مجله طب جنوب
سال بیست و یکم شماره 2 (خرداد و تیر 1397)

SIRT1 and FGF21 are known to regulate glucose metabolism and moderate diabetes complications. Sargassum oligocystum extract has therapeutic characteristics. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of sargassum oligocystum on serum levels of SIRT1 and FGF21in diabetic rats.
In this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into six groups: the non-diabetic control, the diabetic control, the diabetic treated with 150mg/kg of the extract, the diabetic treated with 300mg/kg of extract, the diabetic treated with 450mg/kg of the extract and the diabetic treated with 100mg/kg of Metformin. After 30 days of treatment, serum levels of SIRT1 and FGF21 of rats were measured. The data was analyzed in SPSS software version 22.
The extract of sargassum at the dose of 450mg/kg significantly reduced the SIRT1 serum level, but no changes were observed in the serum level of FGF21 and insulin at any of the doses. Moreover, serum glucose and insulin resistance were decreased at the doses of 300mg/kg of the extract.
The results of this study suggest that the algae extract did not significantly change SIRT1 and FGF21 levels in order to regulate the glucose metabolism.

Trichomoniasis is a common urogenital disease in the world. The first line of treatment for Trichomoniasis is metronidazole. Drug resistance and side effects of metronidazole urge researchers to seek new medications. Curcumin is a yellow substance derived from turmeric and has different derivatives with anticancer and antioxidant effects. We evaluated the anti-trichomonas effects of curcumin and its derivatives.
Curcumin 70%, curcumin 90%, Bisdemethoxy curcumin, Diacetyl curcumin, Vanadyl curcumin, Vanadyl diacetyl curcumin, Indium curcumin and Gallium curcumin were prepared. Different concentrations (50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800 µg/ml) of curcumin prepared with glycerin and 106 Trichomonas vaginalis were added to each well and incubated at 37°C for 24 h. The in vitro toxicity of different extracts against Trichomonas vaginalis was evaluated through MTT assay. All tests were performed in triplicate and SPSS software was used for data analysis.
The IC50 was 450, 400, 441, 453.2, 427.3, 417.6, 441 and 449.1 µg/ml, respectively for curcumin 70%, curcumin 90%, Bisdemethoxy curcumin, Diacetyl curcumin, Vanadyl curcumin, Vanadyl diacetyl curcumin, Indium curcumin and Gallium curcumin against Trichomonas vaginalis. Cytotoxic effects of these compounds against vero cells were 33.1%, 19%, 21%, 20.3%, 17%, 21%, 25.3% and 16%, respectively.
Curcumin 90% had the most activity against Trichomonas vaginalis and Galium curcumin had the least cytotoxic effect against vero cells. It appears curcumin lotion can be used topically to treat trichomoniasis.

Enterobius vermicularis is a human parasitic nematode and lives in the cecum and the distal parts of the digestive system. It is estimated that about one billion people are infected with this parasite worldwide, and children are more commonly infected than other age groups. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of E.vermicularis and the relevant factors among primary school children in Bushehr.
After coordination with the ministry of education, 12 schools were randomly selected from six districts in two stages, and 203 male and female students at different educational levels were examined using Garaham method. First, parents were trained how to sample properly and were given the necessary equipment. Then samples were collected and examined microscopically. Data were analyzed in SPSS 18.0 software using appropriate statistical tests.
Of the participants, 13.3% of cases (7.9% male and 5.4% female) were infected with E.vermicularis. The highest prevalence was observed in the fifth-grade students. There was no significant relationship between some symptoms such as drooling, sucking fingers and nail-biting and their gender, but it was significant for tooth grinding during sleep. The infection rate increased with the increasing family size.
Given the prevalence of E.vermicularis among school children was relatively considerable in this study and that it causes sleep, growth and learning disorders in children, it is suggested that training courses be held for parents and preventive measures be taken to improve health in the region.

