مجله علوم پزشکی رازی
سال نوزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 95، اردیبهشت 1391)

The aim of this research is investigation of Cu/ Zn Superoxide Dismutase e nzyme of lymphocytic cell gene expression, total antioxidant status and oxidative stress changes following intensive exercise in young men athletes. This study was a semi-experimental research with a repeated measures design. 20 young men athletes (age range of 21-23 years) participated in this study after signing an informed consent form. Blood sample were collected in pre intensive exercise (grade: 5%, speed: 7/5 mile/h, time: 20 minutes) immediately and recovery (3 hours after exercise test), and Real time-polymerase chain reaction was used for evaluation of Cu/Zn SOD gene expression and autoanalyzer for other markers. H2O2 level and mRNA of Cu/Zn SOD were both increased, immediately and 3 hours after of exercise (p=0/012, p=0/014), (2.95 ± 0.84 and 3.37 ± 0.99) but this changes were not reported significant, but TAS levels areeffectively, raised only in recovery state (p=0/009) (0.86 ± 0.16). Intensive exercise increases oxidative stress markers and can weakens the immune system of men athletes, but they raisethe activity of antioxidant enzymes in response to threat of free radicals, so Cu/Zn SOD gene expression does not significantly increased.

TPO gene variations are one of the causes of thyroid autoimmune diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the T1936C, T2229C and A2257C SNPs) single nucleotide polymorphisms (of the TPO gene and Anti-TPO level. In this case-control study, 188 individuals (86 males and 102 females), aged 20-80 years, were randomly selected from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study population (TLGS). A2257C and T2229C SNPs were detected with RFLP by use of BsrI and Eco57I as restrictive enzymes respectively, while the T1936C SNP was determined with ARMS-PCR. In the presence of the C allele of T1936C, Anti-TPO level was significantly increased (CC: 238±43.3, CT: 47.7±15.9, TT: 74.1±11.3 IU/L; p 0.002); however, it disappeared after adjustment for sex and age (p 0.059). No significant difference, before and after adjustment, was found in Anti-TPO level in the presence of T2229C SNP (CC: 129.1±24.5, CT: 43.5±12.6, TT: 126.5±13.8 IU/L; p 0.196). The association of A2257C with Anti-TPO level was only significant after adjustment for sex and age (p 0.007),and between the ATC, CTT haplotypes and Anti-TPO level, the association was significant (p 0.023, 0.021); however, the association it was dominant between CTT and anti-TPO concentration was significant only after adjustment for sex (p 0.014). The result of this study, showed age and sex as potential confounders which could modify the association between TPO polymorphisms and Anti-TPO level in a Tehranian population.

Smoking hookah is recognized as a growing health problem in Iran and many countries in the world and its harmful outcomes on human health have attracted attention of medical community. This study aimed to determine the factors affecting on hookah smoking in male students who are living in dormitories of Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2011. This study was a descriptive analytical. The questionnaire was developed and its validity and reliability was assessed. Then, 162 male students living in dormitories at Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected in multi-stage sampling and questionnaires were filled out by them. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software and the Chi-Square and Independent sample T- tests. The results showed that 29% of subjects had history of smoking hookah. The main factors affecting the use of hookah from subjects point of view, were filling leisure time, cost-effectiveness, anxiety reduction, refreshment and easy access to the hookah. Designing multi-dimensional activities for filling leisure time of college students who living in dormitories (such as promote sports activities), teaching of problem-solving methods for reducing anxiety and fatigue and learning skills to say”NO” against request of friends for smoking hookah, can lead to reduced smoking hookah in this group.

The purpose of this study is detecting short-term survival of all hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction in Isfahan and Najaf Abad based on sex. The data of all patients who were hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction between 1378 to 1387 in Isfahan and Najaf Abad were collected by trained nurses of the surveillance department in a research center. Using these information and Cox proportional hazard method, Kaplan-Meier method and log Rank test, the survival by sex in different subgroups of patients, was determined and compared between two sexes. Short-term 28 days survival following the occurrence of acute myocardial infarction is 90.9%. A significant difference was seen between overall women and men survival (Respectively, 86.7% vs. 92.5% p<0.001). It decreases significantly with increasing age and increases with thrombolytic use. The survival rate of acute myocardial infarction in Iranian women is less than men. Physicians should pay more attention to the treatment and care of patients at higher risk of mortality, especially women and older patients.

