مجله پژوهش پرستاری ایران
پیاپی 54 (امرداد و شهریور 1397)

Pemphigus vulgaris is a chronic skin condition, which affects the skin and its appendages and like other chronic diseases, as well as different aspects of quality of life of the patients and their families. The current study aimed at evaluating the effect of family-centered empowerment model on quality of life of female patients with pemphigus vulgaris referred to Razi Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
The matched, controlled, clinical trial was conducted on72 female patients with pemphigus vulgaris slected by by purposive sampling and randomly allocated to two groups of the intervention and the control. The data collection instrument included a demographic questionnaire, SF-36 quality of life inventory, which its validity and reliability was confirmed in previous studies (α = 95.9, r = %96.6), and family-centered empowerment model, which it validity (CVR = %82.5; CVI = %84.6) and reliability (α = 92.4; r = %86) was also confirmed. Data were collected in three stages (before, during, and after) of intervention. Intervention was implemented based on the family-centered empowerment model in four steps (perceived threat, promoting self-efficacy, increasing self-esteem and outcome, and process evaluations) for the intervention group and routine care was provided for the control group. Quality of life of patients with pemphigus vulgaris reviewed and compared before and 45 days after the intervention. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 24 using Chi-square, and independent and dependent t tests. P Demographic variables were similar in both groups based on Chi-square test (P > 0.05). Independent t test showed that 10 dimensions of family-centered empowerment model were similar in both groups before the intervention (P > 0.05), but after the intervention paired t test showed significant differences only in the intervention group (P 0.05), but after the intervention paired t test showed significant differences only in the intervention group (P Family-centered empowerment model for patients with pemphigus vulgaris is feasible and associated with improvement of patient's quality of life. Due to the effectiveness of the family-centered empowerment model in improving the quality of life of patients with pemphigus vulgaris, it is recommended to generalize its specificities to other chronic skin diseases.

Excessive weight gain is one of the problems of today`s society and a worldwide health threatening condition similar to diabetes, cancer, and other chronic diseases. The prevalence of overweight and excessive weight gain is increasing worldwide. Despite advances in managing the excessive weight gain phenomena, its prevalence is still high, and there is little knowledge about what excessive weight gained people really experience in their daily life. The current study aimed at providing an understanding of the lived experience in females with excessive weight gain.
The current qualitative study, using interpretive phenomenological approach, was conducted on 12 females with excessive weight gain purposefully selected. Data were collected during individual, semi-structured, and deep interviews. The recorded interviews were transcribed and analyzed with Van Manen (2006) approach.
Lived experiences of excessive weight in females were summarized by the main theme: “the resilience” and subthemes: “desire of change”, “hopeful struggle”, and “troubles of resilience”.
The results of the current study revealed that the lived experience of resilience in females was an important factor to interact with the social world. In fact, resilience strategies such as weight loss, diet, and effective communication with others were used by females to cope with unsuitable situations. Nurses can better improve health status in people with excessive weight by knowing the resilience concept.

Decreasing stressors in critical occupations such as operating room staff is quite valuable. Therefore, by identifying the level of emotional intelligence and coping styles of the operating room staff, these factors can be managed and controlled. The current study aimed at determining the level of emotional intelligence and its relationship to coping-with-stress styles among technologists in operating rooms of educational hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2015-2016.
The current descriptive-analytic study was conducted on 200 operating room technologists. The instruments employed in the study were questionnaires of demographic information, emotional intelligence by Bradberry and Greaves, and coping-with-stress styles by Endler and Parker. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS version 19.
Based on the result of the current study,71.5% of operating room technologists had moderate emotional intelligence, their dominant style was the problem-oriented style, and there was a significant correlation between emotional intelligence and coping styles (P Emotional intelligence of most of the technologists in operating room was at the moderate level and the dominant style was the problem-oriented. Since emotional intelligence skills and the type of coping styles can be developed through education, it is recommended that educational classes and workshops be held periodically to improve the level of emotional intelligence and selecting the suitable type of coping style by technologists in operating room.

subjective well-being is a general and integrated concept that refers to the self-evaluation and self-perception of one’s quality of life. This study aims to determine The Effect of Training “ Quality Of Life Therapy” Approach on Dimensions of Subjective Well-being among Nursing Students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences
The present research was a quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control and experimental group design. The population consisted of third and fourth year nursing students from the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2017, 89 Students were chosen by census model and based on the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned into control and experimental groups. Subjective well-being questionnaire were given to the control group at two times. Then he experimental group also completed Subjective well-being questionnaire at two times, before and after intervention.. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), and inferential statistics (Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon, independent t-test, Pearson and covariance analysis).
No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics. According to the results of covariance analysis, after controlling the effect of negative emotional scores during the baseline, negative emotional score in the control group was significantly higher than the control group (F1,88=43/5,P=0.02). There was no significant difference between the two groups at positive emotion and life life satisfaction level at the end of the study.
Training “Quality Of Life Therapy” can be effective in reducing negative of nursing students.

