مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 8 (پیاپی 121، آبان 1395)

The physiological changes in pregnancy lead to the psychological pressures. Therefore, there is a need for applying cognitive behavioral and emotional confronting to encounter these problems. The present research investigated the effect of coping therapy on general health of pregnant women with high risk of genetic abnormalities in their fetus.
The present study was a semi experimental research. Pre and post tests were used to investigate coping therapy between 30 pregnant women who were referred to Khatomolanbia Genetic Clinic, Yazd, Iran. All the women had pregnancy screening test with high risk of genetics abnormalities in their fetus. They were divided randomly into two groups of case and controls. The test of GHQ was performed in both groups, then the case groups went under 8 sessions of teaching coping therapy each lasting 120 min. After finishing the sessions, post test was performed and analyzing the data using descriptive statistical index and covariance analysis test.
Teaching coping therapy to case group caused improvement in their GHQ mark, and this change was significantly different from the change in the GHQ mark of control group. In addition, there was a significant decrease in anxiety, depression and physical signs and an improvement of social function in case group compare to the control group.
Teaching coping therapy can improve the general health of pregnant women with high risk of genetic abnormalities in their fetus. Therefore, presenting educational courses to the women can improve their general health indices in addition to preventing the probable effects of stress on fetus.

The dosimetry of the brachytherapy sources is performed in the water source medium according to protocol TG-43U1. To achieve a resonable results on treatment, the use of the water material for all body tissues can be one of the faulty sources in delivering the correct dose to the tumor. Thus, we have focused on the dosimetry parameters in fat density 0.95 gr/cm3 and the muscle with density 1.05 gr/cm3 in the present study. The results are compared with the results of the water phantom to show the accurate accessment via the differences of the results.
Dissymmetry simulations for determining the parameters of the radial dose function and the anisotropy function in fat tissues, muscle and water phantom distances and different angles has been using MCNP4C code.
The greatest relative differences of the phantom radial dose function of the fat tissue at distances below 1cm approximately reached 13%; and this rate increased, when the distance from the source increased; whereas at the distance of 5cm from the source, it approximately reached 167%. In the muscle tissue, the relative difference of these parameters was about 3% at the distance of 0.5cm, while at the distance of 5cm from the source, it approximately increased 16%. The maximum relative difference of the anisotropy parameter of the fat and muscle tissue phantom compared with the water were observed more than 2% and 3%, respectively.
In the clinical application of the 103Pd brachytherapy source, which is contracted in the treatment of the adjacent malignant tumors to the fat and muscle tissues, the correct decisions must be applied on the tissue dosimetry parameters in the treatment planings according to the tables of 3, 4, 5 and 6 in this study.

Myocyte Enhancer Factor 2 (mef2) gene relates with multiple myogenic transcriptional factors that induces activation Muscle-specific genes. MEF2 contributes in muscular cells development and differentiation as well as in fibers transition in response to stimulants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of one bout of resistance exercise (RE) on mef2 gene expression in fast and slow skeletal muscles of Wistar male rats.
For this experimental study, 15 rats from Pasteur Institute were prepared and housed under natural conditions (temperature, light/dark (12:12) cycle, with ad libitum access to food and water) and then randomly divided assigned to RE (n=10) and control groups (n=5); the RE group performed one RE session. 3 and 6 hours following, the rats were anaesthetized and sacrificed, then the soleus and Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were removed. determine mef2 gene expression rate, the Quantitative Real time RT-PCR was used. Data were analyzed by one sample and independent samples t test.
In EDL muscle, in response to one RE session, the mef2 gene expression increased non significantly at 3 hour (p=0/093) and increased significantly (p=/008) at 6 hour after exercise, but in soleus muscle, the mef2 gene expression decreased significantly at 3 hour (p=0/01), and at 6 hour after RE session there was no observed significant change (p=0.247).
Mef2 expression gene is differently changes in muscle fibers, which are likely associated with changes in fiber type in response to resistance exercise.

