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Evidence Based Health Policy, Management and Economics - Volume:3 Issue: 1, Mar 2019

Journal of Evidence Based Health Policy, Management and Economics
Volume:3 Issue: 1, Mar 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1398/02/01
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Leila Vali, Saeed Hosseini, Hamed Rahimi, Ali Reza Kalantari* Pages 1-2
  • Dhani Ichsanuddin Nur* Pages 3-11
    Background
    The research purpose to analyzing impacts of funding source changes on pharmacy company profits that went public on Indonesian Stock Exchange, with analysis period of 2008 to 2013.
    Methods
    The research applied analysis means in line with requirements of change variable measurements of funding sources in its interconnectedness with company profits; the applied model was Auto-regressive.
    Results
    The research results indicated that changes of the last one-period short term debts had negative effects insignificantly on company profits, the last two-period short term debts had positive effects significantly on company profits, changes of the last one-period and two-period long term debts had negative effects insignificantly on company profits, equity changes of the last period had positive effects significantly on company profits, the last period profit changes had negative effects significantly on company profits.
    Conclusion
    Last one-period short term, last one-period long term, last two-period long term debt changes, and last period profit have negative insignificant effect on company profit. Last two-period short term debt changes, last one-period equity changes, and last two-period equity changes have positive significant effect on company profit.
    Keywords: Auto-regressive, Debt, Equity, Profit, Pharmacy company
  • Kazem Barzegar*, Somayeh Barzegar Pages 12-22
    Background
    Faculty members are the key components of any medical university. The number, specialty, scientific rank, and H-index play a significant role in the general primacy of any university. This study compared 51 Iranian medical universities regarding faculty members in terms of total number of faculty members per medical university, ISI articles of each top faculty member, citations, average citations per paper of each, H-index, their scientific rank, and their specialty.
    Methods
    In this analytic-descriptive study conducted in 2018 in Yazd, Iran, the data were gleaned from 51 Iranian medical universities affiliated to  the Iranian Ministry of Health, Treatment, and Medical Education using Electronic Scientific Measurement System and analyzed with SPSS19 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) using descriptive statistics of frequency, range, mean, SD, and also correlations. Independent medical schools, medical research centers, and Islamic Azad University medical schools were excluded.
    Results
    Data analysis showed the maximum and minimum number of faculty members at each medical university, total number of ISI articles, total citations, citations per paper, H-index, scientific rank, and specialty of each top faculty member. There were statistically weak, moderate, and strong correlations between the five variables under study.
    Conclusion
    The findings of this study showed that there were 18972 medical faculty members teaching and researching in Iranian medical universities. Yet, there was an imbalance in the variables under study in different medical universities located in different parts of Iran. A more balanced distribution of faculty members and resources is required to improve medical education in all parts of Iran. The findings of the study may be added to the WHO database to be used by foreign students and scholars who want to study medicine or carry out research in Iranian medical universities.
    Keywords: Medical university, Faculty member, H-index, Citation, Resources distribution
  • Maryam Shirvani, Mohammad Arab*, Hassan Karami, Sajad Delavari, Mohammad Mehdi Kiani Pages 23-31
    Background
    Management style is one of the factors that could cause staff unwillingness for sharing information and ideas that ultimately leads to dominance silence culture in organizations. This study aimed at determining the relationship between management style and organizational silence in hospitals affiliated by Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
    Methods
    This study was an analytical, descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2016. The study population included all employees of General Hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences with 4251 employees that 354 among this population were selected as samples with stratified random sampling method. Organizational silence questionnaire by Vakola and Bouradas was used for data collection. The reliability of the questionnaire was α = 0.83 assessed by Cronbach’s alpha method. Data were analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient and also post-test experience if necessary. SPSS19 software was used for analyzing the data.
    Results
    The results showed that there was a positive and meaningful relationship between exploitative-authoritative and benevolent-authoritative styles and organizational silence (P<0.001). Furthermore, organizational silence in Baharloo and Shariati hospital compared to other hospitals were more common.
    Conclusion
    Given that the type of management style on organizational silence is very important, managers should support free and open communication to reduce organizational silence.
    Keywords: Organizational silence, Management style, Hospitals
  • Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad, Reza Majdzadeh, Mohammad Arab, Amjad MohamadiBolbanabad* Pages 32-40
    Background
    Three big medical universities were merged in Iran in 2010, but they separated again after 2.5 years. The purpose of this study was to identify the most important challenges of this merger.
    Methods
    This qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 63 participants from April to September 2015. The data were analyzed via conventional content analysis method using MAXQDA10 software.