Pregnancy and childbirth are stages of life that cause a lot of anxiety, especially in people, who experience them for the first time, and they are accompanied with changes in physical, psychological, economic, social, and sexual systems, which create problems for the mother and the baby in different ways. To deal with such anxieties, several coping models are needed and one of them is the presence of a support person. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of support person presence on the the anxiety of primiparous pregnant females.
In the present study, 70 primiparous pregnant females were selected using the convenience sampling method. They were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups by the coin flipping method. In the intervention group, an intervention of the support person presence was used and in the control group, no intervention was used and only the usual hospital measures were taken. The research tool was the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Independent t-test and covariance analysis were used to analyze the data.
The results showed that the means of state anxiety variable decreased from 51.74 to 34.54 (by about 57%) through the intervention and the mean of trait anxiety variable decreased from 49.17 to 39.69 (by about 50%) through the intervention. After the intervention, the weighted mean of anxiety variable decreased from 100.91 to 71.23 (by about 60%). The intervention resulted in a significant reduction in state and trait anxiety scores (P Given the above results, it can be concluded that support person presence was effective in reducing the anxiety of primiparous females and decreased their state and trait anxiety. Therefore, it is suggested to consider some facilities for pregnant females to be accompanied by a support person in hospitals and maternity hospitals.

Disability in pregnancy is one of the saddest incidents in female’s lives that affects the physical and mental health of infertile females. The purpose of the present study was to design a protocol based on acceptance and commitment of infertile females and its clinical efficacy on increasing the psychological flexibility of this group.
The study was of a quasi-experimental type with pre-test and post-test. The study population consisted of all infertile females that had referred to the Tabriz Milad Infertility Clinic in the spring of 2015. Thirty of participants that had a score of below average in the questionnaire psychological flexibility (acceptance and practice) were randomly assigned to two experimental groups. After design of protocols, resources on infertile acceptance and commitment therapy related to psychological and emotional mood disorders were studied. In consultation with ACBS members, this protocol was implemented in eight sessions for the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test was used to analyze the data.
The mean scores of the experimental group in the pre-test was lower than the mean scores of the control group. However, in the post-test, the mean scores of the experimental group were higher than the control group. The main effect of inter-in-person variance analysis was presented for the experimental and control groups. The F value for both groups was 0.41, which is significant at the level of 0.04 (P According to the results, the present treatment protocol was affective for increasing psychological flexibility of females with infertility.

With the birth of a premature baby, there is a lot of stress on families since they were not physically, emotionally, and mentally prepared for the premature infants and their parents deal with the multiple needs. The current study aimed at determining the effect of family-based care education program on the anxiety level of mothers with premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit.
The current clinical trial study was performed on 60 mothers with premature infants in Jahrom city hospital in 2017. Non-probabilistic sampling method was used to select the subjects and then they were randomly allocated to the intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, family-centered care program was held in three stages with the researcher and mother near infant. Maternal anxiety, using the Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory, was compared between the two groups. Mothers in the control group received routine care practices. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 21 using statistical tests (t test).
The obtained results of the current study showed that the mean scores of obvious and hidden anxiety in mothers in the intervention and control groups were 49 ± 3 and 51 ± 3, respectively; and according to t test, significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of anxiety scores (P The findings of the current study showed that one of the factors that may reduce the anxiety in mothers with premature hospitalized babies maybe the participation of mothers to care for babies. It is expected that while providing the appropriate background for the participation of the family by caregivers, family members, especially mothers have necessary capabilities and enough participation in taking care of their babies.

Job satisfaction is defined as people's attitudes and feelings about their jobs. Job satisfaction is very important to health care organizations, since their duty is to provide public health. The current study aimed at evaluating the impact of demographic characteristics on job satisfaction among nurses.
The current study was conducted on the job satisfaction survey of 120 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, selected by systematic sampling. Data collection tools were job descriptive index (JDI) and demographic characteristics questionnaires. Data were analyzed with SPSS using comparison tests.
Average job satisfaction of nurses under the study was 112 ± 23.14. The highest and lowest levels of job satisfaction were related to co-nurses, and rights and benefits, respectively. Comparison tests showed a significant relationship between variables such as age, gender, marital status, education, work experience, and job satisfaction.
The obtained results indicated that 60% of nurses were dissatisfied with their jobs. This is a very stressful job due to overload, dealing with mortality, the unpredictable nature of this job, lack of psychological support and the ambiguity of the authority/authorizations; therefore, job satisfaction of nurses should be seriously considered by the managers, especially the nurses that have lower levels of job satisfaction.