Delirium is an acute and transient disturbance in brain function. Delirium was very seen in hospitalized patients, especially after surgery. But a high percentage of cases were not diagnosed and treated so, these patients involve next consequence. According to this issue, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of delirium in the different departments of Yazd Shohadaye Kargar hospital (orthopedics, surgery, internal medicine, and ICU).
This cross-sectional study was done on 256 hospitalized patients in departments of surgery, orthopedics, internal medicine, and ICU of Shohadaye Kargar hospital, Yazd, Iran in 2015. Data was collected by ICU-CAM questionnaire. Acquired data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and Fisher exact test.
There was 15 (26.8), 4 (8%), 5 (10%), 14 (28%), and zero (0%) patients with delirium in the internal medicine, surgery, orthopedics, ICU and women department, respectively. Delirium was seen in 2 cases (11.1%) underwent major surgery and 8 cases (7.1%) underwent minor surgery. The frequency of delirium was more in the patients with underlying and psychological disease. The prevalence of delirium had no significantly correlation with age. The most prevalence of delirium was observed in the age range 65-94 years. The Patients with the underlying disease such as diabetes, HTN, heart diseases, and mental illnesses, were more vulnerable. The highest incidence of delirium was seen in the second and third days of hospitalization.
Based on the observed incidence of delirium, personnel training seems necessary for prevention, diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

99mTc–Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA) as evaluation of pediatric genitourinary abnormalities has an important role in pediatric nuclear medicine. The aim of this study was to estimate organs absorbed dose for children injected by 99mTc DMSA using MIRDOSE software and hybrid planar/SPECT method.
After injection of 99mTc-DMSA, ten children with genitourinary abnormalities underwent 3-5 planar scans and single SPECT scan (at 1 to 20 h post injection). Also for anatomical reference of patients’ organs, MRI scans were performed for each patient. A hybrid planar/SPECT method was used to plot time activity curves for obtain source organs cumulated activity and then to calculate obserbed doses of organs MIRDOSE software was used.
Mean absorbed dose due to 99mTc-DMSA in pediatric for kidneys (200 ± 160), adrenals (15.1 ± 9.5), urinary bladder wall (14.7 ± 9.8), spleen (12.7 ± 7.8), gonads (12.4 ± 11.2), pancreas (10.5 ± 6.2), gall bladder wall (9.8 ± 5.7) , , , , , micro Sivert per MegaBequrel, respectively. Also, the mean effective doses was 10.01 ± 6.03 µSv/MBq.
The difference between the radiation doses received by the various organs of the patients caused by different amounts of radiopharmaceutical uptake in organs for different patients. Image quantities practical method using planar/SPECT hybrid method can be utilized with acceptable accuracy in determination of cumulative activity.

Tooth impaction is a common anomaly. Several local and systemic factors may result in tooth impaction. Among the permanent dentition third molar, maxillary canine, maxillary and mandibular premolar and maxillary central incisors have the most probability of impaction. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of impacted teeth in the patients referred to Yazd Dental School in 1392 to 1394.
In this retrospective study, 600 digital panoramic radiographies of the patients over 15 years old were examined. The patients with dent of axial abnormalities, other syndromes or particular pathology, edentulous and traumatized patients were extracted from the study. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0 for Windows, Chicago, IL, USA), Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests.
Out of total 600 patients were examined, 99 patients (16.5%) presented with at least one impacted tooth. Mandibular third molars were the most prevalent (52.26 %) impacted teeth, followed by impacted maxillary third molar (27.7%), maxillary canine (13.8%) and mandibular canine (4.86%). The highest prevalence of tooth impaction was seen in 22-30 years age group. There was no statistically significant difference between tooth impaction and gender (p-value=0.91).
Tooth impaction has a relatively high prevalence in Yazd (16.5%). The highest prevalence of tooth impaction is seen in third molars followed by canine teeth of both jaws. So, in case of delayed eruption of canine teeth, radiographic examination is suggested to evaluation their impaction and applying proper managements.

The basic levels of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation is higher than normal in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, due to the positive effects of exercise training (especially combined exercise training) on oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in healthy people, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an 8 week combined exercise training (Aerobic and Resistance) on oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.
In this semi-experimental study, 27 postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes (age 55.30±4.1 years old, BMI 26.47±3.08 kg/m2) from Yazd city were purposefully selected and randomly divided into experimental (n=13) and control (n=14) groups. The experimental group participated in an eight week combined exercise training (three session per week), but during this period, the control group did not participate in any exercise training program. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and body fat percent were measured before and after the eight-week combined exercise training. Data were analyzed using paired and independent t-test. Statistical significance was set at P Serum SOD and CAT levels significantly increased (p = 0.000 and p = 0.001 respectively) and the MDA levels decreased (P = 0.036) in the experimental group after 8 weeks of combined exercise training. Also, FBS (P=0.000) and body fat percent (P=0.005) decreased in the experimental group compared with the control group.
It seems that oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation status in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes in the experimental group improve after eight weeks of combined exercise training, compared with the control group.