نشریه پژوهشهای روان شناختی
سال نهم شماره 1 (تابستان 1385)

To examine the relation of coping style and attributional style with depression, 140 undergraduate students (70 girls, 70 boys) were selected voluntarily (non-randomly) from the University of Tehran (Faculty of Literature and Humanities). All participants were asked to complete the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ), Coping style Questionnaire (CSQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Data were analyzed by using the multi-variable regression and Pearson’s correlation methods. Results showed that for female students, coping style and attributions of negative event to global and stable causes were significantly correlated with depression (p<.001). Furthermore the results of the present study showed that problem-focused coping was more important than attributional styles for predicting depression.

The purpose of this study was to investigate overt and relational aggression in a group of elementary school students in Shiraz. 506 students (241 girls and 265 boys) were recruited from grade levels 1 to 5, to participate in this study. The Aggression Scale developed for this purpose contained 21 items for assessment of relational and overt aggression of students by the teachers. Construct validity of the scale was confirmed by factor analysis. Intercorrelations among items were factor ana- lyzed using principal axis analysis followed by oblique rotation. Three factors emerged: Physi-cal, relational, and reactive-proactive aggre-ssion. Reliability of the scale and sub-scales was satisfactory using different methods. The co-efficient alpha was. 91 for the total score. Sex differences were significant, the mean scores for boys are reported to be significantly more than girls in overt and relational aggression. How-ever, there was no significant difference in the proportion of relationally aggressive boys and girls when they were classified as severely agg-ressive. Significant effect was found for grade level in relational aggression and reactive- proactive aggression but significant effect was not found for grade level in physical aggression.

The purpose of this research was to study the relationship between psychological parameters of talent identification in performance of sprint and endurance swimming in Iranian elite swimmers as well as an analysis on the point of view of swimming coaches. Subjects consisted of two groups of Iranian boy swimmers (mean age 12.75 years, mean height 159.95cm, mean weight 52.91kg) and elite swimming specialists and national coaches (N1 = 47, N2 =48). In order to determine the relationship between psychological fitness parameters (motivation, emotion control, concentration, and self - confidence) and sprint and endurance swimming records, a questionnaire consisting of 60 psychological fitness related questions was administered on the subjects. In order to find out the point of view of the second group a questionnaire consisting of 43 psychological fitness related questions regarding sprint (50m) and endurance (200m) swimming was also administered. Data analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between psychological fitness parameters and sprint and endurance swimming records. However there was significant relationship between psychological fitness parameters and success in sprint and endurance swimming from the point of view of the elite swimming specialists and national coaches.

This study examined the prevalence of burnout syndrome in teachers and employees of the education organization and the relation-ship between burnout and gender, education le-vel, job classification, and geographical lo-cation. A sample consisting of 1068 subjects were selected by stratified random sampling and completed the MBI. Results showed that: 1- There were different degrees of burnout (mild to severe) in most of the participants (69%). 2- There were different degrees of burnout among primary school teachers, guidance school and high school teachers and also personnel in the education organization. 3- The rate of burnout was more in male employees than in female em-ployees. 4- There was positive relationship bet-ween burnout and level of education. 5- There were different degrees of burnout among tea-chers and employees residing in different locations.

This study investigated the reli-abilities (internal consistency, split-half, and test -retest) and validity of Weinstein noise sensi-tivity scale in 287 non-industrial employees for the age range 17-76 years (Mean=34.17 years) in Tehran. Cronbach’s alpha was found to be 0.62 for part І, 0.68 for part ІІ, and 0.78 for total WNSS scores. Test-retest was conducted for 100 employees with a 9 week interval and the stability coefficient was 0.66 (p<0.01). A prin-cipal components factor analysis yielded only one major factor (eigenvalue = 4.32) which ex-plained 20.57% of the total variance, thereby confirming the unidimensional nature of the scale. Moreover, based on the Scree test, four factors emerged from factor analysis of cases (varimax normalized rotation). The four factors determined were: becoming sensitive to noise, disturbance in concentration, attitude to noise in where they live, and attitude to noise control. This study has shown that the WNSS has reliability and validity and is suitable for field researche.