مجله طب نظامی
سال هفدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 61، پاییز 1394)

This study aimed to study the effects of imposed war on nursing in Iran, in the mid- and post-war eras. This study was done using historical research methodology and oral history method, with in depth reviews. Eighteen nurses who had participated in war were interviewed in order to elaborate on their experiences of war. The themes extracted from the nurses interviews were: introduction of male nurses, the nursing curriculum change due to war, professional deployment of nurses in the second half of war, improving the management skills of the nurses, improvement of the professional nursing, augmenting the emergency and intensive care centers, all of which were presented in narration. Regarding the results of this study, several aspects of war caused many changes in nursing. Skilled nurses were introduced during war who led nursing to being professional and developed.

The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effect of four Karate Competitions on serum Creatine Kinase and lactate Dehydrogenase enzymes levels and serum C3 and C4 components of the complement system levels in karate-ka soldiers.For this purpose, 10 karate-ka from a military training center in Iran voluntarily participated in the study and periodically competed in two tables of minus 68 kg, height equivalent to 168.8±4.4 cm, BMI equivalent to 21.72±1.01 kg/m2 and minus 78 kg, height equivalent to 172.8±7.25 cm, BMI equivalent to 22.85±1.76 kg/m2. Each of them participated in 4 competitions in a day by the official competition. Blood samples were taken 24 hours before and after the competition and were assessed in specialized laboratories. T-test, ANOVA with repeated measures and Tukey’s test were used for comparison of means before and after the test. The results showed that 24 hours after the period, serum Creatine Kinase level in total of both groups 145.75% significantly increased (P=0.012) and lactate Dehydrogenase enzyme level showed 66.5% non-significant increment (P=0.124). On the other hand, C3 and C4 components of the complement system levels showed 15.75% and 24.5%, respectively, non-significant decrease in total of both groups (P=0.104 and P=0.138, respectively). One day after doing a semi-official karate (kumite) tournament, signs of muscle damage are seen, which are probably due to the mechanical stress caused by repeated strikes. However, further follow-up is needed to obtain clearer results.

The study’s purpose was to determine reliability and validity of the King spiritual intelligence questionnaires in veterans of Iran–Iraq Warfare. In this cross sectional study, 300 veterans of the Iran-Iraq war completed the King spiritual intelligence questionnaires. Principal components analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation was used to assess domain structure of the King spiritual intelligence questionnaires. Internal and external consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC). Internal consistency of King spiritual intelligence questions estimated with Cronbach's alpha, 0.872 and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC).872 (CI 95%: 0.84 - 0.89). The construct validity of the questionnaire was calculated using exploratory factor analysis that showed 3 factors with Eigen values of greater than one, which explained in total 44.7% of the variance. (1, 8 items, &alpha= 0.87 2, 5. items &alpha = 0.89 3, 2 items, &alpha= 0.51). The Persian version of King spiritual intelligence questionnaire demonstrated suitable validity and reliability among the Veterans of Iran–Iraq Warfare. With the consideration of the proper psychometric characteristics, this questionnaire can be used to further research spiritual intelligence in this population.

This study has considered the relationship between RULA ergonomic assessment score and musculoskeletal disorder syndrome in the administrative personnel of a military center. In this descriptive study, the risk of musculoskeletal disorders among 145 male military personnel working in administrative departments were investigated using ergonomic evaluation RULA method and medical examinations. Analysis was conducted with SPSS 17 software. There was a significant relationship between the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders and ergonomic assessment factor of RULA (P=0.016) and also wrist disorders (P=0.049). In addition, the mean of BMI for the employees was 25.57, meaning that about 58% of them were overweight. The RULA ergonomic Assessment techniques can be used to predict musculo­skeletal disorders and obesity among military personnel working in the office of military centers.

The aim of the present study was to compare the rate of risky behaviors and those factors in the college students from military and non-military families. This research was cross-sectional. The study sample included 500 students (192 girls and 308 boys) of Khorramabad Islamic Azad University that were selected by simple random sampling among various faculties (Humanistic Sciences Faculty of Science, Technical Engin­eering, Art and Architecture). The data gathering instrument was Mohammadkhani high risk and protective behaviors. Data were analyzed by chi-square and MANCOVA using SPSS 18. There was a significant difference in sexual behaviors, cigarette smoking, bubble, alcohol, marijuana, opium, methamphetamine and Tramadol pills rates but not suicide rate between students from military and nonmilitary families. Results indicated that the mean scores on the attitude towards drug use, sensation-seeking and family conflicts in military families are less than the other groups. This study showed that living in a military family can be a protective factor against risky behaviors.

Spirituality effects are a part of the achievements of medical science during the imposed war that can be introduced as a pattern for the young generation and present or future scientists and elite. On the other hand, through mentioning memories and self-sacrificing of healthcare personnel during the Holy Defense, at least some part of sacrifices of these medical teams can be refreshed in our minds. This study aimed to determine spiritual experiments and memories of healthcare personnel during the imposed war, and was designed and implemented by using content analysis method. This study was conducted through a qualitative approach and summative content analysis method. Memories and experiences of 68 healthcare personnel were studied according to objective-based sampling. Analysis of data was done through prevalent method of content analyses. Through analyzing the memories, 6 categories and 20 sub-categories were driven as spirituality effects in memories of healthcare personnel during the Holy Defense. Groupings resulted from the studied memories show that the main categories of spirituality in this study were self - sacrifice, internal revolution, sincerity, occult reliefs, friendship and cooperation. Spiritual environments during the Holy Defense implies that many problems can be resolved by character of self-sacrifice and devotion. Thus the reflection on spiritual space prevalent during the Holy Defense is the only way for improving medical and professional morality at the present time. According to the remarks of the supreme leader, services of the healthcare personnel during the Holy Defense was, in fact, an endeavor and Jihad in the way of Allah.

Meningitis is an important health issue. As crowded areas is a predisposing factor to the meningitis disease, thus, the aim of this study was to survey the effect of education by lecture and pamphlet methods on soldiers’ knowledge about meningitis disease. This research is a Quasi-experimental study with a before and after design which was conducted among the air defense soldiers of Semnan. The sampling method in this study was census and the data gathering instrument was a self-made questionnaire. At first, the knowledge about meningitis disease among soldiers was measured. After on, training was conducted by presence education methods and distribution of educational pamphlet. At the end the questionnaires were given to the research samples. The obtained data were entered into SPSS 21 and were analyzed by using paired t-test, and descriptive statistics including mean and standard deviation. The total score of knowledge about meningitis disease among soldiers before training was 36.3± 3.94 and after training was 65.76±3.57. Actually the paired t-test showed a significant difference between the training score of soldiers knowledge about meningitis before and after trainings (P = 0.001). According to the results of this study, educational interventions causes an increase in the knowledge of soldiers in regards to the meningitis disease. On the other hand, as all the men have to pass a military service period, this period is considered a great time to increase their knowledge.