Investigation on the level of evidence-based scientific productions is an evaluation of the quality of the evidence-based studies. The current study aimed at investigating the levels of evidence-based nursing scientific productions in Iran, indexed in Scopus from 2011 to 2015.
The current descriptive study had a scientometric approach. All Iranian scientific nursing productions indexed in Scopus from 2011to 2015 were reviewed. Among 1360 articles retrieved from the Scopus database in the years under study, 1193 articles were evidence-based, and the level of their evidence was determined by the table of evidence levels suggested by American Association of Critical-Care Nursing.
Based on the findings of the study, at the evidence level A, the articles increased from 0.5% to 5% during the studied years. At level B, the rate of articles increased from 16% to 27%. At level C, the number of articles was fixed; and the number of articles dropped at the level E.
According to the increased number of articles at the mentioned evidence levels, the evidence-based tendency is growing in nursing studies, although not significant; it seems that nursing studies are moving in line with evidence-based nursing.

Human resources is the most important asset of any organization and organizational efficiency and effectiveness depends on this capital, therefore, understanding the needs and demands and attention to job satisfaction and improvement in staff morale is an important step towards achieving the organization's effectiveness and efficiency. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing job satisfaction, and its influencing factors among Tehran University of Medical Science personnel.
This study was a descriptive analytic cross-sectional study that was conducted during years 2016 and 2017 at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The statistical population of this research was the official, contractual, and contract staff of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, who were randomly selected. The data collection tool was the JDI questionnaire with minor changes. Overall, 96.8% reliability through Cronbach's alpha was calculated. Data was analyzed using the SPSS software.
Average job satisfaction in this study was 0.5 ± 3.3 (of 5), which was above average. Most job satisfaction was related to colleagues (3.98) and the lowest job satisfaction was related to salaries (2.57) and benefits and promotion conditions (2.53). Marital status and gender had no significant relationship with satisfaction (P > 0.05). Education, work experience, work, and employment status had a significant relationship with satisfaction (P = 0.01).
Based on the results, increase in salaries, fair pay, promotion based on skill and competence, enriching jobs, improved training facilities, and selection of managers on merit can lead to increased job satisfaction.

Due to the importance of psychological factors in asthma and the need for more recognition of these factors, the aim of this study was to compare cognitive emotion regulation strategies and health locus of control in children with asthma and normal children.
This descriptive study was causal-comparative, and the study population included all children admitted to hospitals with asthma. Children of Tehran and Tabriz admitted during the first half of 2016 were the study population, among which 45 children with asthma and 45 normal children were selected with available sampling and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study and matched according to age, education, and gender. After obtaining informed written consent from children and parents, cognitive emotion regulation and health locus of control were evaluated. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent t-test by SPSS-16 statistical software.
The results showed that children with asthma had differences compared with normal children, including lower mean acceptance and positive reappraisal, and greater mean strategies of self-blame, rumination, catastrophizing and perspective. This difference was statistically significant (t = 2.98 to 5.65, P > 0.05). Also, children with asthma had a greater mean external locus of control and chance locus of control and lower mean health locus of control internal compared to normal children; these differences were statistically significant (t = -5.76 to 6/65, P > 0.05).
Considering the results of this study, based on the unfavorable situation of emotional regulation and health locus of control in children with asthma compared with normal children, it is suggested that the results of this research should be used in health and education programs for children with asthma.

Given the amount of time spent by citizens’ presence in public spaces of the city, especially commercial buildings, the impact of these spaces on mental health is very important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ethical sustainable architecture indicators in human relationships with contemporaries and on community-centered mental health indicators, in the Bazaar as a well-known commercial space of contemporary cities.
The method of research was qualitative content analysis. Two sets of research indicators were used, including psychosocial health indicators and ethical sustainable architecture indicators, based on a relevant literature review. The Delphi method was used to validate the results. A questionnaire was designed in order to evaluate the correlation between two categories of indicators in the analytical unit. After assessing questionnaire’s validity and reliability, the sample size was determined based on the Cochran formula. Seventy questionnaires were completed at the Grand Bazaar of Tehran by people, who either regularly shopped or worked in that area. Furthermore, Spearman correlation method was used to measure the correlation between the two groups of indicators.
Research results indicated that the public involvement indicator had the greatest impact on human interaction indicator, and vitality and flexibility indicator were mostly effective on the indicator of social happiness.
Based on research results, the correlation between more than 80% of indicators was either strong or moderate, which indicates the importance of public urban space design on community-based mental health of citizens.