ-T score was significantly lower in the intervention group as compared to the control group. Similarly, the mean FCQ-S score in the intervention group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. Based on the findings of this study, tDCS showed to be efficient in controlling food craving

The serum levels of various hormones change in patients with chronic renal failure. The aim of this study was to compare the serum levels of hormones and various biochemical parameters before and after hemodialysis.

This study included 111 patients with chronic renal disorder and was conducted in Gorgan's 5 Azar hospital. Blood samples were collected from all patients before and immediately after dialysis to measure T3, T4, FT3, T3UP, TSH, FT4, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, BUN, uric acid and fasting blood sugar.

The results showed that the levels of FT3, FT4 and T3 were significantly increased after hemodialysis; the levels of creatinine, BUN and uric acid were decreased; but the levels of Cholesterol, triglycerides and FBS were shown a significant increase in blood.

Dialysis can improve and augment the levels of thyroid hormones in patients with renal failure. On the other hand, hemodialysis leads to rise total cholesterol and triglycerides and as a result can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.

Approximately 80% of cervical cancers occur in developing countries. This cancer in the United States is the eighth most common cancer in women, mean age at diagnosis is 48 years. Cervical cancer does not have symptoms in the early stages and when cervical cell changes that lead to cancer progresses, symptoms may appear. Almost all invasive carcinomas of the cervix have an earlier stage in which abnormal cells are confined to the epithelium. This intra-epithelial lesions associated with cytologic features of invasive stage such as large size , hyperchromasia and irregular nuclei, increased mitotic activity, and change in the maturity scheme, show there is a spectrum of morphologic abnormalities in between lesions that if left untreated, may progress to invasive carcinoma of the cervix . Depth of invasion has an impact on prognosis and staging of the disease and affects the treatment too . CIN Ш differentiation from invasive cervical SCC is very important because both prognosis and choice of treatment are different. After obtaining permission from the appropriate authorities of the Department of Pathology of Mirza kochak khan and Firouzgar hospitals, lists of patients with a diagnosis of CIN Ш, Uterine Cervical SCC and normal cervix were extracted from the archives., Paraffin blocks are then separated and H & E stained slides were prepared then appropriate blocks for IHC staining were chosen . The blocks were cut 4 micrometers in thickness and were stained for CD34 antigen . The Results were interpreted and scored by a expert pathologist. In the end, the results were Analysed with spss 17 software. In this study The cervical tissue sample of 65 patients: 20 women with normal cervix (mean age 48 years), 20 patients with the CIN III (mean age 43.5) and 25 patients with SCC (mean age 54 years) with a mean age of 48.9 3/19 ± 48.9 years (minimum 21 and maximum 82 years) were studied. The results obtained showed 100% of slides-related (20 cases) with normal’s condition, 100% (20 cases) of patients with the pathological’s condition CINIII and 52 percent (13 cases ) of patients with SCC were positive for presence of CD34 + fibrocytes in cervical stroma. Considering the obtained results due to the reduction of 48% in the incidence of Positivity of CD34 marker in invasive carcinoma (SCC) stroma compared with normal cervix and CIN III and considering the significance of the relationship between the loss of CD34 antigen and pathological findings , the CD34 antigen can be used as a diagnostic test for the detection of changes related to invasive carcinoma in cervix samples. Keywords: high grade Intraepithelial neoplasia (CINIII) , Invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix(SCC), CD34 antigen , IHC staining

overview of the most important objectives pursued by governments and organizations, can be sustained productivity, innovation and quality of life noted. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational socialization and employee productivity was Lamerd city health centers. The study objective is applied, and the way the cross-correlation. The study population consisted of 2131 employees in 1394 is Lamard city health centers. In order to collect the data, Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Austin and colleagues (2004) with an overall reliability index of. /80 And Ralph Katz developed a questionnaire of organizational socialization and translations Moqimi (1998) reliability / 83. And inventory efficiency Smith et al (1998) with reliability of 89 /. Was used and the validity was confirmed by experts. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression coefficient was used. The correlation coefficient between emotional intelligence and organizational socialization and employee productivity Lamerd city health centers at a significance level (./002) And (./0001) Has been significant. As well as the amount F (13/11) in the (0001 /.) Meaningful and significant because an acceptable level of less than 05 /. Is, it can be concluded that the predictor variables (emotional intelligence and organizational socialization) can criterion (efficiency) to predict. between emotional intelligence and organizational socialization and employee productivity Lamerd city health centers there is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and organizational socialization can significantly predict productivity