مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال نوزدهم شماره 203 (هفته دوم امرداد 1395)

Induction of labor is a common procedure in modern obstetrics. Studies showed that success of induction is related to maternal age, body mass index, parity, gestational age, cervical dilatation, cervical ripening before induction, and cervical length. This study was performed with aim to investigate the relationship between induction success and Bishop score.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 539 pregnant women referred to Beasat hospital in Sanandaj and were hospitalized for labor induction between 2012- 2013. Data collection tools included a questionnaire containing the questions about demographic characteristics, obstetric history, information about Bishop score, induction of labor, mode of delivery, birth weight and first and fifth minutes Apgar score. Das was analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) and Chi-square test, t-test and logistic regression. P There was no significant difference between induction success and Bishop score (P=0.286). There was significant difference between induction success and cervical dilatation (P Cervical dilatation, effacement and birth weight have higher predictive value than age, gravidity and fetal decent.

According to confirmed beneficial effects of physical activity during pregnancy, this study was performed with aim to investigate active and passive lifestyle on insulin resistance and the levels of AST and ALT liver enzymes in pregnant women at second trimester of pregnancy.
This cross-sectional study was performed on 80 pregnant women at second trimester in Isfahan at 2015. After completing the consent form and Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) based on lifestyle and doing and not doing daily walking were divided to two groups of active and passive lifestyle and were compared in terms of insulin resistance and the levels of AST and ALT liver enzymes. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 18) and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and t-test. P Serum levels of AST liver enzymes in active pregnant women who had daily walk were significantly lower than inactive women (P=0.018), but there was no significant difference between two groups in terms of ALT levels (P=0.079) and insulin resistance (P=0.146).
Physical activity during pregnancy is effective on serum levels of AST liver enzymes, but according to the evaluation of control variables, ALT liver enzyme levels and insulin resistance were not significantly different due to walking with slow speed, long hours of immobility (11.8 ± 2.5) and sleep longer than the standard (9.9 ± 2.00).

Perinatal transmission is one of the most common routes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission in the worldwide. In Iran, more than 50% of HBV carriers have received the infection in this route. Therefore, this review study was performed with aim to determine the prevalence and risk factors of HBV infection in pregnant women of Iran.
Current study was conducted based on PRISMA checklist for systematic review and meta-analysis studies. To access to the English and Persian documents, two independent authors searched Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Web of Science (ISI), Springer, Online Library Wiley, Magiran, Iranmedex, SID, Medlib, IranDoc and Google Scholar search engine up to January 2016 by using Mesh keywords including: Prevalence, Hepatitis B, Pregnant women, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, HBsAg and Iran. Data was analyzed using the random-effects model for HBV prevalence and fixed-effects model for risk factors of HBV via Stata software (Version 11.2).
A total of 36 eligible studies with sample size of 64,195 pregnant women in Iran, HBV prevalence was estimated 0.5%. Minimum and maximum of this range were related to the North (0.4%) and East (1.6%) of the Iran. HBV prevalence in urban and rural pregnant women was estimated 1.1 and 1.2%, respectively. HBV prevalence among housewife pregnant women was 1.7% and employee pregnant women was 0.1%. The frequency of HBsAb>10 mIU/ml in Iranian pregnant women were calculated 40%. Among the risk factors, illiteracy, occupation, blood transfusion, abortion and husband addiction were significant related with prevalence of HBV (P0.05).
The lowest prevalence of HBV in Iran was related to pregnant women and less than the general population. History of blood transfusions, husband addiction, illiteracy, occupation and abortion are associated with HBV in Iranian pregnant women.