نشریه پژوهشهای روان شناختی
سال هجدهم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1394)

To examine the efficacy of marital enrichment program on marital satisfaction and mental health (psychological well-being and psychological distress) of couples، among the couples referred to the concelling centers in Khorramabad (Iran)، 26 couples were selected randomly، and assigned to experimental and control groups. Since this research was quasi-ex-perimental with pretest design and control group، before performing the enrichment program، the questionnaires of Enriching and Nurturing Re-lationship Issues، Communication and Happiness (ENRICH)، Golombok-Rust Inventory of Marital State (GRIMS)، and Mental Health Inventory-28 (MHI-28) were completed by all participants as pretest. Then couples of experimental group participated in marital enrichment program during 6 weekly sessions، while the control group remained on the waiting list. After the final session of intervenetion program، all couples of the two groups completed the same questionnaires again as post-test. The results of analysis by covariance indicated that after controlling the effects of covariate variables (pretest)، the efficacy of marital enrichment program on experimental group was shown to be significant in each of the dependent variables. According to these results، marital enrichment program has increased marital satisfaction and psychological well-being on one hand، and decreased marital problems and psychological distress on the other hand.

The transdiagnostic treatments based on cognitive behavioral approach for co-occurring anxiety and depressive disorders have received great empirical supports in recent years. However، these treatments have had moderate efficacy. Following the improvements and developments in transdiagnostic protocols and considering the importance of repetitive negative thinking as a transdiagnostic core factor across emotional disor-ders، this study evaluated a new form of Trans-diagnostic Treatment based on Repetitive Negative Thinking (TTRNT) for co-occurring anxiety and depressive disorders. For this purpose، single case series with multiple baselines design were carried out on three patients with co-occurring anxiety and depressive disorders. The participants were treated individually for 12 weekly sessions. During the baseline، treatment، and one-month follow-up، participants completed the standardized outcome measures for assessing depression، anxiety، general function، repetitive negative thinking، and positive and negative affects. At post-treatment، all participants had made clinically significant changes on a range of standardized outcome measures and these gains were largely maintained in 1-month follow-up، both in principal and co-principal diagnoses. Although the results of this preliminary inves-tigation indicated that TTRNT could prove to be an effective and efficient treatment for individuals with these co-occurring disorders، further con-trolled research is necessary for evaluating this new treatment.

The purpose of the present researchwas to compare the effects of group behavioral activation treatment (BA) and group cognitive therapy (CT) on subsyndromal anxiety and dep-ressive symptoms as measured at the 3-month follow-up. The sample consisted of 26 university students in Tehran، Iran، with subsyndromal anxiety and depressive symptoms who were selected through purposeful sampling and then were randomly assigned to two groups. One group received 8 sessions of BA and the other group received 8 sessions of CT. Participants completed the Depression، anxiety، and Stress Scale، the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale، the Emotional Regulation Questionnaire، and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale before and after the treatments. Results indicated that BA had the same effect as CT in decreasing sub-syndromal anxiety and depressive symptoms. The implications of the results are discussed.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of group training of positive parenting on mothers of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on their children’s behavioral and emotional problems. This clinical trial was performed on 24 mothers of children with ADHD who had visited Razi Counseling Center in Karaj، Iran، from June 2012 to September 2012. The children were 4 to 10 years old. The mothers who were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups (12 in each group) were between 25 to 45 years old. Conner’s Behavior Problems Questionnaire (for parents) and Strength and Difficulties Ques-tionnaire were used. Prior to the training sessions، at the end of 8 weeks، and at 6 weeks follow-up، all participants completed the questionnaires. Data were analyzed via Analysis of Variance with repeated measures. Results showed that group training of positive parenting to mothers was effective in reducting emotional and behavioral problems of their children with ADHD (P< 0/05).

The internet has become one of the most important instruments for social interactions، entertainment، and doing everyday activities، and also one of the most important information re-sources for adolescents. However، internet and computer are not dangerous per se، but internet overuse has caused a phenomenon called online dependency. The aim of the present study was to determine the difference between dependent and non-dependent Internet users regarding social anxiety disorder. This study was a survey done by cross-sectional design. The sample included 535 adolescents (218 males and 317 females) who were studying in high schools in 2011 in Yazd. These adolescents were selected by proportional stratified sampling. Internet Addiction Test (IAT)، and Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C) were used for data gathering. Prevalence of online dependency in this study was found to be 21. 7%. Significant differences were found between dependent and non-dependent internet users regarding social anxiety in general (P<0. 01)، and its components: social performance (P<0. 01); avoidance/social encounter (P<0. 01); assertiveness (P<0. 01); and physical and cognitive symptoms (P<0. 01). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis showed that online depen-dency explained 6. 9% of the variance of social anxiety.

The aim of present study was to investigate the relationships between resilience and locus of control with happiness in students. The population consisted of all male and female students at Tabriz University in 2012-2013 academic year. The research sample consisted of 200 students who were selected through multi-stage cluster method. The instruments used included Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale، Rotter’s External and Internal Locus of Control Scale، and Oxford Happiness Inventory. Data were analyzed through Pearson correlation coefficient and regression method. The results indicated that resilience and internal locus of control have significant positive correlations، and external Locus of control has significant negative correlation with happiness. Also، based on the results، the resilience and locus of control predicted 28% of variance of happiness.