The knowledge transfer gap is one of the challenges facing the healthcare system. Nowadays, choosing the right and all-inclusive audience, determining the research priorities and publishing the key message of the research in a simple and understandable language have a special place in research. Knowledge translation is an effective strategy for acceptance and application of research results in practice. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the performance of researchers at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences from the transfer of research question to promoting the use of evidence in the process of knowledge translation.
This descriptive survey recruited a population of researchers from Bushehr University of Medical Sciences who were randomly selected. Eighty-three researchers were selected if they met the inclusion criteria of having at least five approved research projects from 2011 to 2015 as the main researcher or collaborator. Data were collected using Self-Assessment Questionnaire of Academic Researchers Knowledge Translation Activities, which was validated in another phase of this research.
The findings of this study showed that the researcher's performance was better in the following items: knowing research priorities of the university (4±1.08), familiarity with the users of the research results (3.61±0.90) (the transfer of research question domain), conducting up-to-date research in accordance with the needs of the stakeholders (4.25±0.84), performing the necessary activities to produce a transmittable message (4.09±0.83) and observing the appropriate interval between determining the subject and beginning the study (4.08±0.83) (knowledge production domain), publication of research results in local and foreign journals (4.58±0.65), presenting the research results in local and foreign conferences, seminars and congresses (4.22±0.95) (knowledge transfer domain) and conducting research with the objective of evidence-based decision making (3.97±1.02) (promoting the use of evidence domain).
The results indicate that although the performance of researchers is Bushehr University of Medical Sciences is at a desirable level in the whole process of knowledge translation, but the gap between the knowledge and practice in transfer of research question and knowledge requires effective intervention. Therefore, it is suggested that a Knowledge Translation Committee be established at the Deputy of Research and Technology.

The order zoantharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) which is one of the most unexplored orders are present in the Persian Gulf. This group of cnidarians commonly found in tropical waters at various places in the world and morphological identification to the species level is extremely complicated. In the present study, molecular diversity of shallow water zoanthids from the Bushehr coasts in the Persian Gulf was investigated for the first time.
Twenty-four colonies of zoanthids with variety of shape and colors have been collected from different locations. After DNA extraction using CTAB-Phenol-Chloroform method, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA (mt 16S rDNA) and the nuclear internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA (ITS-rDNA) were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique.
Based on the obtained sequences, the presence of four species-level clades: Zoanthus sansibaricus, Zoanthus pulchellus, Zoanthus sociatus and Palythoa aff. mutuki. Palythoa aff confirmed. mutuki species observed in this study had identical sequences with previously reported Palythoa aff. mutuki in the Persian Gulf. Nevertheless, in the present study two new undescribed species from genus Zoanthus (Z.sociatus and Z.pulchellus) were identifed.
The results of the present study indicate the efficiency of molecular markers application in comparison with morphological characteristics to identify zoaentaria, especially at the species level. Undoubtedly, more studies on zoanthids distribution patterns will increase our knowledge about the biodiversity of the Persian Gulf.

Gas and petrochemical industries in Assaluyeh produce various types of pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, O3, NOx, SOx, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), sulfide hydrogen (H2S), heavy metals and hazardous air pollutants (HAP) including nickel, chromium, cadmium and selenium, benzene, hexane, toluene, xylene, propylene and naphthalene, which have irreparable effects on ecosystem, environment and human health. Several studies have reported the presence of hazardous pollutants such as heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coastal sediments in the South Pars region. Studies on marine aquatic organisms such as bivalves showed high and toxic concentrations of heavy metals (cadmium, lead, arsenic, sternium, tin, silver, antimony, and molybdenum). Moreover, several studies have shown extremely high concentrations of heavy metals in the trees of Assaluyeh region compared to non-polluted areas. Some studies have reported that pollen allergenicity has increased dramatically due to changes in protein profiles and the biological structure of tree pollens caused by pollutants in the gas and petrochemical industries in Assaluyeh. In addition, studies conducted in residents of Assaluyeh showed that urinary levels of heavy metals such as arsenic, vanadium, manganese and nickel are significantly higher than those in the controls. The prevalence of asthma, nasal allergy and eczema is also higher in Assaluyeh region than that in other cities of Iran.