نشریه رهیافت
پیاپی 67 (پاییز 1396)

The concept of documentation in management and particularly, in project management, is different from the concept of this term from knowledge management perspective. What considered in this research is knowledge management perspective and the neglected loop of knowledge management at research centers and institutes in order to use experiences of heads and deputies at research centers and institutes. In documenting from the viewpoints of knowledge management, each decision, event, and effective activity the organization, which includes the explicit and implicit knowledge of the organization, has the value for documentation. Therefore, it includes assessment of the decisions and actions taken and, through the gathered knowledge and information it will provide a suitable basis for assessing these actions. Also, if we consider research centers and institutes as a center with financial and human resources, including faculty, staff and students in which knowledge sharing and dissemination are addressed, two important issues get attention. First, the capital role of the research centers and institutes that are well-defined and of interest for community and the state. Because research centers and institutes are considered as institutions for the production, improvement and development of knowledge in different fields, and in our country, due to existence of various research centers and institutes, this mission has been considered and every year, a huge amount of money is spent on trial and error for decision-making by directors and managers of research centers and institutes. Second, knowledge management process consists of producing or collecting and identifying knowledge, categorizing, storing and documenting knowledge, distributing and disseminating knowledge and applying knowledge, which is one of the main missions of universities and research centers and institutes. This study shows that the process of documenting of management experiences follows a three-step process including: planning of documentation, implementation of documentation, monitoring, control, and sharing.

Economic complexity approach means that in the economy, produced products can be representatives for required knowledge and knowhow. Thus recognizing the level of product complexity will help us to identify the level of knowledge and knowhow embedded in economies. Therefore, in this paper, we tried to introduce economic complexity and its method of calculation to measure the amount of knowledge and knowhow in the economy. For this reason, first, the term of economic complexity was explained and then how economic complexity uses diversity and ubiquity to measure knowledge and knowhow embedded in products and countries were described as well. At the end, we looked at the situation of knowledge and knowhow embedded in Iran based on the economic complexity approach.

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between the triple helix (University- Industry- Government) and applied research projects by proving the existence of relationship between these two variables, as well as promoting the technical cooperation between institutions.
this applied science study investigated the mutual information between the triple helix (University- Industry- Government) and applied research projects indexed in the science policy research center affiliated to Samat, which is the best database for indexing applied research projects, using T (UIG) indicator. Also, scientific networks of the applied research projects were plotted to show the importance of some institutions, which are better to support.
According to the present study, there are some relationships between the triple helix and applied research projects, but these relationships are less than developed countries. Although there is no significant relationship between these two variables, investigation of triple helix can help applied research projects. Among the three institutions including Industry, Government, and University, the industry is the most important part, which promoting this part of the triple helix can improve applied research projects.

In the last decade, due to various Web 2.0 services, including the availability of up-to-date information and the rapid and effective communication between scientists and experts in various fields of science, different groups have turned to the use of these services, which university students also are not an exception from this phenomenon. In spite of the increasing use of Web services in advanced countries, little research has been conducted on the student's knowledge of the behavior and the extent of their use and application of this network, and the problems of users and the impact of Web 2.0 on research activities. Web tools 2 are very effective in conducting research and improving the work of students in conducting research. This article briefly discussed issues such as Web 2, properties of Web 2, application of Web 2 in research, and introduced 8 tools of Web 2 that helped students in getting researches done. The research also described their way of working and the capabilities they provided to serve students.