فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگی و سیاسی خلیج فارس
پیاپی 1 (پاییز 1393)

Abstract AfterWorld War I and the resulting severerecessionof the worldeconomy¡ ports and islandson the northern coasts of thePersian Gulf could not maintain their economic and business liveliness due to lack ofcareand attention on the part of the central government in Iran. The changes in political situation and the rise of Reza Shah also led to further deterioration of domestic conditions. At the beginning of his reign¡ Reza Shah took a series of different measures with the purpose of strengthening his power and extending hisinfluence and power over the Persian Gulf waters¡ harbors and islands. Mainly¡ those measures were taken to raise revenues for a stable and fortifiedarmy . Inhabitants of southernregions¡ particularlythe ports and islands suffering from poverty in the aftermath ofWorld War I due to ruined docksandportsand insecure roads¡ began to migrate. Many of these migrants were merchantsandtraders¡ whohada major rolein theprosperity and developmentof ports andislands.After Reza Shah''s efforts¡ another wave of these residents migrated because of bad conditions and unemployment.With the onset ofWorld War IIand the re-occupation of Iran by the Alliedforces¡ manyindustrial plantsstopped because of their reliance ontheWest. The re-occupation worsened the situation compared to previous periods.

Iran''s opinion about the best security system in the Persian Golf Security of the Persian Gulf is one of the main issues among the nations¡ regions¡ and inside countries; Especially the Islamic republic of Iran. Besides¡ Iran is a balancemaker in the security of the region due to its great reliance on oil incomes and importing industrial goods¡ as well as owning maximum length of Persian Gulf shore; so¡ security of Iran and the region cannot be segregated. According to the studies¡ the security of the region has been under some tactics initially by European countries and then by the USA in the recent half of century who have claimed [providing] the region with it. With four wars occurred in three decades and Iraq captured by US forces¡ it is obvious that not only the presence of foreigner troops in the region does not have much effect on the security in there¡ but also it makes the process of forming a common security force consisted of the countries of the region. In this research¡ the aim is to study the security of the Persian Gulf from Iran''s point of view. After Iran''s regime changed from Imperial to Islamic republic and so as its foreign policy¡ as the results of the research show¡ the country have always stated its rejection about the presence of foreign troops in the region¡ whom it considers as an irregularity¡ and asked for a cooperation between the countries for providing the security without any foreign interruption. The present research is to study the Iran''s point of view about a favorable security force in the region according to the descriptive and analytic manners¡ library resources¡ and statements made by Iranian officials.

Persian Gulf from the perspective of nine European itinerary writers Safavid
Abstract Persian Gulf''s name in the history was called of the South Gulf Iran in the Sea of Oman. This research is investigated the use of the word Persian Gulf by nine itinerary writers Safavid and importance this Gulf have been given with a view to them. The through itinerary writers Venetian in the Iran ¡ Barbaro and Dalsandry and Venetian anonymous businessman¡ have been noted in Persian Gulf and its significance. Also¡ Dun Garcia¡ DelaValh¡ Sansun¡ Tavernieh¡Oularus¡ Kampfer¡ Chardin¡ Jmly Karrey itinerary writers who were also called the Persian Gulf as Iran''s South Gulf and importance this Gulf have been given with a view to them. This research seeks to answer this question¡ nine Western explorer Safavid period¡ South gulf Iran called on and how important it was to look at them? Therefore with library method and descriptive and analytical approach to¡these theorems are discussed. This conclusion¡all itinerary writers Safavid period were refered to name the Persian Gulf and the strategic location¡ military¡ economic¡ pearling and customs revenues Persian Gulf have discussed. All the right conditions to bring European attention to the Persian Gulf.

The Persian Gulf has always been important role in life of coast dwellers. The sea not only as a marine highway allowed relationship with the people of Iran with other land¡ but it has had an important role in the economic life of coastal residents. This paper aims to examine the precedent of pearling in the Persian Gulf as a precious gem. Following questions are as to how long we can trace the history of pearling and how is done traditionally diving for pearls? Also we want to explain how arriving of dive as a material element on the spiritual life and folklore of the Persian Gulf coastal residents. Survey shows that traditional divers of pearl with knowledge of suitable places for pearling to considered necessary measures for the dangers of due to the dealing disastrous trade. Most divers were slaves and Zangbar residents and were hired by the ship owners. Importance of dive and pearl trade make to arriving of related elements with this trade in folklore of Persian Gulf coastal residents.

Effective management of land¡ maintaining national unity and territorial cohesion factors in distributing the national space policy. Persian Gulf has been a long time manifestation of cultural diversities and contradictions within the Shia - Sunni and Iran - in Arabic. In recent decades¡ there has been an escalation of conflict in the Persian Gulf region and the identification of issues arising from the existence of a ten-year life¡ the presence of foreign forces in the Persian Gulf¡ Iran and the West escalated conflicts. Exacerbated concerns about the consequences of spatial and property claims United Arabic Emirates about three Iranian islands and other Arabic countries support the demands of the provincial scheme proposes to provide the name of the Persian Gulf. In this regard¡ there are several options to consider Persian Gulf state of it is intended to meet the scattered islands. In this study were examined using descriptive - analytical and using library resources¡ composed in Persian Gulf poses security functions. The results showed that the formation of a new Persian Gulf through the strategic functions¡ geo culture¡ urban geopolitics and geo economics could strengthen Iran''s regional and ultimately national security establishment Iranian influence.

Geostrategic Strait of Hormuz is the lifeline of energy to global Economy and any verbal and practical threat to blockade the Strait of implications for energy security conundrum will follow. Also the most present important dilemma facing energy producers and consumers¡ including the United States¡ are how to ensure future energy security of the Persian Gulf region. The main research question is to what extent the security of energy producing and consuming countries in the Strait of Hormuz depend on geoeconomics factors? What are the America''s geostrategic objectives in the Persian Gulf? This article hypothesizes that any Iranian threat to blockade the Strait of Hormuz¡ have a security¡ economic and political consequences for oilproducing countries in general and specifically in relation to the United States. On the one hand¡ the theoretical aim of promoting good understanding of the role of the Strait of Hormuz in the economy - international political and energy equations in the global market. On the other hand¡ the formulation and implementation of energy policy¡ the scope for enhancing the position of Iran in the region and the world knows it. Keywords: Persian Gulf¡ Geo-economics¡ the Strait of Hormuz¡ Energy Security¡ Geostrategic¡ Iran.