فهرست مطالب

Journal of Analytical Research in Clinical Medicine
Volume:5 Issue: 2, Spring 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/08/30
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Mahboub Pouraghaei, Alireza Sadeghpour, Payman Moharamzadeh, Alireza Ala, Mohammad Mahdi Bagheri Asl* Pages 33-37
    Introduction
    Traumas are one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world, especially in developing countries. The economic and social burdens of the disease vastly affect both developed and developing countries in different ways. Although the importance of this issue is obvious, there are few documentations about the characteristics of trauma patients in Iran. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of trauma patients referred to orthopedic center in Tabriz, Iran, during 2015.
    Methods
    Eight hundred twenty-one patients with trauma that needed orthopedic interventions were studied in this cross-sectional study during 2015 in Tabriz. Age, sex, trauma type and date were collected and analyzed by SPSS.
    Results
    From 821 patients, 70.9% were male. Most of the patients were referred in summer (33.6%) in June (11.6%). The mean age was 40.67 ± 20.4 with a tendency toward young ages (skewness = 0.28). The most common trauma types were car accidents (54.8%) and falling traumas (33.5%). Falling trauma was higher among females (42.31% vs 31.91%). Car accidents increased in cold seasons of the year. Most falling traumas were in spring and summer. Falling increased with increase in age while bicycle and motorcycle accidents decreased.
    Conclusion
    According to high incidence of traffic injuries, an integrated multidisciplinary intervention to reduce the rate of traumas and their burden is essential.
    Keywords: Trauma, Developing Country, Iran, Epidemiology, Fracture
  • Maryam Sepehri, Sara Farhang, Habibeh Barzegar, Hamidreza Shamekhi, Ali Fakhari, Saeed Dastgiri* Pages 38-44
    Introduction
    A short screening tool for high-risk individuals with personality disorder (PD) is useful both for clinicians and researchers. The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Farsi version of the Standardized Assessment of Personality-Abbreviated Scale (SAPAS).
    Methods
    The original English version of the SAPAS questionnaire was translated into Farsi, and then, translated back into English by two professionals. A survey was then conducted using the questionnaire on 150 clients of primary health care centers in Tabriz, Iran. A total of 235 medical students were also studied for the reliability assessment of the questionnaire. The SAPAS was compared to the short form of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). The data analysis was performed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve technique, operating characteristic for diagnostic efficacy, Cronbach s alpha, and test-retest for reliability evaluation.
    Results
    We found an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.566 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.455-0.677]; sensitivity of 0.89 and specificity of 0.26 at the cut-off score of 2 and higher. The total Cronbachs alpha coefficient was 0.38 and Cohen's kappa ranged between 0.5 and 0.8.
    Conclusion
    The current study showed that the Farsi version of the SAPAS was relatively less efficient, in term of validity and reliability, in the screening of PD in the population.
    Keywords: Personality Disorder, Validity, Reliability, Screening
  • Nasser Malekpour*, Navid Nooraei Pages 45-48
    Introduction
    Vascular access for dialysis is considered the biggest challenge for chronic dialysis patients, and arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is still the best way to provide vascular access for dialysis. In the present study, survival and quality of AVF was compared between local anesthesia and regional block techniques.
    Methods
    The present study recruited patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis through AVF in 2014-2015. The subjects were randomly divided into local anesthesia (A) and axillary block (B) groups, and received AVF in the antecubital region. The AVF patency and flow were compared between the two groups both long-term and short-term. Data was analyzed in SPSS software.
    Results
    In the present study, 60 patients with ESRD and candidates for AVF creation were divided into local anesthesia (A) and axillary block (B) groups of 30 people. Patient's mean age was 54.28 [standard deviation (SD) = 14.45] years. No significant difference was observed between the two groups in mean AVF flow and patency 24 hours, 10 days, and 6 months after the surgery. Gender had no effect on AVF flow in the two groups. However, AVF flow was significantly lower in patients with diabetes and ischemic heart disease (IHD).
    Conclusion
    The results obtained showed no significant difference in AVF flow and patency between local anesthesia and axillary block both in the short-term and long-term. Diabetes and IHD significantly reduced AVF flow.
    Keywords: Arteriovenous Fistula Patency, Axillary Block, Local Anesthesia
  • Shahrokh Amiri*, Meygol Taghibeigi, Sara Farhang, Seyed Gholamreza Noorazar, Mehran Aghamohammadpour Pages 49-57
    Introduction
    Epilepsy is a common disorder worldwide, commonly starting during childhood. Despite the high impact of psychiatric comorbidities in these patients, little is known about Iranian children with epilepsy.
    Methods
    This cross sectional study was carried out in the tertiary clinics of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. All of the children (aged between 6 and 18) with a diagnosis of epilepsy were enrolled in this study. A semi-structured psychiatric interview was carried out using the Farsi (Persian) version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL).
