نشریه رهیافت
پیاپی 54 (بهار 1392)

This research is an attempt to analyze scientific co-authorship in medical engineering in the ISI database in Iran، during the period 2002-2011. The research method used was descriptive-analytical survey in which scientometrics indicators are used in the analysis of co-authorship networks by applying NodeXL Software. Relevant research consisted of 55 Iranian research and academic outputs in medical engineering which are indexed in the Web of Science database during 2002 to 2011 years. Finding showed that the best represented sub-subject areas were materials science (%41/81) and biophysics (%14/54). Iran’s international cooperation (41. 81%) exceeded it’s national (38. 18%) and (20%) domestic ones. Iran has had broad scientific collaborations with Canada، UK، South Korea، Singapore and America. Hamid Mirzadeh، affiliated to Amirkabir University of Technology، and Mohammad Parnianpour، affiliated to Sharif University of Technology، were the most prolific authors and records with 3، 4 or 5 authors، were more numerous than the rest. No significant relationship was found between the number of co-authors، and citation absorption. Network density for Iranian cooperation with other countries was valued at 0/066. Iran holds the 28th rank globally and is ranked third in southwest Asia. By analyzing the results of this research، we can identify Iran''s position in the world and Southwest Asia in medical engineering and، according to our twenty-years vision document for the advance of technology، we recommend expansion in cooperation and the necessary investments and promoting community health.

Measuring progress is crucial for policy makers and society. Countries with reliable statistics regarding the extent of their progress. Know where they stand، what are their capabilities and limitations and، above all، they know where they want to go and how to get there. Hence، in this paper an attempt has been made by extracting the relevant data as indicators of science and technology، to measure Iran''s position in the IT field in relation to regional competitors and also to fulfill the 20 -year vision targets in this field. The results show that، according to the indicators examined، Iran in terms of indicators related to scientific production (scientific articles published in journals indexed in the ISI and SCOPUS) Iran stands in the first and second place in the region. But، in terms of the number of citations to articles published that serves as an indication of the quality of the papers، Iran ranks third after Occupied Palestine and Turkey. Iranian the indicator for the number of Iranian patents registered US and EU patent office’s compared with rest of the region is not satisfactory، ranked third and fourth place، respectively. In terms of indicators relating to the use of information technology and its impact، Iran stand’s in fourth place in the region 0f table. Thus، according to the results of this study، achieving the goals set in the Twenty- year Vision plans in the IT field، it is necessary to modify existing policies and provide appropriate incentives.

This paper considers Iran''s experience of initiating policy making and investing in seven key technologies، namely: machine work، aerospace، nuclear، genetic and environmental، electronics and communication، software and nano. In doing this each technology classified according a two-dimensional pattern based on mission - oriented، diffusion - oriented to show how to science push and demand elasticity criteria. An analysis is then presented. To enter to the next key technologies and from which point it should be started.

One of the features of the evolving new order in the world is knowledge based innovation. In this discipline، the development of economic and social systems is contingent on the creation of new knowledge. Therefore، the new age has witnessed enormous changes in the university system that is the result of mutual effectiveness and alignment of local، regional and international developments. To fulfill the above-mentioned relationships، the traditional university that has the responsibility of teaching and research should change to an entrepreneurial university. The aim of this university is creating knowledge based ideas and supporting it to become a product. Thus this kind of university is different from traditional university and its function is based on knowledge teachers، students and staff. In this article we analyze three key parameters: “structure”، “context” and “content” for offering strategies to develop a success model for entrepreneurial university.

Science and technology diplomacy is still an emerging domain and not much academic literature has been published about it; hence، gathering together and placing the related concepts in order is a necessity. In the theoretical work، and this is one of the major functions of this paper. In this research، we introduce the emerging domain of science and technology diplomacy and two main approaches namely “science and technology oriented” and “diplomacy oriented”، in to related studies، explaining the necessity of this domain for our country; then we study experiences of the countries active in this area. Following this، we introduce a conceptual framework with six principal domains namely: science and technology، political sciences، economics، law، communications، and basic studies، along with some sub-domains and a brief description for each of them. Finally، this conceptual framework has been used to provide some practical suggestions in order to improve and develop the science and technology diplomacy of our country.

Aim of Research: The Problems and difficulties in science of sociology of Iran for converting to an usefulness and applicable requires that we describe and explain the causes and factors of inapplicability of this science in Iran. The efforts that has been done during past decades to recognize these causes and factors has been focused their basic fundamental attention to the inadaptability of achievements and findings of this science (that generally outside of social-historical conditions of Iran’s society and commonly has formatted based on realities and phenomenon’s of other societies) is out of social conditions of Iran. This view (opinion) believes that most important solution for overcoming the impracticality of sociology science in Iran is “localization” and by studying the realities and phenomenon’s of Iran and applying the epistemological، anthropological and ideological presumptions that exists in culture and civilization of Iranian society pas dealing with these social realities and phenomenon’s. Undoubtedly performed efforts and attempts that are acting (because that without the attention to suitable connection with institution of science) on structure of institution of sociology’s science will have unpleasant effects. So that، pathology of localization’s view in Iran based on sociology of science can shows us the defects and feeblenesses. Method of research: this research has done by qualitative-documental method (based on epistemic paradigm of gibbons) illustrates the suitable conditions for localization of science of sociology in Iran. Results of research: Prior to any action to localization of the sociology science in Iran، we should prepare the contexts of formation of indigenous (local) science in the social-cultural and political-economical of society and we should reject abstractly claiming the discourse of localization. Thus، in Iran to replying from science of sociology is not any requirement till that science can initiate the localization. Thus، up to the time that needs and demands of society would not be claimed، sociology cannot have any achievement and applicability of this science would not performed in Iran.

The present study tries aims to gain a general understanding of scientific cooperation، co-authorship، as well as co-authorship networks by examining a small sample of a co-authorship network with Mojtaba Shamsi pour as a central agent in the field of chemistry in Iran. Using a historical-documentary method، we attempt briefly to review the relevant literatures in this regard. The results indicate that studying co-authored articles and citation networks based around scientific publication centers is an effective way of investigating cooperation between scientists. These networks are useful for understanding scientists’ relationships as well as reputation، popularity، and technology development. Indeed، they are a kind of social network: a social network is a collection of relationships conducted between individuals، groups، and organizations that enable data، information and knowledge circulation between different. Based on the theoretical framework of the study، the co-authorship network in chemistry in Iran with of Mojtaba Shamsi pour at its centre، is evaluated. According to these findings، the network is so complicated that he، with unified relations hips has provided a powerful center in this area. Mapping Shamsipour’s co-authorship social network is an outstanding example of scientific cooperation in the field of chemistry in Iran.