The research show that the relationship between antioxidant markers with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers levels changes was not clear, so the purpose of this study is investigation of relationship between total antioxidant status with creatine phosphokinase and hydrogen peroxide in the athlete girls influenced by acute exercise training This study was a semi-experimental research with a repeated measures design and 25 athlete girls within the age range of 21-24 years old volunteered to participate in the research after having expressed their consent through a consent form. Blood sample were collected in the three stages; pre of GXT (Graded exercise test) exercise test (grade: 5%, speed: 12 km/h, time: 20 minutes), immediately and 3 h after exercise test (recovery phase). Auto analyzer device was used for measurement of total antioxidant status, H2O2 and CPK level, also mixed model methods used for statically analysis. Total antioxidant status (TAS) concentration was faced with a significance increase after of exercise training (p≤ 0/031) (0.89 ± 0.16), but mixed model analysis indicated TAS levels has been reduced in 3h after exercise (p≥ 0/065) (0.88 ± 0.15). Plasma levels of hydrogen peroxide has not significantly changed after exercise (p≥ 0/255) (2.84 ± 1.38), and this increase was significant only in the recovery phase (p≤ 0/029) (3.04 ± 1.16), also CPK levels has been significance increased in both phases; after exercise and recovery phase (p1≤ 0/031, p2≤0.002) (96 ± 18 and 90 ± 19). The results of this study show that the immune system in athlete girls by increasing in antioxidants levels, can prevented the tissue injury caused from CPK H2O2 in response to acute exercise training. And Contrary to popular belief, CPK enzymes are effective role in stimulate of antioxidant response in athlete girls.

Diabetes mellitus is accompanied with disturbances in learning, memory, and cognitive skills in the human society and experimental animals. Considering the potential anti-diabetic effect of the medicinal plant Crocus sativus (Saffron) and the augmenting effect of its consumption on the memory and mental health, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic interaperitoneal administration of Crocus.S extract on learning and memory in diabetic rats.

In this experimental study a total of 60 male rats were divided into normal and diabetic groups. Then, each of these groups was divided into three subgroups. Two of these subgroups received 30 and 60 mg/kg crocus.s extract in the treatment periods, but the third group didn’t receive any treatment. At the end of treatment period, each of these subgroups was evaluated by two ways: Y-maze (alternative behavior percentage) and shuttle box (initial latencies (IL) and step-through latencies (STL)) in passive avoidance test. Finally, obtained data were subjected to one way ANOVA test and post hoc Tokey analysis.

Treatment of the diabetic animals with the extract could antagonized the augmenting effect of diabetics on initial latency (P< 0.05). Also, treatment of the diabetic rats with the extract (60 mg/kg) increased the reduced step through latency time (recall of the data) induced by diabetic in the animals (P< 0.05). However, obtained data from Y maze test show that the extract could not improved the spatial memory disruption due to diabetics.

Chronic Crocus.S injection is effective on the capability of maintaining information in the stores memory and reminding in the diabetic rats. However, the extract could not improve the spatial memory in the diabetic rats.

Dandy walker syndrome is a kind of congenital anomaly consisting of absence of cerbellar vermis, cystic fourth ventricle and large posterior fossa. It can be associated with hydrocephaly. Generally it is treated with shunting but endoscopic third ventriculostomy can also be used. Our patient is a known case of dandy walker syndrome. She has been shunted due to hydrocephaly when she was 5 months old. She was presented with signs of raised intracranial pressure and endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) was considered for the patient. As ETV didn’t resolve the symptoms ventriculoperitoneal shunting was done. Patient discharged with good general condition. ETV is a novel procedure for hydrocephaly, but it should be considered that there are many factors that determine the success rate of it. Correct patient selection can increase success rate of this procedure.