    Results
    From a total of 298 participants, 270 (90.6%) completed the process, including 120 (44.4%) girls and 150 (55.6%) boys. At least one psychiatric diagnosis was made in 222 (82.2%) patients. The most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with epilepsy were attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (34.4%), major depressive disorder (MDD) (29.6%), social phobia (14.8%) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (14.8%). Agoraphobia and anorexia nervosa were significantly more prevalent among girls. The following disorders were more prevalent in children aged between 13 and 18: MDD (47.5%), psychotic disorder (2.5%), social phobia (23.7%), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (15.3%), conduct disorder (13.6%), chronic motor tic disorder (13.6%) and substance related disorders (4.8%). Separation anxiety (15.1%) and enuresis (1.5%), on the other hand, were more prevalent among younger children. A logistic regression model showed that psychiatric disorders in parents or siblings could independently predict at least one psychiatric comorbidity in children with epilepsy.
    Conclusion
    Iranian children with epilepsy face a high burden of psychiatric and behavioral comorbidities compared to same aged general population that should be considered for comprehensive care.
    Keywords: Epilepsy, children, psychiatric comorbidity, prevalence
  • Barmak Gholizade*, Nasser Malekpour Pages 58-61
    Introduction
    Gastric cancer is one of most common and fatal malignancies worldwide. Majority of patients have advanced stage when visiting the physician. The aim of this study was to investigate the associated factors with mortality of operated gastric cancer at Modarres Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
    Methods
    All patients with gastric cancer that referred to Modarres Hospital between 2011 and 2016 were included in this study and data were gathered through patients’ medical records and telephone interviews. Analysis was done by SPSS software.
    Results
    In this study 73 patients with gastric cancer participated. Three-years mortality was 72.1%. There was a significant association between the stage of cancer and mortality rate. Although mortality reduced by using neoadjuvant therapy.
    Conclusion
    High mortality of patients with gastric cancer in this study was directly related to higher stage of cancer and lack of a neoadjuvant therapy.
    Keywords: Gastric Cancer, Survival, Neoadjuvant Treatment, Mortality
  • Parvin Dehghan, Fatemeh Pournaghi-Azar, Saber Azami-Aghdash, Yousef Sohraby, Hassan Dadkhah, Hossein Mohammadzadeh-Aghdash* Pages 62-68
    Introduction
    Health and food safety is one of the most important issues of nutrition science. The present study aims to examine the knowledge and attitude towards health and food safety among students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
    Methods
    This study was conducted through cross-sectional approach on 300 students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences who were selected through stratified random sampling method, using a validated and reliable researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS.
    Results
    More than 50% of students had high attitude and knowledge towards health and food safety and washing hands before cooking. Further, more than 60% of students had low attitude on other related items such as unimportance of food additives in food safety. Besides, more than 50% of students had low knowledge about best temperature to store cooked food which is between 5 to 65 °C and the most appropriate plastic containers to keep food healthy. About 87.3% of students had good knowledge about diseases that could be transmitted through food. That there was a significant relationship between student's attitude and taking courses related to health and food safety (P = 0.010). There was also a significant relationship between student's knowledge and their college (P = 0.001) and major (P = 0.020).
    Conclusion
    Results obtained revealed that students from some colleges and some majors had low knowledge of health and food safety. It is therefore necessary to hold training programs through workshops or to include courses in the curriculum of majors that lack such credits.
    Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Health, Food Safety
  • Ali Ghavidel* Pages 69-74
    Introduction
    Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and signs may be seen in approximately one third ofpatients with rheumatologic disorders as primary presentation. Some of these findings may benondiagnostic and may be clinical diagnostic challenge. GI tract involvement by systemic lupuserythematosus (SLE) must be differentiated from adverse drug reactions of treatment agents.Abdominal pain, associated with nausea and vomiting, is seen in up to 30 percent of patients withSLE. The cause of abdominal pain does not differ significantly from that in patients without lupus.Special attention should be given to conditions that may accompany lupus such as lupus peritonitisand infection. Lupus peritonitis is very unusual clinical finding and it is worth reporting.
    Case Report: Our patient was a young female with definite rheumatologic disorders with acuteabdomen as the dominant clinical finding. Imaging findings confirmed peritoneum and smallintestine involvement. Paraclinical work-up including blood analysis confirmed SLE. She wasmanaged with prednisone and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and discharged withpartial improvement.
    Conclusion
    This case report shows that patients with symptoms consistent with acute abdomen inSLE remind us a clinical dilemma. There have been few reports of acute abdomen in patients withSLE in the literature. And more case reports are needed.
    Keywords: Rheumatologic Peritonitis, Peritonitis, Acute Abdomen