    Results
    The merger of universities faced strategic, procedural, structural, contextual, and human resources' challenges. Factors such as the merger’s vision, goals, and motives, the stakeholders’ involvement, the merger announcement and time, interruption in service delivery, information systems, power balance, organizational structure, geographical distance, organizational culture, employees’ reaction, and education influenced the failure of this merger.
    Conclusion
    Merger and acquisition require a well-designed plan for the effective and efficient use of resources to achieve the desired outcomes. Therefore, policymakers should involve universities’ managers and employees in decision-making process to achieve the best results.
    Keywords: Merger, Medical universities, Challenges, Iran
  • Jalal Saeidpour, Mohammad Javad Kabir, Bahman Khosravi, Moslem Sharifi* Pages 41-51
    Introduction
    Empowerment of insured persons has been one of the main programs of Iran health insurance organization. Accordingly, this study was designed and implemented with the aim of determining the status of knowledge, attitude and performance of employees, as one of the factors influencing the implementation of the program.
    Methods
    This descriptive-analytic study was carried out in 2016-2018. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was organized in four sections including demographic information, knowledge, attitude and performance of the staff. The sample size was 1536 people who were selected by random sampling method. Data were analyzed by descriptive (frequency, mean and standard deviation) and analytical (Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and correlation tests) methods.
    Results
    A total of 1536 questionnaires were distributed and 1347 questionnaires were received (response rate = 92%). Respondents obtained moderate knowledge score (0.57), desirable attitude (3.9) and moderate performance (1.9). The distribution of the scores in the three main parts of the study showed that the attitude of the staff toward empowerment is positive (73% desirable and 26% moderate). While in the knowledge section, only 43% of the respondents were in desirable condition and 12% were in undesirable condition. In the performance section, only 10% of the respondents had desirable situation and more than 80% showed moderate performance.
    Conclusion
    Positive attitude toward empowerment and its alignment with organizational goals, and weakness in education, and inadequate participation of staff in the design and implementation of programs, are one of the main points that should be considered in designing improvement interventions.
    Keywords: Empowerment, Health insurance, Knowledge, Attitude, Performance
  • Abbas Pezeshki, Anahita Almasian, Saeid Salehi, Faezeh Zahabi, Mehrdad Jahanfar, Hafez Amraei, Mohammad Keshvari* Pages 52-65
    Background
    Hospitals are the most important element of the health system. Hospitals play a key role in providing health services and have a major impact on the health system's performance. The success of organizations depends on their managers’ performance. Organizations with qualified and experienced managers will be more successful in achieving their goals and can reach optimal efficiency.
    Methods
    This is a phenomenological qualitative study in which content analysis was used to achieve study objectives. The study population included the hospitals managers and senior experts of the vice chancellor for treatment of a provincial department of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran. Participants were selected by purposive and heterogeneous methods and data collection continued until data saturation was achieved. Data were collected by semi-structured face-to-face interviews.
    Results
    From our data, seven main themes were drawn, consisting of monitoring and control, planning, organizing, leadership and motivational factors, management of resources and information, communication and interdepartmental coordination and patient orientation
    Conclusion
    Hospital managers play a key role in improving hospital function. Assessing hospital managers' performance, determining their strengths and weaknesses and taking corrective actions are beneficial to the improvement of hospitals’ performance.
    Keywords: Performance Assessment, Hospital Management, Qualitative Study
  • Elham EhsaniChimeh, Ali DavoudiKiakalayeh, Shahrokh Yousefzadeh Chabok, Enayatollah Homaie Rad* Pages 66-74
    Background
    Self-medication is the use of drugs which have not been prescribed by health professionals. It is considered an important issue especially in developing countries because of side effects of irrational use of drugs and economic burden of disease. This study aim to analyze the prevalence of self-medication in Iran by provinces and socio economic and demographic factors that affect it.
    Methods
    Data of Iranian household income and expenditures survey (HEIS) in 2016 (source Iranian Statistical Center) was used in this study. Multilevel mixed effect regression was used to find relation between explanatory variables and self-medication ratio. STATA SE v 14 was used to perform the analysis.
    Results
    the results of this study showed that income (coefficient = - 0.00286) and socioeconomic status had negative significant relationship with self-medication ratio, while self-medication ratio was higher in some provinces like Ardebil, Sistan va Baluchistan and Ilam and it was lower in some provinces like Khuzestan and Kurdistan.
    Conclusion
    The prevalence of self-medication among Iranian people was relatively high and this ratio varies in provinces. In addition to promote population awareness about undesirable effects of the irrational drug consumption, developing strategies for drug consumption by improving prescribing pattern, OTC drugs and also increasing inspection of pharmacies is needed.
    Keywords: Self-Medication, Drug Utilization, Income, Iran